Pathology of small and large intestine

Question 1

Main causes of inflammatory bowel disease

Answer 1

Crohn’s disease

ulcerative colitis

Question 2

Where can Crohn’s disease affect

Answer 2

Any part of GI tract

Question 3

Where can ulcerative colitis affect

Answer 3

colon only

Question 4

What causes inflammatory bowel disease

Answer 4

immune response to normal colon flora

Question 5

What gene is associated with Crohn’s disease

Answer 5

NOD2

Question 6

What gene is associated with ulcerative colitis

Answer 6

HLA

Question 7

pANCA is indicative of what disease

Answer 7

ulcerative colitis

Question 8

Where does ulcerative colitis normally begin and then spread

Answer 8

rectum

proximally

Question 9

name for rectal inflammation

Answer 9

proctitis

Question 10

Name for total colon inflammation

Answer 10

pancolitis

Question 11

Does ulcerative colitis have granulomas

Answer 11

no

Question 12

causes of acute ischemic bowel

Answer 12

thrombosis and emboli of major arteries

Question 13

Causes of chronic ischaemic bowel

Answer 13

inflammation causing ulceration

Question 14

What is a possible complication of radiotherapy

Answer 14

radiation colitis

Question 15

Causes of appendicitis

Answer 15

faecal mater trapped in appendix

worms

Question 16

Other name for polyp

Answer 16

adenoma

Question 17

Differences between right and left sided colorectal adenocarcinoma in shape

Answer 17

Right- polyp like

left-annular (right round the lumen like a napkin holder)

Question 18

Differences between right and left sided colorectal adenocarcinoma in bleeding

Answer 18

right- altered appearance

left- fresh or altered appearance

Question 19

Differences between right and left sided colorectal adenocarcinoma in symptoms

Answer 19

right- vague pain and weakness

left- change in bowel habit

Question 20

Differences between right and left sided colorectal adenocarcinoma in bowel obstruction

Answer 20

right- tumour becomes larger before obstruction

left- tumour doesn’t need to be as big so obstruction early in condition

Question 21

How can progression of bowel cancer be categorised and what do the letters stand for

Answer 21

TNM
T-size(how many layers its invaded)
N-lymph node invasion
M-metastasises