paths 2 stage

Question 1

with this we can transform and know our environment

Answer 1

rational capacity

Question 2

science responsible for the specialized language of human

Answer 2

linguistics, factual science that use logic

Question 3

language is

Answer 3

socially and historically construed

Question 4

set of sounds words or signs that express thoughts and ideas

Answer 4

language

Question 5

mental process that occurs due to intellect and rationality

Answer 5

thought

Question 6

thoughts can be translated into

Answer 6

linguistic structures

Question 7

a thought is produced as a

Answer 7

response to need to find an explanation or solve a problem

Question 8

the process by which thoughts are produced

Answer 8

reasoning

Question 9

most complex mental operation since it implies the coherent relation between two judgements to obtain a new judgement as a conclusion

Answer 9

reasoning

expressed linguistically in the form of arguments

Question 10

reasoning makes us able

Answer 10

to structure and order ideas

Question 11

elements that make up the structure of thought

Answer 11

concept judgement and reasoning

Question 12

the mental representation of an object

Answer 12

concept
simplest element of thought
its linguistic expression is words

Question 13

how is done the formation of concepts

Answer 13

through a process called abstraction

Question 14

complex mental operation that enunciates the relationship between two or more concepts

Answer 14

judgement

its linguistic expression is the proposition

Question 15

reasoning is based on

Answer 15

knowledge or direct experience, coherence of data and ideas

Question 16

the process of reasoning

Answer 16

inference

Question 17

the object of study of logic

Answer 17

argumentation and arguments

Question 18

premisses

Answer 18

propositions that offer reasons, justify and lead to the conclusion

Question 19

conclusion

Answer 19

general proposition followed by the premisses

Question 20

mention 3 logical indicators of premisses

Answer 20

due to
because
well
since

Question 21

mention 3 logical indicators of conclusion

Answer 21

hence
therefore
consequently

Question 22

the act of relating two or more propositions that leads to a conclusion

Answer 22

inferring

Question 23

inductive inference

Answer 23

we start from various observations made about the same fact so that the conclusion can be generalized to all cases

Question 24

deductive inference

Answer 24

leads to necessary conclusions, part of the facts and absolute sceurity

Question 25

deductive inference is valid if

Answer 25

the premisses fully support the conclusion and its invalid if it is not supported

Question 26

principle of identity

Answer 26

affirms that what it is, is. every statement is identical to itself

Question 27

principle of non- contradiction

Answer 27

affirms that is imposible that a propistion is true and false at the same time. nothing can be and not be at the same time

Question 28

principle of excluded middle (third excluded)

Answer 28

tells us that by having two statements that contradict each other necessarily one of them must be false

Question 29

principle of sufficient reason

Answer 29

to decide that a premiss is true or false is necessary to have reasons to support such a decision

Question 30

who proposed the syllogism

Answer 30

aristotle in greece

Question 31

terms that compose the syllogistic reasoning

Answer 31

major premiss minor premiss middle term conclusion

Question 32

major premiss

Answer 32

where is the predicate of the conclusion or major term (p) generally this premiss is presented first

Question 33

minor premiss

Answer 33

where is the subject of the conclusion or minor term (s)

Question 34

middle term

Answer 34

it serves as a comparison between both premises, however it does not go to the conclusion (m)

Question 35

conclusion (syllogism)

Answer 35

where the relation between S and P is established

Question 36

types of misleading reasoning where there is no logical relationship between premises and conclusion

Answer 36

fallacies

Question 37

who say that fallacies can be psychologically persuasive

Answer 37

Irving Copi

Question 38

attack to a person fallacy

Answer 38

referring to any condition of the person who issues an opinion and ignoring the content of what he says i believe juan defends marriage between people of the same sex just because he is homosexual

Question 39

appeal to popularity fallcy

Answer 39

it happens when we seek to support our arguments in popular opinions and not because of the confidence that are right everyone in my town thinks that raising animals to fight is not immoral

Question 40

false generalization fallacy

Answer 40

consists in generalizing from very few observed cases

Question 41

petition of principle fallacy

Answer 41

one of the premises is again and again established as a conclusion

Question 42

appeal to force fallacy

Answer 42

consist of the use of force to impose a vision or opinion.

Question 43

appeal to emotions fallacy

Answer 43

this fallacy seeks to expose feelings or pity

Question 44

appeal to ignorance fallacy

Answer 44

when we offer ignorance to evade responsability

Question 45

appeal to authority fallacy

Answer 45

when the idea is not analyzed but is taken for granted because an authority says it.

Question 46

order of the timeline

Answer 46

``` prehistory antiquity middle ages renaissance modern age contemporary age XX and XXi centuries ```