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First Aid Psychiatry > Pathology 4 > Flashcards

Pathology 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

Excessive dieting +/- purging, intense fear of gaining weight, body image distortion and increase exercise BMI <17kg/m

A

Anorexia nervosa

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2
Q

Severe weight loss, metatarsal stress fractures, amenorrhea, lanugo (fine body hair), anemia, and electrolyte disturbances.

A

Anorexia nervosa

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3
Q

binge eating +/- purging. Body weight usualy normal range

A

Bulemia nervosa

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4
Q

Ways to purge

A

Vomiting, laxative, diuretics or emetics

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5
Q

Parotitis, enamel erosion, electrolyte disturbances, alkalosis, dorsal hand calluses

A

Bulimia nervosa

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6
Q

Russell sign

A

Bulimia nervosa (callus on back of hands from inducing vomiting)

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7
Q

Strong, persistent cross-gender identification, persistent discomfort with one’s sex assigned birth

A

gender dysphoria

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8
Q

Desire to live as opposite sex, often through Sx or hormone tx

A

TransSEXualism

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9
Q

Paraphilia, not gender dysphoria, Wears clothes of opposite gender

A

TransVESTism (vest like clothing)

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10
Q

Screaming in the middle of the night during slow-wave sleep

A

Sleep terror disorder

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11
Q

excessive daytime sleepiness caused by decreased orexin production in lateral hypothalamus

A

Narcolepsy

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12
Q

hypnagogic

A

Hallucination just before falling asleep, associated with narcolepsy

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13
Q

Hypnopompic

A

Hallucinations just before waking, associated with narcolepsy

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14
Q

Cataplexy

A

loss of all muscle tone following a strong emotional stimulus like laughter

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15
Q

tx of narcolepsy

A

daytime stimulants like amphetamines, modafinil;

night time sodium oxybate (GHB)

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16
Q

Stages of change in overcoming substance addiction

A

Precontemplation (not acknowledging problem)
Contemplation (acknowledge problem)
Prep/Determination (getting ready to change behavior)
Action/willpower (changing behavior)
Maintenance (maintaining behavior change)
Relapse

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17
Q

Withdrawal symptoms from depressants

A

anxiety, tremor, seizures, insomnia

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18
Q

List of Depressants

A

Alcohol, Opioids, Barbituates, Benzodiazepines

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19
Q

Sensitive indicator of alcohol use

A

serum GGT, gamma-glutamyltransferase

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20
Q

Causes euphoria, respiratory and CNS depression, pinpoint pupils

A

Opioids

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21
Q

Overdose of Opioids

A

Seizures

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22
Q

Tx of Opioid OD

A

Naloxone and Naltrexone

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23
Q

Withdrawal symptoms of Opioids

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A

Sweating, dilated pupils, piloerection (cold turkey), fever, rhinorrhea, yawning, stomach cramps, nausea, dairrhea

24
Q

Treatment of Opioid Withdrawal

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A

Long-term support, methadone, buprenorphine

25
Withdrawal of Barbituates
Delirium, life-threatening CV collapse
26
Barbituates vs Benzodiazepines, which has greater safety of margin
Benzodiazepines
27
tx of Benzodiazepine toxicity
Flumazenil
28
Withdrawal of Benzodiazepines
Sleep disturbannce, depression, rebound anxiety, seizure
29
Withdrawal of stimulant
crash, depression, lethargy, weight gain, HA
30
List of Stimulants
Amphetamines, cocaine, caffeine, nicotine
31
Euphoria, grandiosity, pupillary DILATION, prolonged wakefullness and attention, HTN, tachycardia, anorexia, paranoia, fever
Amphetamine
32
Withdrawal symptoms of amphetamines
anhedonia, increased appetite, hypersomnolence, existential crisis
33
impaired judgement, pupillary dilation, hallucinations (tactile), paranoid ideations, angina, cardiac death
Cocaine
34
Withdrawal symptoms of cocaine
Hypersomnelence, malaise, psychological craving, depression/suicide
35
Caffeine withdrawal
Lack of concentration, HA
36
Tx of Cocaine withdrawal
Benzodiazepines
37
Withdrawal symptoms of Nicotine
irritability, anxiety, craving
38
Tx of Nicotine
Nicotine patch, gum, lozenge, buproprion/varenicline
39
Belligerence, impulsiveness, fever, psychomotor agitation, analgesia, vertical and horizontal nystagmus
PCP intoxication
40
Homocidiality, delirium and seizures
PCP intoxication
41
PCP withdrawal
depression, anxiety, irritability, restlessness, anergia, disturbances of thought and sleep
42
Perceptual distortion, depersonalization, anxiety, paranoia, psychosis, possible flashbacks
LSD intoxication
43
euphoria, anxiety, paranoid delusions, perceptino of slowed time, impaired judgement, social withdrawal, increased appetite, dry mouth, conjunctival injection, hallucinations
Marijauna (cannabinoid)
44
Tetrahydrocannabinol isomer
Dronabinol, an antiemetic and appetite stimulant
45
Marijuana Withdrawal
Irritability, depression, insomnia, nausea, anorexia (peak within 48hrs and last 5-6days) detectable in urine for 4-10days
46
Users at increased risk for hepatitis, abscesses, overdose, hemorrhoids, AIDS, and right-sided endocarditis. Look for track marks
Heroin
47
Long-lasting oral opiate used for heroin detoxification or LT maintenance
Methadone
48
Partial agonist; long acting with fewer withdrawal symptoms than methadone.
Naloxone + buprenorphine
49
Long-acting opioid antagonist used for relapse prevention oce detoxified from heroin
Naltrexone
50
Disulfram
used to condition a patient from drinking alcohol, increases hangover symptoms
51
Confusion, ophthalmoplegia, and ataxia
Wernicke encephalopathy
52
irreversible memory loss, confabulation, personality change
Korsakoff psychosis
53
Associated with paraventricular hemorrhagenecrosis of mamillary bodies
Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome
54
Longitudinal partial thickness tear at GE jx caused by excessive vomiting
Mallory-Weiss Syndrome
55
Life-threatening alcohol withdrawal syndrome that peaks 2-5days after last drink.
Delirium Tremens
56
Symptoms of Delirium Tremens
tachycardia, tremors, anxiety, seizures, hallucinations, delusions, confusion
57
tx of Delirium tremens
Benzodiazepines

First Aid Psychiatry (12 decks)

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