PCM 2 Unit 3 Medical Chart Review (Lab Values) Flashcards
(33 cards)
What does WBC count measure?
This identifies the functional status of the immune system. WBC protect against infections and immune responses
What is the Normative Values for WBC?
5.0 -10.0 x 10^9/L
Abnormal WBC counts
What are the Lab Values when a patient has Leukocytosis?
> 11.0 x 10^9/L
- Critical Value > 50,000
Abnormal WBC counts
With Leukocytosis, what are the patient presentations/Sx? What are the Clinical Implications?
- Fever, malaise, lethargy, dizziness, weight loss, bruising, painful joints
Clinical Implications:
- Symptoms-based approach
- Decreased exercise tolerance
Abnormal WBC counts
What are the Lab Values of Leukopenia?
< 4.0 x 10^9/L
Abnormal WBC counts
With Leukopenia, what are the patient presentations/Sx? What are the Clinical Implications?
- Low grade fever, weakness, fatigue, headache
Clinical Implications:
- Symptoms-based approach
- Consider postponing with high infection
Abnormal WBC counts
What are the Lab Values of Neutropenia?
< 1.5 x 10^9/L
- Critical Value < 2000
Abnormal WBC counts
With Neutropenia, what are the patient presentations/Sx? What are the Clinical Implications?
- Low grade fever, skin abscesses, sore mouth, symptoms of pneumonia
Clinical Implication:
- Symptoms-based approach
- Neutropenic isolation precautions required
What does Hemoglobin (Hgb) measure?
Assesses anemia, blood loss, and fluid balance. Reflects the oxygen carrying component of RBC
What are the Normative Values of Hemoglobin for Male and Female?
Male: 14 - 17.4g/dL
Female: 12-16g/dL
Abnormal Hemoglobin count
What are the Lab Values of Polycythemia?
Critical Value > 20 g/dL
Abnormal Hemoglobin
With Polycythemia, what are the patient presentations/Sx? What are the Clinical Implications?
Orthostasis, dizziness, arrhythmia, seizure, angina
Clinical Implication:
- Critical high can lead to clogging capillaries
Abnormal Hemoglobin
What are the Lab Values of Anemia?
Critical Value < 6.5g/dL
Abnormal Hemoglobin
With Anemia, what are the patient presentations/Sx? What are the Clinical Implications?
Decreased endurance/activity intolerance, pallor, tachycardia
Clinical Implication:
- Critical low values can lead to heart failure or death
–Monitor SpO2
- < 8 symptoms-based approach
- 8-10 modify treatment to activity tolerance
What does Hematocrit (Hct) measure?
Assesses anemia, blood loss, and fluid balance
What are the Normative Hematocrit values for Males and Females?
Male: 42-52%
Female: 37-47%
Abnormal Hematocrit
What are the Lab Values of Polycythemia?
Critical Value > 60%
Abnormal Hematocrit
With Polycythemia, what are the patient presentations/Sx? What are the Clinical Implications?
Fever, headache, dizziness, weakness, fatigue, easy bruising
Clinical Implication:
- Critical high can lead to spontaneous clotting
Abnormal Hematocrit
What are the Lab Values of Anemia?
Critical Value < 25%
Abnormal Hematocrit
With Anemia, what are the patient presentations/Sx? What are the Clinical Implications?
Pale skin, headache, dizziness, arrhythmia, shortness of breath, cold hands/feet, chest pain
Clinical Implication:
- Critical low values < 15-20% cardiac failure or death
–Monitor SpO2
- < 25% symptoms-based approach, possible orthostatic hypotension
What do Platelets Measure?
Primary clotting process that allows for wound healing to start and bleeding to stop
What is the Normal Value for Platelets?
140-400 k/uL
Abnormal Platelet
What is the lab value of Thrombocytosis?
> 450 k/uL
Abnormal Platelet
With Thrombocytosis, what are the patient presentations/Sx? What are the Clinical Implications?
Weakness, headache, dizziness, chest pain, tingling in hands/feet
Clinical Implication
- Symptoms-based approach, caution potential venous thromboembolism