PCM Flashcards
what is gelling?
stiffness & limited motion after inactivity
what are some of the risk factors for chronic low back pain?
depression substance abuse low socioeconomic status past litigation previous LBP work dissatisfaction
what does choby says are effective treatments for low back pain?
tylenol, NSAIDs, muscle relaxants
heat & spinal manipulation reduce acute LBP
specific back exercises do help prevent recurrent LBP although they do not help acute pain
best approach=NSAIDs & heat during acute pain w/ activity as tolerated, followed by specific daily back exercises
how would you test the acromioclavicular joint?
do the mother truckin crossover test (adduct the pt’s arm across the chest)
carpal tunnel syndrome is often due to what kinds of repetitive motion?
repetitive motion with wrists flexed:
-keyboarding or mail sorting, pregnancy, RA, DM, hypothyroidism
what may be some the physical exam findings with carpal tunnel syndrome?
thenar atrophy, weakness of thumb abduction, sensory loss over median nerve supply
what are the tests for carpal tunnel syndrome?
Tinel’s sign
Phalen’s sign
decreased grip strength is caused by weakness of finger flexors or intrinsic hand muscles & can be seen in what 5 pathologies?
Dequervain's tenosynoviitis arthritis CTS epicondylitis cervical radiculopathy
Varus stress tests which knee ligament?
LCL
Valgus stress tests which knee ligament?
MCL
what is the mcmurray test?
tests for the medial meniscus tear:
valgus stress, external rotation & leg extension
________________ and locking make a medial meniscus tear 8.2 & 3.2 times more likely.
McMurray Sign
a forward jerk showing contours of upper tibia w/ ant. drawaer sign makes an ACL tear _____________x’s more likely
11.5
_______ injuries occur with hyperextension & direct blows to the knee or with twisting or landing on an extended hip or knee
ACL (significant forward excursion indicates ACL tear-LR increases by 17 if positive)
isolated PCL tears usually result from a blow to the____________________________
proximal tibia
what is hallux valgus?
lateral deviation of the great toe and enlargement of the head of the first metatarsal on the medial side
-bursa may become inflamed
which pts are more likely to be affected with hallux valgus?
women are 10xs more affected
what is the cause of a morton’s neuroma?
perineural fibrosis of the common digital nerve due to repetitive nerve irritation (not a true neuroma)
how would you diagnose a morton’s neuroma?
tenderness over plantar surface b/w the 3rd & 4th MT heads
-when plantar interspace is pressed & MTs squeezed w/ opposite hand, pain radiates to the toes
acute gout like on the big toe can often be mistaken for what?
cellulitis
name the pathology:______________ often produce pain in the heels, possibly bony outcroppings noted along the calcaneous or in the plantar fascia
heel spurs
what percentage of postmenopausal women sustain an osteoporotic fracture?
50%
- 25% develop vertebral fracture
- 15% fracture their hip
what percentage of men over 50 will have an osteoporosis related fracture?
25%
who should get screened for osteoporosis?
USPSTF recommends osteoporosis screening
- women >65 yrs
- younger women w/ fracture risk that exceeds that of a 65 y/o white female w/o additional risk factors
