Pathology - Skeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

Sx’s: saber shins, bone disease of nose, palate, skull, gummas

A

Skeletal Syphilis

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2
Q

MC locations to see osteoprosis

A

Vertebrae Hip Distal radius

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3
Q

Def: reduction in trabecular bone mass

A

Osteoporosis

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4
Q

Def: Infection of BM in children

A

Osteomyelitis

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5
Q

Labs for Osteoporosis

A

All normal levels

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6
Q

Where in the bone does the Osteomyelitis occur in children vs adults

A

Children = metaphysis Adults = epiphysis

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7
Q

Causes of Avascular Necrosis…

A

MC = trauma/Fx/steroids SCD Drugs - Bisphos, EtOH Gaucher disease

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8
Q

Def: AR defect in osteoclast function d/t CA II mutation preventing an acidic environment for bone resorption –> thick, heavy bones

A

Osteopetrosis

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9
Q

Def: ischemic necrosis of bone and BM

A

Avascular (aseptic) Necrosis

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10
Q

Sx’s: pigeon-breast, frontal bossing, rachitic rosary, bowing of legs

A

Rickets

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11
Q

Def: malignant ST tumor in 20-40 yo pts w/ uniform spindle cells w/ scant cytoplasm and t(x;18)

A

Synovial sarcoma

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12
Q

Sx’s: Bone Fx’s (erlynmeye flask), anemia, thrombocytopenia, CN impingement, Hydrocephalus, renal tubular acidosis

A

Osteopetrosis

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13
Q

Def: poor endochondral bone formation w/ an FGFR3 mutation

A

Achondroplasia

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14
Q

Sx’s: multiple Fx’s, blue sclera, hearing loss

A

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

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15
Q

Labs for Rickets/Osteomalacia

A

Decreased Ca, PO4 (-) Increased PTH, AlkPhos

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16
Q

Hereditary Leiomyomatosis is assc w/ which cancer and which gene defect

A

Cancer = RCC Gene = Fumarate hydratase

17
Q

Pathogens assc w/ Osteomyelitis

A

Staph (MC) N. Gonorrhoeae Salmonella Pseudomonas Pasteurella M. Tuberculosis

18
Q

Hist: mosaic pattern of lamellar bone (cement lines creating “puzzle piece” pattern

A

Paget Disease of Bone

19
Q

Complication of Paget Disease of Bone

A

High-output cardiac failure

20
Q

What is the difference b/w Fibrous Cortical Defect and Nonossifying Fibroma

A

FCD = < 5cm NF = > 5cm

21
Q

Tx for Osteopetrosis =

A

BM transplant

22
Q

Def: imbalance b/w osteoclast and osteoblast function in pts > 60 yo

A

Paget Disease of Bone

23
Q

Mutation assc w/ Nodular Fasciitis…

A

t(17;22) = MYH9-USP6

24
Q

Sx’s: short extremities w/ normal head/chest

A

Achondroplasia

25
Q

SQSTM1 mutation –> increased NF-kß

A

Paget Disease of Bone

26
Q

Stains + for Abs to SM and Desmin

A

Leiomyosarcoma

27
Q

Def: b/l defect in metaphysis of distal femur and proximal tibia in pts < 2 yo

A

Fibrous Cortical Defect

28
Q

What is the fusion gene assc w/ Synovial sarcoma

A

SS18-SSX1/X2/X4

29
Q

Def: self-limited fibroblastic and myofibroblastic proliferation occurring in young adults in the UE d/t trauma

A

Nodular Fasciitis

30
Q

Def: collagen I synthesis defect d/t COL1A1 or COL1A2

A

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

31
Q

Def: defective mineralization of osteoid d/t low vitamin D

A

Rickets - children < 1 yo Osteomalacia - adults

32
Q

Hist: blunt-ended, elongated nuclei w/ minimal atypia

A

Leiomyoma

33
Q

Sx’s: bone pain w/ systemic signs, Brodie abscess on X-ray

A

Osteomyelitis

34
Q

Sx’s: bone pain, increased hat size, hearing loss, lion-facies

A

Paget Disease of Bone