Unit One: QA Flashcards
(124 cards)
1
Q
Medical doctor who interprets Radiographs in order to diagnose.
A
Radiologist
2
Q
Uses ionizing radiation to produce images.
A
Radiographer
3
Q
A radiographer who understands the “why” not just the “how”
A
Radiologic Technologist
4
Q
“Button Pusher” No degree.
A
X-ray Technician
5
Q
An assistant that is supervised by a radiologist, and requires a higher level of education.
A
Registered Radiologist Assistant (RRA)
6
Q
Physicians Assistant
A
PA
7
Q
An imaging technique using electromagnetic radiation
A
Radiography (R)
8
Q
Imaging of a pts organs after the introduction of radiopharmaceuticals
A
Nuclear Medicine (N)
9
Q
Radiation therapists administer radiation treatments to patients
A
Radiation Therapy (T)
10
Q
Most often used to diagnose osteoporosis
A
Bone Densitometry (BD)
11
Q
Recording of predetermined plane in the body using x-ray beams that are measured, recorded, and then processed by a computer.
A
Computed Tomography (CT)
12
Q
Main advantage of CT
A
High Resolution
13
Q
Main disadvantage of CT
A
High dose and cost for pt
14
Q
Visualization of structures by recording the reflections of high-frequency sound waves
A
Sonography (S)
15
Q
What is sonography imaging used for?
A
To see soft tissue swelling, fluid levels, and masses in the body.
16
Q
Uses a strong magnetic field and radio waves along w/ a computer to generate sectional images of pt anatomy, especially soft tissue.
A
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
17
Q
What are MRI images used for?
A
Organ and tissue studies, brain, muscles, tendons, etc. Soft tissues.
18
Q
Radiologic examinations of the breasts. Diagnoses breast cancer.
A
Mammography (M)
19
Q
Radiologic examinations of the cardiovascular system
A
Cardiovascular Interventional Technology (CV)
20
Q
Testing equipment to maintain the safety of pts. and productivity of equipment
A
Quality Management (QM)
21
Q
Primary Pathways
A
Radiography (R)
Nuclear Medicine (N)
Radiation Therapy (T)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Sonography (S)
22
Q
Post-Primary Pathways
A
Mammography (M)
Computed Tomography (CT)
Quality Management (QM)
Vascular Sonography (VS)
Breast Sonography (BS)
Bone Densitometry (BD)
Cardiovascular imaging (CV)
Cardiac Interventional (CI)
23
Q
JCAHO
A
Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations
24
Q
What type of accreditation is JCAHO?
A
Hospital Accreditation
25
JCERT
Joint Review Committee on Education in Radiologic Technology
26
What type of accreditation is JCERT?
Programmatic Accrediting Agency
27
ARRT
American Registry of Radiologic Technologists
28
What does the ARRT do?
Promotes high standards of patient care by recognizing qualified individuals in medical imaging, interventional procedures, and radiation therapy.
"The Big Test"
29
How many ARRT Code of Ethics are there?
11
30
Administered by the State of Florida once you have completed an accredited program and pass the ARRT exam.
State of Florida Licensure
31
ASRT
American Society of Registered Technologists
32
What is the ASRT?
Founded in 1920 as the most prominent national professional voice for radiologic technologists.
33
What type of organization is the ASRT?
Professional Organization
34
USNRC
United States Regulatory Commission
35
What type of agency is USNRC?
Regulatory agency
36
What does USNRC do?
The body that enforces the dose limits for both the general public and occupational workers
37
NCRP
National Council on radiation Protection and Measurements
38
What type of agency is NCRP?
Regulatory Agency
39
What does the NCRP do?
Charted by US congress in 1964, the NCRP makes the recommendations that the USNRC enforces through law
40
The _____ makes the laws for radiation dose, and the _____ enforces the laws.
The NCRP makes the laws for radiation dose, and the USNRC enforces the laws.
41
What type of agency is the FDA?
Regulatory Agency
42
What does the FDA Radiologic Health Program do?
Protects the public from hazardous or unnecessary radiation exposure from radiation-emitting electronic products.
