Pathways

Question 1

Pathways which occur in mitochondria

Answer 1

Fatty Acid oxidation
Acetyl CoA
TCA
Oxidative phosphorylation

“MITO FATO”

Question 2

Pathways that occur in cytoplasm

Answer 2

PPP
Glyogenesis
Glycogenolysis
Glycolysis
Gluconeogenesis
Anaerobic glycolysis

Question 3

What pathways occur both in mitochondria and cytosol?

Answer 3

Heme
Urea
Gluconeogenesis

Give BOTH a HUG

Question 4

Pathways that occur in mitochondrial matrix

Answer 4

TCA
Urea
B-oxidation

INSIDE the TUB

Question 5

Pathway that occur in the inner mitochondrial membrane

membranes of cristae

Answer 5

ETC
Succinate dehydrogenase
ATP synthase

Inner EAS

Question 6

Energy synthesizing system of the cell

Final common pathway in aerobic cells by which electrons derived from various subtrates are transferred to oxygen

Answer 6

Electron Transport Chain

Question 7

Final acceptor of electrons along ETC

Can accomodate how many electrons to form water

Answer 7

Oxygen

Electron + Oxygen = water

4 electrons

Question 8

Energy from reductkon of oxygen utilized for

Answer 8

Phosphorylation of ADP

oxidative phosphorylation

Question 9

Energy from reduction of O2 is utilized for phosphorylation of ADP to ATP through the enzyme

Answer 9

ATP synthetase

Question 10

Complex V

Answer 10

ATP synthetase

Question 11

Series of protein complexes, chain of transporters that carry only

Answer 11

electrons

H is not transported

Question 12

The only non-protein complex

Answer 12

Co-enzyme Q

Question 13

Two types of phosphorylation

Answer 13

Substrate level

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 14

Synthesis of ATP from ADP by phosphorylation coupled with exergonic breakdown of a high energy organic substrate molecule

Answer 14

Substrate level phosphorylation

Question 15

Example of substrate level phosphorylation

Answer 15

Phosphoenol pyruvate -> pyruvate
ADP -> ATP via pyruvate kinase

1,3 disphosphoglycerate + ADP -> 3 Phosphoglycerate + ATP via phosphoglycerate kinase

Succinyl CoA + GDP -> Succinate + GTP via SuccinylCoa synthetase

Question 16

Phosphorylation of ADP is coupled with the oxidation of substrate in the ETC

Answer 16

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 17

Tight coupling of electron transfer (oxidation) and phosphorylation

Answer 17

Chemiosmotic Coupling Hypothesis of Peter Mitchell

Question 18

Oxidative phosphorylation takes place in

Answer 18

inner mitochondrial membrane

Question 19

Components of ETC

Answer 19

Cytochromes
Ubiquinone (Coenzyme Q)
Fe-sulfur complexes
Molecular oxygen

Question 20

Iron containing single electron carriers

Answer 20

Cytochrome

Question 21

Mobile water soluble protein

Answer 21

Cytochrome C

All other cytochromes (a and b) are immobile

Question 22

A non-protein isoprenoid quinone

Mobile component and most abundant

Answer 22

Ubiquinone (Coenzyne Q)

Question 23

Shares structural homology with with Vitamin E and Vitamin K

Answer 23

Ubiquinone

Question 24

Found in all organisms

Polar, not water soluble

Answer 24

Ubiquinone

Question 25

Associated with metalloflavoproteins and Cytochrome b Single electron carriers involved in the redox mechanism between flavin and Q

Answer 25

Fe-Sulfur Complex

Question 26

Complex I

Answer 26

NADH dehydrogenase

Question 27

Complex II

Answer 27

Succinate dehydrogenase

Question 28

Complex III

Answer 28

Cytochrome b-c1 complex

Question 29

Complex IV

Answer 29

Cytochrome oxidase

Question 30

Complex V

Answer 30

ATP synthase

Question 31

Net charge outside, inside after electron transfer

Answer 31

+ outside | - inside

Question 32

Two domains of ATP synthase

Answer 32

F1 domain | F0 domain

Question 33

Inhibits complex F0 domain of Complex V

Answer 33

Oligomycin

Question 34

Complex I NADH oxidoreductase is blocked by They do not totally deplete ATP production because they do not block the Complex II

Answer 34

Barbiturate Amytal Rotenone Pericidin A BARP

Question 35

Complex II | Succinate-Q reductase is inhibited by

Answer 35

TTFA Carboxin Malonate

Question 36

Insecticide produced by extraction from roots and stems of several tropical and subtropical plant species especially those belonging to Lonchocarpus and Derris Inhibits Complex I

Answer 36

Rotenone

Question 37

Inhibitor of NADH Dehydrogenase

Answer 37

Piericidin A

Question 38

Inhibitor of Complex I that causes insomnia and anxiety

Answer 38

Amobarbital

Question 39

Blocks Complex II Competitive inhibitor of succinate dehydrogenase You still have ATP production via complex I

Answer 39

Malonate TTFA Carboxin

Question 40

A conventional mitochondrial Complex II inhibitor Chelating agent

Answer 40

TTFA | Thenoyltrifluoroacetone

Question 41

Systemic anilide fungicide that inhibits Complex II

Answer 41

Carboxin

Question 42

Blocks Complex III | Q-cytochrome c oxidoreductase

Answer 42

Antimycin A | Dimercaprol

Question 43

Inhibits Complex IV | Cytochrome c oxidase

Answer 43

Cyanide Carbon monoxide Sodium azide H2S

Question 44

Inhibits Complex V | ATP Synthase Complex

Answer 44

Oligomycin F0

Question 45

Cyanide toxicity occurs when

Answer 45

Na nitroprusside

Question 46

Blocks Complex III | Used in treatment for arsenic, gold, mercury, lead and other toxic metals

Answer 46

Dimercaprol

Question 47

Chemical piscicide (fish poison) used in fisheries managment and in the catfish industry

Answer 47

Antimycin

Question 48

Block of complex III leads to

Answer 48

no ATP

Question 49

Blocks Complex IV | No ATP production

Answer 49

Cyanide Hydrogen sulfide Carbon monoxide

Question 50

Cyanide inhibits the enzyme

Answer 50

Cytochrome oxidase

Question 51

Compounds that allow oxidation to continue without corresponding synthesis of ATP

Answer 51

Thermogenin 2,4-Dinitrophenol DNP Aspirin in excess

Question 52

Known as uncoupling protein 1 UCP1 Protein found in the mitochondria of brown adipose tissue Used to generate heat by non-shivering thermogenesis

Answer 52

Thermogenin

Question 53

Transports protons across the membrane and destroy the pH gradient no transfer of electron

Answer 53

Uncouplers