Patient Care and Communication

Question 1

Define Health

Answer 1

WHO defined human health as a “state of complete, physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

Question 2

Holistic Medicine

Answer 2

Natural. Treating whole health, not just physical.

Question 3

Patient Definition

Answer 3

A healthcare recipient who is ill or hospitalized.

Question 4

Client Definition

Answer 4

A recipient of healthcare regardless of their state of health.
“Customers” or “Consumers”

Question 5

Physical Health

Answer 5

Physical manifestations of symptoms that produce a condition.

Question 6

Spiritual Health

Answer 6

Can be a significant part of their state of health.

Question 7

Intellectual Health

Answer 7

Cognitive abilities.

Question 8

Emotional Health

Answer 8

Family, Friends, Connections…

Question 9

Empathy Definition

Answer 9

Ability to understand and share the feelings of another

Question 10

Sympathy Definition

Answer 10

Feelings of pity and sorrow for someone else’s misfortune.

Question 11

Apathy Defnition

Answer 11

Lack of interest, enthusiasm, or concern.

Question 12

Autonomy Definition

Answer 12

Freedom from external control or influence; independence.

Question 13

Assessment Definition

Answer 13

Evaluation or estimation of the nature, quality, or ability of someone or something (collecting pt. history).

Question 14

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Answer 14

1. Physiological Needs… Food, Shelter, Oxygen.
2. Safety and Security
3. Need to be loved and give love
4. Self-Esteem: accepted by others
5. Self-Actualization: Creative, Confident, Successful.

Question 15

Patient Safety

Answer 15

Above All, do not harm.

Position for comfort and safety during exams.

Problem-Solving: Critical Thinking

Question 16

Patient Assessment

Answer 16

Physical Status
Emotional Status
Patient Comprehension
Cultural Diversity

Question 17

Critical C’s

Answer 17

Compassion
Caring
Communication
Competence
Confidentiality
Compliance
Confidence
Charting
Critical Thinking

Question 18

Compassion/Caring

Answer 18

Patient Dignity
Patient Respect
Patient Autonomy
Empathy

Question 19

Competence

Answer 19

Obtain pt. History
Positioning Skills
Knowledge of Procedures
Exposure/Technique Skills
Equipment Use
Critical Thinking and Problem Solving

Question 20

Compliance

Answer 20

Follow Policy and Procedure of the Department and Hospital

Work within your scope of practice

Standard of Care

Question 21

Patient Interview/History

Answer 21

Obtaining an accurate pt. history is part of every exam

Radiologists need this info to help interpret images

Save time by taking history while prepping for exam

Chief Complaint: Primary medical problem as determined by pt.

Question 22

Questioning Skills

Answer 22

Open Ended Questions: Let pt. tell the story

Facilitation (nod, “yes”, “ok”) encourages elaboration

Silence: Gives time for pt. to remember

Probing Questions: Provides more Detail

Repetition: Clarifies info

Summarization: verifies accuracy

Question 23

Elements of Clinical History

Answer 23

Localization
Chronology
Quality
Severity
Onset
Aggravating or Alleviating Factors
Associated Manifestations

Question 24

Localization

Answer 24

Precise area of pt’s complaint

Question 25

Chronology

Answer 25

Duration since onset, frequency, and course of symptoms

Question 26

Quality

Answer 26

Describes character of symptoms

Question 27

Severity

Answer 27

Intensity, Quantity, or extensiveness of the problem

Question 28

Onset

Answer 28

What the pt. was doing upon onset of symptoms

Question 29

Aggravating or Alleviating Factors

Answer 29

What makes it worse or better?

Question 30

Associated Manifestations

Answer 30

Are other symptoms related to chief complaint?

Question 31

Confidence

Answer 31

Become unconsciously competent to become confident Confidence instills pt's trust

Question 32

Confidentiality

Answer 32

Privacy HIPAA: Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act

Question 33

HIPPA: Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act

Answer 33

Failure to abide by HIPPA Mandates may lead to disciplinary procedures, termination, jail.

Question 34

Charting

Answer 34

pt's chart is a legal document Use blue/black ink Initial Entries Don't use whiteout - make one line through mistake and initial Maintain confidentiality

Question 35

Communication

Answer 35

Verbal: Clarity, tone of voice, avoid med terms, pt. fears Non-Verbal: Body language, touch, listening Flexibility/Adaptability

Question 36

Touch

Answer 36

Most often considered therapeutic. Indicated for palpation of positioning, emotional support, emphasis of communication. *Beware of cultural differences

Question 37

Communicating with Culturally Diverse Patients

Answer 37

Show Respect Treat Equally Be Aware of verbal and non-verbal cues Ask for Clarification Use Pantomime Use Interpreter Be Assertive

Question 38

Aphasic Patients

Answer 38

Don't speak loud Use flashcards Ask "yes" "no" questions Be Patient Use pad and pencil

Question 39

Chemically Dependent Patients

Answer 39

Be Patient Prepare for Combative, Disoriented, and Agitated Behavior. Varies w/ drug.

Question 40

Geriatric Patients

Answer 40

- Address by name, not pet names. - Don't assume they are hard of hearing. - Takes more time to complete exam. - Ask for clarification of instructions - Be aware of decubitus ulcers (bed sores) - Atrophy (loss of muscle) - Comfort and Safety - Fear of falling

Question 41

Young Adults/Teens

Answer 41

Modesty Privacy Parental Involvement for consent

Question 42

Pediatric Patients

Answer 42

Get on eye level Simplify Language Give a toy Parents: Can help hold Never say hurt

Question 43

Trauma Patient

Answer 43

- Monitor, Assess, Evaluate - Never leave unattended - Avoid Aspiration - Be aware of spinal injury precautions - STAT (Within 30 mins)

Question 44

Things to look for with Trauma Patients

Answer 44

Head Injuries MVA GSW MI CVA AMA

Question 45

Triage

Answer 45

Sort patients by injury and need of medical attention

Question 46

MVA

Answer 46

Motor Vehicle Accident

Question 47

GSW

Answer 47

Gunshot Wound

Question 48

MI

Answer 48

Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack)

Question 49

CVA

Answer 49

Cerebrovascular Accident (stroke)

Question 50

AMA

Answer 50

Against Medical Advice (Typically discharge)

Question 51

Terminally and Chronically Ill Patients

Answer 51

Hospice Care Palliative Care Loss of Autonomy

Question 52

Common fears of Terminally and Chronically Ill patients

Answer 52

Illness is punishment Burden to family Less valuable person Isolation

Question 53

Kubler-Ross Grieving Process

Answer 53

Denial: acting as if nothing is wrong/cannot deal with treatment decisions Anger: pts and family will act out their anger towards others Bargaining: pts and family accept reality and become open to suggestions for medical treatment Depression: Finally realizing impending loss Acceptance: final stage (aware of mortality)