PD 3RD QUARTER REVIEWER Flashcards
(107 cards)
1
Q
a process in which a person reflects upon themselves, understands who they are, accepts what they discover about themselves, and learns(or unlearn) new sets of values, attitudes, behavior, and thinking skills to reach their fullest potential as human beings.
A
Personal Development
2
Q
focuses on image enhancement.
A
Personality Development
3
Q
the study of human thinking and behavior.
A
Psychology
4
Q
transition period between childhood and early childhood.
A
● Adolescence
5
Q
It is the essence of a person.
A
Self
6
Q
a set of characteristics that is unique and prevalent.
A
Personality
7
Q
disposition in a particular way, these are reaction tendencies that are somewhat permanent parts of personality.
A
Personality Trait
8
Q
A unique collection of several traits that tend to go together.
A
Personality Type
9
Q
covers the whole lifespan of human existence in relation to these three aspects of human development as:
a. Physical Development
b.Cognitive Development
c. Psychosocial Development
A
Personal Development and Human
Development
10
Q
it covers the growth of the body and the brain, motor, and sensory skills, and even physical health.
A
a. Physical Development
11
Q
it covers our capacity to learn, to speak, to understand, to reason, and to create.
A
b. Cognitive Development
12
Q
it includes our social interactions with other people, our emotions, attitudes, self-identity, personality, beliefs, and values.
A
c. Psychosocial Development
13
Q
Human development is also influenced by:
A
a. Heredity
b. Environment
c. Maturation
14
Q
these are the inborn traits passed on by the generations of off-springs from both sides of the biological parents’ families.
A
a. Heredity
15
Q
it is the world outside of ourselves and the experiences that result from our contact and interaction with this external world.
A
b. Environment
16
Q
It is the natural progression of the brain and the body that affects the cognitive, psychological, and social dimensions of a person.
A
c. Maturation
17
Q
(2)________ is a set of emotional qualities, ways of behaving, etc., that makes a person different from other people.
(3)_______ means belonging or relating to a particular person.
A
Personal Development and Personality Development
- Personality
- Personal
18
Q
includes image enhancement, such as skin care and make-up, fashion, and clothing, and even
body contouring, modeling, and beauty
pageants.
A
Personality Development
19
Q
are related to each other
A
Psychology and Personal Development
20
Q
is the study of human thinking and behavior and
serves as the foundation of Personal
Development
A
Psychology
21
Q
believes in the human capacity for improvement and goodness.
A
Positive and Humanistic Psychology
22
Q
Proponent of Humanistic Psychology
A
Abraham Maslow
23
Q
Five Stages of Human Development (Hierarchy of
Needs)
by ABRAHAM MASLOW
A
i. Self-Actualization
ii. Esteem
iii. Love/Belonging
iv. Safety
v. Physiological
24
Q
(1)_______ is the transition period between childhood and early childhood. It starts with the biological changes called (2))_______ wherein the physical body experiences growth spurts leading
toward physical maturity.
A
Personal Development in Adolescence
1. Adolescence
2. Puberty
25
a. Early Adolescence - ___ to ___ y/o
b. Middle Adolescence - ___ to ___ y/o
c. Late Adolescence - ___ to ___ y/o
A. 10 - 13
B. 14 - 16
C. 17 - 20
26
The “(1)_____” is the essence of a person: his (2)_____, (3)______ and (4)______, (5)_______, (6)______, (7)_____, (8)_______, and (9)_______.
1. Self
2. Thoughts
3. Feelings
4. Actions
5. Experiences
6. Beliefs
7. Values
8. Principles
9. Relationships
27
In philosophy, “(1)______” is the “(2)______” – the (3)______ of a person’s (4)_______. It is the (5)_______ agent responsible for a person’s (6)______ and (7)______.
1. Self
2. Being
3. Source
4. Consciousness
5. Intagible
6. Thoughts
7. Actions
28
(1)_______ Is a set of (2)______ that is (3)_____ and (4)______. It is the (5)_______ of one’s physical,psychological, cognitive, affective, and spiritualself.
It is generally defined as “the unique and relatively enduring traits of behaviors, feelings,thoughts, and motives that characterize an individual."
