Patterns of Inheritance Flashcards
(19 cards)
What does progeny mean?
Offspring or descendants of an organism
What does wild type mean?
Phenotype most commonly observed in the natural environment
What is a test cross?
Used to find out the genotype of a dominant organism, but crossing with a homozygous recessive individual
What is incomplete dominance?
When a heterozygote expresses a blend of two alleles
What is co-dominance?
When a heterozygote expresses both alleles equally
What is the annotation of co-dominance?
superscript letters/normal capitals
How is sex-linked inheritance written?
Superscript on the X
What is X-linked recessive inheritance?
Gene located on X chromosome. Unaffected allele is dominant
What is X-linked dominant inheritance?
Gene located on X chromosome. Unaffected allele is dominant
What is the pedigree symbol for male?
A square
What is a pedigree symbol for female?
A circle
What are the traits of autosomal recessive inheritance?
Able to skip generations, affects males and females equally
What are the traits of X-linked dominant inheritance?
Both males and females are affected. Does not skip generations. Affected sons must have affected mothers. Affected father will pass on trait onto all daughters
What are the traits of X-linked recessive inheritance?
Generation skips, affected females will have male offspring and affected fathers, males are more likely to be affected than females, females tend to be carriers
What is Y-Linked inheritance?
Traits found on Y chromosome.
What are the characteristics of Y-linked inheritance?
ALl affected males will pass onto sons, females unaffected, no carriers.
What is mtDNA?
DNA carried within the mitochondria. Only inherited from a mother
What are the traits of mitochondrial DNA?
Passed down the maternal line, passed from mother to all offspring
What is Sex Limited Inheritance?
Traits that can only be seen in one sex, turned off depending on the gender of an organism