43
EPA
Environmental Protection Agency
44
What type of agency is EPA?
Regulatory Agency
45
What does EPA do?
Sets limits on environmental radiation from the use of radioactive elements
46
OSHA
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
47
What type of agency is OSHA?
Regulatory Agency
48
What does OSHA do?
Has precautions that requires practices to take regard to employee safety with regard to radiology.
49
"CEU's"
Continuing education
50
What is required to maintain your state licensure and ARRT registration?
Continuing Education "CEU's"
51
How many CEU's are required per year to stay up to date?
12
52
Formats of CEU's?
ASRT
Workplace Availability
Independent Vendors
53
CQR
Continuing Qualification Requirements
54
About CQR:
Applies to any credentials you've earned after January 1, 2011, or if you are an RRA.
Completed every 10 years for each eligible discipline. You have 3 years to complete the process
ARRT notifies you when your window opens
The Structured Self-Assessment (SSA) is not a test - can't be failed.
Can use most CQR CE for your biennium CE
55
Employment Considerations:
Geographic Mobility
Skills needed everywhere
Travel opportunities
56
Employment considerations:
Workforce Needs
Stand out to be hired
School/Clinicals is a 2 year interview
57
Education advancement opportunities
Clinical Instructor
Clinical Adjunct
Assistant Professor (BA)
58
Administration advancement opportunities
Lead technologist
Department supervisor
Assistant Director (BA)
Director (Master's)
CEO
59
Radiology Organization:
Professional Personnel
Admin/Managers
Radiologists
Radiologic Technologists
Radiologic Assistants
Radiology Nurses
60
Radiology Organization:
Support Personnel
Information Technology Staff
Clerical Staff
Patient Transporters
61
Hospital
Full range of services
62
Clinics
Limited range of services
63
Hospice
End of life/Palliative Care
64
Outpatient Care
Simple procedures
65
Telemedicine
21st century care
66
How many patient identifiers do you need?
2
67
Procedure Orders:
2 Patient ID
Check that the right procedure was ordered.
Get patient history.
Confirm/Change order w/ ordering physician.
68
Responsibilities of Radiographers
Performing exams: Presence of mind
Patient Care/Assessment: Patient Awareness
Radiation protection guidelines: ALARA
Following practice standards
Assisting Radiologists
69
Patient/Radiographer Interactions
Interview/questions: Pt history
Chart/Requisition: double check orders
Wrist band
Know institution protocols
70
Procedure questions and explanations:
Positioning: get it right
Length of procedure: better over than under
Immobilization devices: know boundaries
Machine movement: talk to pt
Pt's family: include
71
WHO (World Health Organization) defined human health as a "state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity".
Health
72
Natural medicine that treats the whole health, not just physical.
Holistic medicine
73
A healthcare recipient who is ill or hospitalized
Patient
74
A recipient of healthcare regardless of their state of health.
"Customer or Consumers"
Client
75
Physical manifestations of symptoms that produce a condition
Physical health
76
Can be a significant part of a pt's state of health
Spiritual health
77
Cognitive abilites
Intellectual health
78
Emotional health
Family, friends, connections
79
Ability to understand and share the feelings of another
Empathy
80
Feelings of pity and sorrow for someone else's misfortune
Sympathy
81
Lack of interest, enthusiasm, or concern
Apathy
82
Freedom from external control or influence: independence.
Autonomy
83
Evaluation or estimation of the nature, quality, or ability of someone or something (collecting pt history)
Assessment
84
Maslow's Hierarchy of needs
1. Physiological Needs (Food, shelter, oxygen)
2. Safety and security
3. Need to be loved and give love
4. Self-Esteem (accepted by others)
5. Self-Actualization (creative, confident, successful)
85
Above all, do not harm.
Position for comfort and safety during exams.