1. Personality
2. Characteristics
3. Unique
4. Prevalent
5. Embodiment
29
A _______ ______ is a disposition in a particular way, these are reaction tendencies that are somewhat permanent parts of personality.
Personality trait
30
developed a categorized scheme that described personality which they called the Big Five.
Costa and McRae (1992)
31
the Big Five
Openness
Conscientiousness
Extroversion
Agreeableness
Neuroticism
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imagination, feelings, actions, ideas
Openness
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competence, selfdiscipline, thoughtfulness, goal-drive
Conscientiousness
34
sociability, assertiveness, emotional expression.
Extroversion
35
cooperative, trustworthy, good-natured
Agreeableness
36
tendency toward unstable emotions
Neuroticism
37
A _______ ______ can be understood as a unique
collection of several traits that tend to go together. It is an integrated collection of personality traits that tend to characterize an individual.
Personality type
38
incorporating the concept of holism or
the idea that the whole is more than merely the
sum of its parts, in theory or practice.
Holistic
39
the improvement of one’s knowledge, status, or character by one’s own
efforts.
Self-improvement
40
the process of learning more about yourself and who you are.
Self-discovery
41
The Various Aspects of Holistic Development of
Persons
Physiological
Cognitive
Psychological
Social
Spiritual
42
the physical aspect or attributes that we see in a person; this includes bodily functions and the five basic senses.
Physiological
43
the intellectual functions of the
mind: thinking, recognizing, reasoning,
analyzing, projecting, synthesizing, recalling,
and assessing.
Cognitive
44
how thinking, feeling, and behaving interact and happen in a person.
Psychological
45
how an individual interacts with other
people or groups.
Social
46
the attribute of a person’s beliefs
and consciousness, including values and
virtues that put meaning in a person’s life.
Spiritual
47
These are physiological and biological related needs such as hunger and thirst.
Basic Drives
48
These are the various emotional experiences such as emotions and moods
Affect
49
(1)______ is taken from the Latin word
“(2)______”, which means to move or to be upset or agitated. It is a level of (3)______ which is usually due to external (4)_______.
1. Emotion
2. Movare
3. Arousal
4. Stimuli
50
(1)_______arise from the brain as it interprets
an (2)______, which is usually caused by physical
(3)______ experienced by the (4)______ as a (5)______ to a certain (6)______ stimulus.
1. Feelings
2. Emotion
3. sensations
4. Body
5. Reaction
6. External
51
is a person’s thoughts, feelings, and
emotions towards a person, object, idea, behavior,or situation.
Attitude
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is the manifestation of the attitude an individual has.
Behavior
53
is the system of belief that adheres to the
highest ideals of human existence. These ideals
create meaning in one’s life
Values
54
are usually adjectives that describe positive
and desirable qualities which usually mirror the
value it represents.
Virtues
55
the process of maturing or evolving.
Development
56
more formal or specialized synonym
for "baby", the very young offspring of a human
Infancy
57
the period in the human lifespan in
which full physical and intellectual maturity have
been attained
Adulthood
58
the age span ranging from birth to
puberty
Childhood
59
a turning point where each person
faces a struggle to attain a specific psychological
quality.
Conflict
60
the concept of an individual about
himself
Identity
61
the period during which growing boys or
girls undergo the process of sexual maturation.
Puberty
62
According to (1) _____ ________, an individual’s life and development may be divided into (2)____ stages, each with different (3)_____ or (4)______ that must be resolved. Failure to (5)______ the conflict will subsequently affect (6)____ stages.
1. Erik Erickson
2. Eight (8)
3. Conflict
4. Crises
5. Resolve
6. Future
63
Erick Erikson’s Psychosocial Developmental Stage
- Infancy
- Early Childhood
- Late Childhood
- School Age
- Adolescence
- Young Adulthood
- Adulthood
- Maturity / Old Age
64
the period of transition between
childhood and adulthood. Children who are
entering adolescence are going through many
changes in physical, intellectual, personality, and
social development
Adolescence
65
refers to an individual's sense of his
or her value or worth, or the extent to which a
person values, approves of, appreciates, prizes, or likes him or herself.
Self-esteem
66
any association between people
amounting to mutual familiarity, mutual awareness of one another's identities, and meaningful understanding of their relations to one another.
Relationship
67
a person's principles or standards of
behavior; one's judgment of what is important in
life.
