Pathology Lesson 7 Flashcards
(24 cards)
What is phonation?
Speaking
What is ventilation?
Movement of air in an out
What is respiration?
Exchange of air
What are the three functions of the pulmonary system?
- Gas Exchange
- Acid-Base Balance
- Phonation
How many splits occur in the respiratory tree before you get to the alveoli?
26
What are seven branches of the respiratory tree?
- Trachea
- Primary bronchi
- Secondary bronchi
- Tertiary bronchi
- Bronchiole
- Terminal bronchiole
- Alveoli
What kind of fruit do alveoli look like?
A bunch of grapes
How many alveoli are there?
Around 300 million
True or False:
Membrane at alevoli is insterile.
False
(It IS sterile!)
How many kinds of circulation are there in the lungs?
Two
What causes the sterility of the alevolar membranes?
Alveolar macrophages + ciliary current
What two walls are fused together?
Alveolar and capillary
Describe how the capillaries are positioned around the alevoli.
Like a cobweb
What is Boyle’s Law?
Inverse relationship between volume and pressure when temperature is constant.
T is constant! Inverse between V and P.
Boyle’s Law proves that an increase of decrease in lung volume results in what two things?
Inspiration and Expiration
True or False:
Inspiration is not always an active process but expiration is.
False
(Other way around! Inspiration is active… Expiration is not always active)
When we inhale, what two things move to help increase space in our lungs? When we inhale in, it goes “up and out.”
Diaphragm and intercostals
During inhalation, does alveolar pressure rise or fall?
Fall
During inhalation, does air flow into or out of the lungs?
Into
How much air is inspired at rest?
500 mL
How much air is inhaled during deep breathing for a normal person? An athlete?
- 2-3 L
- as much as 5 L
What kind of chest does a person develop when they have emphysema?
Barrel chest
(A normal person is “wider than we are deep.”)
What is the pleural space between?
Lungs and ribs
What kind of pressure do we have to maintain in the plueral space?
Negative