Problem-Solving: Critical Thinking
Patient Safety
86
Physical Status
Emotional Status
Patient Comprehension
Cultural Diversity
Patient Assessment
87
Critical C's (9)
Compassion
Caring
Communication
Competence
Confidentiality
Compliance
Confidence
Charting
Critical Thinking
88
Patient dignity
Patient respect
Patient autonomy
Empathy
Compassion/Caring
89
Obtain pt history
Positioning skills
Knowledge of procedures
Exposure/technique skills
Equipment use
Critical thinking/Problem solving
Competence
90
Follow policy and procedure of the department and hospital
Work w/in scope of practice
Standard of care
Compliance
91
Patient interview/History
Obtain an accurate history for each exam
Radiologists need this info to help interpret images
Save time by taking history while prepping for exam
Chief complaint: primary medical problem determined by pt
92
Open-ended Q's: Let pt tell story
Facilitation (nod, "ok"): encourages elaboration
Silence: gives time for pt to remember
Probing Q's: Provides more detail
Repetition: clarifies info
Summarization: Verifies accuracy
Questioning skills
93
Localization
Chronology
Quality
Severity
Onset
Aggravating or Alleviating Factors
Associated Manifestations
Elements of Clinical History
94
Precise area of pt's complaint
Localization
95
Duration since onset, frequency, and course of symptoms
Chronology
96
Character of symptoms
Quality
97
Intensity, quantity, or extensiveness of the problem
Severity
98
What the pt was doing upon onset of symptoms
Onset
99
What makes it worse or better?
Aggravating/Alleviating Factors
100
Are other symptoms related to chief complaint?
Associated Manifestations
101
Become unconsciously competent to become confident
Confidence instills pt trust
Confidence
102
Privacy
HIPAA
Confidentiality
103
HIPAA
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
104
HIPPA Violations can lead to?
Terminations, disciplinary procedures, or jail.
105
Pt's chart is a legal document
Use blue/black ink
Initial entries
don't use whiteout - cross mistake w/ one line and initial
maintain confidentiality
Charting
106
Verbal: Clarity, tone of voice, avoid med. terms, pt fears
Non-verbal: body language, touch, listening
Flexibility/Adaptability
Communication
107
Most often considered therapeutic
Indicated for palpation of positioning, emotional support, emphasis of communication
*Beware of cultural differences
Touch
108
Show respect
Treat Equally
Be aware of verbal and non-verbal cues
Ask for clarification
Pantomime
Interpreter
Be assertive
Communicating with culturally diverse patients
109
Don't speak loud
Flashcards
Yes/No questions
Be patient
Use pad and pencil
Aphasic Patients
110
Be patient
Prepare for combative, disoriented, and agitated behavior.
Varies w/ drug
Chemically dependent patients
111
Address by name (no pet names)
Don't assume they can't hear
Takes more time for exam
Ask for clarification of instructions
Be aware of decubitus ulcers (bed sore)
Atrophy
Comfort and Safety
Fear of falling
Geriatric Patients
112
Modesty
Privacy
Parental involvement for consent
Young Adults/Teens
113
Get on eye level
Simplify language
Give toy
Parents can hold
Never say hurt
Pediatric Patients
114
Monitor, assess, evaluate
Never leave unattended
Avoid aspiration
Be aware of spinal injury
STAT (w/in 30 min)
Trauma Patients
115
Things to look for with trauma patients
Head injury
MVA
GSW
MI
CVA
AMA
116
Sort patients by injury and need of medical attention
Triage
117
MVA
Motor Vehicle Accident
118
GSW
Gunshot Wound
119
MI
Myocardial Infarction (heart attack)
120
CVA
Cerebrovascular Accident (stroke)
121
AMA
Against Medical Advice (discharge early)
122
Hospice Care
Palliative Care
Loss of Autonomy
Terminally and Chronically Ill Patients
123
Illness is Punishment
Burden to Family
Less Valuable Person
Isolation
Common fears of terminally and chronically ill patients
124
Kubler-Ross Grieving Process
Denial: Acting as if nothing is wrong/cannot deal with treatment decisions
Anger: pts and family will act out in anger towards others
Bargaining: pts and family accept reality and become open to suggestions for medical treatments
Depression: finally realizing impending loss
Acceptance: final stage (aware of mortality)
