Pathology

Question 1

Early secretory phase characterized by ?

Answer 1

Sub nuclear vaculations

And tortuous glands

Question 2

Late secretory characterised by?

Answer 2

Pre decidual change
Saw toothed glands
Secretions within the glands

Question 3

Define metorehagia?

Answer 3

Irregular intervals exessive flow and duration

Question 4

Types of endometrial cancers

Answer 4

Serous
Clear cell
Endometrioid

Question 5

Mutations of endometrioid cancers?

Answer 5

PTEN

p53

Question 6

Chronic anovulation is caused by static levels of ?

Answer 6

LH

Question 7

Where does feral blood come in close proximity to maternal blood for gas exchange?

Answer 7

Chorionic villus

Question 8

Why c section indicates in placenta previa?

Answer 8

Placenta covers the internal os that might lead to placental rupture and fatal maternal haemorrhage

Question 9

Life threatening postpartum bleeding cause ?

Answer 9

Placenta accreta

Question 10

Cloudy purulent exudate with chorion amnion of neutrophils, edema, congestion?

Answer 10

Acute chrorioamnionitis

Question 11

Which pathology raise fetal death risk by affecting rate at which nutrients and gases are exchanged?

Answer 11

Villitis

Question 12

Complications due to systemic endothelial dysfunction associated with pre eclampsia?

Answer 12

Acute renal failure
Hypercoagubility
Pulmonary Deema

Question 13

What is hellp syndrome ?

Answer 13

Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
Elevated Liver enzymes
And low platelets

Question 14

How are we sure that preeclampsia caused by placenta?

Answer 14

When placenta is delivered the symptoms disappear

Question 15

Reduced endothelial production of PGI2 causes?

Answer 15

Helypercoagulbility because anti thrombotic

Question 16

Retroplacental hematomas are seen with?

Answer 16

Pre eclampsia

Question 17

4 pathological changes with preeclampsia?

Answer 17

Infarcts
Exaggerating ischemic changes
Retroplacental hematomas(bleeding and instability of uteroplacental vessels)
Abnormal decidual vessels

Question 18

Thin walled translucent cystic Grapelike swollen edematous chorionic villus

Answer 18

Hydatidform moles

Question 19

Cystic swelling of chorionic villus?

Answer 19

Hydadtidorm mole

Question 20

Characteristics of choriocarcinoma?

Answer 20

Rapidly invasive and metastatize widely

But responds to chemotherapy

Question 21

Choriocarcinoma tends to invade and penetrate

Answer 21

Myometrium
Blood vessels
Sometimes extend to serosa and adjacent structures

Question 22

What increases risk of corpus luteum cyst?

Answer 22

Clomphene

Question 23

What characterize endometriod cyst?

Answer 23

Endometrial lining and hemosidren laden macrophages

Question 24

3 major types of ovarian every epethelial cancers?

Answer 24

Serous, mucinous, endxometrioid

Question 25

Difference between serous cytoadenoma and serous carcinoma?

Answer 25

Cytoadenoma is smooth walled with no epethelial thickening due to papillary projections But papillae sometimes seen No psamomma bodies

Question 26

What makes papillary serous borderline tumor?

Answer 26

Good prognosis but stratification and nuclear atypia is observed

Question 27

Solid cystic unilateral mass of fibrous stroma with coffee bean appearance

Answer 27

Brenner

Question 28

Malignant germ cell tumours

Answer 28

Choriocarcinoma Granulosa cell tumor Endodermal sinus tumor

Question 29

Highly aggressive tumor of children or young women rich in alpha fetoprotein or alpha antitrypsin with schillar duval bodies positive for PAS

Answer 29

Endodermal sinus yolk sac tumor

Question 30

Acidophilus gland like tumor of estrogen producing call exener bodies tumor?

Answer 30

GCT

Question 31

Megis syndrome?

Answer 31

Hydrothorax and ascites with fibroma

Question 32

Thecoma or fibroma produces

Answer 32

Estrogenic manifestations

Question 33

Multi modularity and bilateral ovarion masses with mucin filled signet ring implies

Answer 33

Krukenburg

Question 34

Spiral arteries on endometrium constricts because ?

Answer 34

No progesterone received

Question 35

Proliferative phase characteristics

Answer 35

Round glands and mitosis

Question 36

Basal endometrium is re epitheliazed by?

Answer 36

Estrogen?

Question 37

Causes of endometrial hyperplasia

Answer 37

Obesity ( peripheral conversion of androgens) GCT of ovary Menopause PCOD Prolonged estrogen replacement therapy