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bio mod 7 > pathogens > Flashcards

pathogens Flashcards

1
Q

What Determines the Outcome of Disease

A
  1. Pathogen: Number of pathogens, Pathogenicity
  2. Host: Defence capabilities of host, Immunocompromised
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2
Q

Pathogen

A
  • Infectious agent that is capable causing disease
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3
Q

Host

A
  • Any organism that carries another organism
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4
Q

Infectious Disease

A
  • A disease that is caused by a pathogen or infectious agent and can be transmitted from one organism to another
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5
Q

Virus

A
  • Contains DNA or RNA
  • Intracellular obligate pathogen
    E.G. Influenza
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6
Q

Steps of Virus

A
  1. Virus targets a specific cell
  2. Viral genetic material inserted into host cell
  3. Genetic material replicate in DNA replication
  4. Cell lysis
  5. Virus spread to more cells
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7
Q

Prion

A
  • Misfolded protein
    1. Abnormal prion induced misfolding in normal prions
    2. Damages the nervous tissue
    3. Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy
    E.G. Kuru Disease
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8
Q

Bacteria

A
  • Prokaryotic organism
  • Can be intracellular or extracellular
  • Treated with antibiotics and disinfectant
    1. Rapidly multiply by binary fission
    2. Release mycotoxins
    3. Toxin cause disease
    E.G. Samonella
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9
Q

Protozoa

A
  • Unicellular eukaryotes
    E.G. Malaria
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10
Q

Steps of Protozoa

A
  1. Attaches to intestine
  2. Prevents nutrient absorption
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11
Q

Fungi

A
  • Unicellular eukaryotes
    E.G. Athletes Foot
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12
Q

Steps of Fungi

A
  1. Survive on surface of skin
  2. Release mycotoxins
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13
Q

Microparasite

A
  • Multicellular eukaryotes
  • Can be pathogens and vectors
    E.G. Tapeworm, Aphids
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14
Q

TRANSMISSION (ALL PATHOGENS EXCEPT PRIONS)

A
  • Vector transmission
  • Contact with infected surfaces
  • Contaminated food and water
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15
Q

TRANSMISSION: PRIONS

A
  • Contaminated surgical tools
  • Eating meat containing abnormal protein
  • Inheritance
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16
Q

Epidemic

A
  • Widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular period of time
17
Q

Types of Transmission

A
  • Direct Contact
  • Indirect Contact
  • Vector Transmission
18
Q

Type of Transmission: DIRECT

A
  • Vertical Transmission: Genetic
  • Horizontal Transmission: Anything else
    E.G. touching, kissing, bitin
19
Q

Type of Transmission: INDIRECT

A
  • Fomites
    E.G. Airborne, surgical equiptment
20
Q

Type of Transmission: VECTOR

A
  • Disease is spread through another animal
21
Q

Koch’s Postulates

A
  1. Suspected causative agent must be absent from all healthy organisms but present in all diseased organisms
  2. Suspected causative agent must be isolated from the diseased organism and grown in pure culture
  3. Suspected causative agent must cause the same disease when inoculated in a healthy organism
  4. Suspected causative agent must then be reisolated from the inoculated diseased organism

bio mod 7 (5 decks)

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