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Role 1 > PC Toddlers & Preschools > Flashcards

PC Toddlers & Preschools Flashcards

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1
Q

gross motor skills

A

walking, running, stand on what foot

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2
Q

fine motor

A

pincer grasp to shapes

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3
Q

encoporesis

A

voluntary holding of stool

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4
Q

fluoride supplementation 0-3 years

A

0.25mg/ml

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5
Q

fluoride supplementation 3-6 years

A

0.50mg

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6
Q

fluoride supplementation 6-15 years

A

1.0mg

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7
Q

ASD screening

A

9, 18, 24 or 30 months

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8
Q

ASD kids have higher risk for which diseases?

A

asthma, eczema, GI disorder symptoms, sleep and seizure disorders

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9
Q

MCHAT done between which months for ASD patients?

A

18-24 months

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10
Q

<3 years old refer ASD diagnosis to where?

A

Health Department

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11
Q

> 3 years old refer ASD diagnosis to where?

A

Education Department

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12
Q

at what ages do we test for anemia

A

9-12 months, 18 months, 13 and 17 years old

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13
Q

Iron deficiency anemia treatment

A

ferrous sulfate 3-6 mg/kg/day in 2-3 divided dose

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14
Q

when should you recheck hgb after anemia treatment?

A

1 month, if Hgb increases than continue treatment for 5 months

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15
Q

how much milk should toddler have with anemia?

A

24 ounces/day

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16
Q

side effects of iron

A

stained teeth, dark stools and constipation

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17
Q

what should you take iron with?

A

vitamin c (Orange juice)

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18
Q

what do you need to rule out with Petechiae and purpura

A

all leukemia and meningococcemia

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19
Q

How does Hemophillia A-Factor VIII Deficiency effect aPTT?

A

it prolongs it

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20
Q

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura follow which kind of an infection in 2-5 year olds?

A

viral

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21
Q

what does Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura do to platelet count?

A

reduces it

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22
Q

Neisseria Meningitidis, streptococcus pneumoniae or haemophilus influenza are all conditions of?

A

Meningococcal disease

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23
Q

Roseola is cause by?

A

herpes virus 6

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24
Q

when does rash appear with roseola in regards to fever

A

rash erupts AFTER fever

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25
where does rash being with roseola and where does it end up?
it begins on trunk and spreads centrifugally (to extremities)
26
what does Roseola rash look like?
maculopapular lesions, diffuse, discrete, blanch, rose-colored
27
maculopapular lesions
flat red
28
Roseola treatment and when will it go away
symptomatic, will go away in 1-2 days
29
What is a rare complication of Roseola
febrile seizures
30
Erythema infectiosum
5ths disease
31
what causes 5th disease
Human parvovirus B19
32
Vertical or Horizontal transmission
vertical
33
where does rash appear for 5th disease
slap cheek appearance, then trunk then extremities
34
What does 5th disease rash look like?
Macular, lacy maculopapular trunk and extremities
35
What are rare complications of 5th disease
arthritis, hemolytic anemia, aplastic crisis
36
when can kids return to school?
during rash phase
37
treatment for 5th disease
supportive, NSAIDS
38
when does fever go away in relation to rash
it goes away after rash appears
39
what does measles rash look like?
maculopapular and koplik spots
40
what are complications of measles
pneumonia
41
treatment for measles
supportive
42
besides the rash, what other physical findings might you see with measles
cough, conjunctivitis, coryza ( inflammation of nose mucosa)
43
what does Varicella rash look like?
centripetal (moving toward center), vesicles, crops, different stages
44
where does a varicella rash start?
trunk
45
when do you diagnostic testing for varicella?
only in pregnancy
46
when can kid go back to school with varicella?
when vesicles crust
47
treatment for varicella?
supportive
48
what shouldnt you give to kids with varicella for supportive treatment?
ibuprofen or ASA
49
what canyou give an immunosuppressed child with varicella?
acyclovir
50
pastias lines
red lines in skin folds
51
which disease has pastias lines on exam?
scarlatina
52
complications of scarlatina
Rheumatic fever, PANDA, post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
53
With Impetigo if kid has 5 or more lesions and/or lesions on the face then what is the treatment
topical antibiotics (Bactriban) and oral antibiotics
54
what do lesions look like with impetigo
honey crusted lesions
55
antibiotics for impetigo
cephalexin, dicloxacillin, cloxicillan, erythromycin, septra, clindamycin, vanco, keflex
56
treatment for head lice
permethrin
57
scabies treatment
permethrin or ivermectin
58
how do you control the itch with scabies while doing the permethrin or ivermectin treatment?
antihistamines, NSAIDS, hydrocortisone
59
how long do you have to keep clothes in bag with scabies?
1 week
60
ring worm treatment and what should you take it with
griseogluvin, take with fatty meal or topicals for 4 weeks, selenium sulfide shampoo
61
what kind of testing should you do with eczema/atopic dermatitis
immunologic testing
62
steeple sign
found with croup on xray
63
how long does croup last?
5 days
64
croup treatment
cold air, nebulizer, dexamethasone
65
epiglottitis
medical emergency
66
epiglottitis s/s
high fever, stridor, drooling, hyperextension of neck, tripod positioning
67
epiglottitis diagnostics
blood culture, lateral neck xray
68
epiglottitis treatment
intubation, steriods, antibiotics

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