Patterns Of Reactivity

Question 1

What is the word equation for metals reacting with water?

Answer 1

Metal + water = metal hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 2

What is the word equation for metals when they react with acid?

Answer 2

Metal + acid = salt + hydrogen

Question 3

Which metal resists corrosion because it forms a protective oxide layer?

Answer 3

Aluminium

Question 4

What is the word equation between magnesium and sulphuric acid?

Answer 4

Magnesium + sulphuric acid = magnesium sulphate + hydrogen

Question 5

What is the chemical name for rust?

Answer 5

Hydrated iron oxide

Question 6

What are the 2 conditions needed for rusting

Answer 6

Water and oxygen

Question 7

What are ships built from?

Answer 7

Steel

Question 8

What is steel made from?

Answer 8

Iron

Question 9

Why would a car not rust in the desert?

Answer 9

There isn’t enough water to start the rusting process

Question 10

What is the word equation for rusting?

Answer 10

Iron + water + oxygen = hydrated iron oxide

Question 11

Why is gold not a good alternative to steel?

Answer 11

Because it is very expensive

Question 12

What is stainless steel made of?

Answer 12

Small amounts of chromium

Question 13

Name 3 metals which react when put in the sea

Answer 13

Steel, copper, aluminium

Question 14

What four methods are used to prevent iron from rusting?

Answer 14

Painting or oiling
Plastic coating
Galvanising
Sacrificial protection

Question 15

How does plastic coating work?

Answer 15

It prevents air and moisture reaching the iron

Question 16

What is galvanising?

Answer 16

When objects are coated with a more reactive metal such as zinc

Question 17

What is the cheapest method of preventing rust?

Answer 17

Painting or oiling

Question 18

What is the best way to prevent rust in a gate?

Answer 18

Painting

Question 19

What is the best way to prevent rust in the hull of a ship?

Answer 19

Sacrificial protection

Question 20

What is the best way to prevent machinery from rusting?

Answer 20

Galvanising

Question 21

What is the best way to prevent an iron nail from rusting?

Answer 21

Galvanising or oil

Question 22

What is the word equation for reacting metals with oxygen?

Answer 22

Metal + oxygen = metal oxide

Question 23

Why do metals tarnish?

Answer 23

When metals are cut, a shiny surface is exposed. After a few minutes the metal tarnishes because it has reacted with oxygen in the air

Question 24

What were the observations for when calcium reacted with water?

Answer 24

Sinks and rises, bubbles of gas, vigorous reaction

Question 25

What were the observations of when magnesium reacted with water?

Answer 25

Bubbles of gas, reacts slowly

Question 26

What were the observations of when copper reacted with water?

Answer 26

No reaction

Question 27

What were the observations when magnesium, iron and copper reacted with air?

Answer 27

Magnesium - burned with a bright white light Iron - orange sparks Copper - turns black

Question 28

Put all the metals in order of reactivity:

Answer 28

``` Potassium Sodium Lithium Calcium Magnesium Aluminium Zinc Iron Tin Lead Copper Silver Gold ```

Question 29

What is a displacement reaction?

Answer 29

A more reactive metal will displace a less reactive metal

Question 30

What is painting or oiling?

Answer 30

Regular painting or oiling provides a protective coating. This is a very cheap and easy way prevent rusting