Values
68
generally defined as convictions that
things held in the mind are true.
Belief
69
body image is a person’s perception of the physical aspects of the self.
Concern for Body Image
70
is a body condition characterized by having too much body fat.
Obesity
71
are psychological conditions characterized by having extreme disturbances in eating
habits.
Eating Disorders
72
This type of eating disorder is characterized by
refusal to eat.
Anorexia Nervosa
73
This eating disorder
is characterized by frequent
episodes of out-of-control eating
Bulimia Nervosa
74
sleep disorders
Irregularity in Sleep Patterns
75
refers to the trouble a
person experiences in falling or
staying asleep
Insomnia
76
is a type of sleep
syndrome characterized by
excessive sleepiness during the day
and disruption of sleep at night.
Narcolepsy
77
is a type of sleep disorder characterized by brief interruptions of breathing during sleep. It is derived from the Greek
word apnea, which means “want to breathe.”
Sleep apnea
78
Greek word (1)_______, which means “________ ____ _________.”
1. Apnea
2. Want to breathd
79
Cognitive Development Challenges
- Thinking, Learning, and Problem Solving
- Interpersonal Perspective Taking
- Idealism and Commitment to Social Causes
- Learning through Success and Failure
80
Psychosocial Development Challenges
- Increase in Intensity of Emotions
- Peak of Parent-Child Control Disagreements
- Peer group as Focal Point of Interest
- Sexual interest, Curiosity, Experimentation,
and Partnership
- Substance abuse
81
things, situations, or even people that
trigger stress.
Stressors
82
a product of the activity of the cells
that go around through our body fluids (such as
blood)
Hormones
83
a group of cells located in the
kidney that secretes hormones responsible for
stimulating a fight-or-flight reaction of the body
including increased heart rate and respiration
(sweating).
Adrenal Gland
84
steroid hormones, it helps us regulate
stress within the body. It is made in the adrenal
glands.
Cortisol
85
a hormone that helps keep
blood pressure at a constant level, especially if it
falls too low. (Cambridge Dictionary)
Norepinephrine
86
a part of the brain responsible
for controlling our response to dangerous,
frightening, or challenging situations.
Prefrontal cortex
87
(1)______ reaction of the (2)_____ and (3)______ to a stimulus that (4)_______ the (5)______, state of (6)______, or (7)________ of a person. (8)______ and (9)_______ amounts of stress can be (10)______ and (11)_______ to individuals, while (12)______ amounts of stress sustained over a (13)_____ period can be (14)______ to both (15)_______ and (16)_______ health.
1. Stress
2. Mind
3. Body
4. Disturbs
5. Well-being
6. Calm
7. Equilibrium
8. Small
9. Sporadic
10. Helpful
11. Beneficial
12. Excessive
13. Lengthy
14. Destructive
15. Physical
16. Mental
88
As a (1)______, (2)_______ is caused by (3)_______ that may be life threatening or life-changing, such as separation, moving into a new home, or having a new job. These (4)______ and (5)_______ are called (6)______.
1. Stimulus
2. Stress
3. Situations
4. Events
5. Situations
6. Stressors
89
Short and sporadic stress can propel a person to a necessary action. These stresses can motivate,
energize, and spur an action.
Healthy Stress
90
______ is a very important mechanism in dealing
with stress. It can be problem-focused, when
remedies or solutions are thought of to change the situation to lessen the stress, or emotion-focused, when the objective is to lessen the emotional impact caused by the stressful situation.
Coping
91
one of two half of the sphere, therefore, cerebral hemisphere refers to one of the sides of the brain.
Hemisphere
92
also called left brain dominant,
which is responsible for reasoning skills
Linear Brain
93
also called right brain dominant,
which is responsible for creativity and aesthetic
purposes.
Artistic Brain
94
the fundamental units of the brain and
nervous system.
Neurons
95
a region in the brain said to be
unique in mammals. In humans, it is said to be
responsible for being rational or reasoning ability.
Neocortex
96
a word description related to the
characteristics of a reptile, or something.
treacherous or aggressive. In the context of our
lesson, the reptilian cortex will mean as the portion
of the brain responsible for sensing danger,
aggressiveness control, and survival instincts
Reptilian
97
a group of structures below the
cerebral cortex that are concerned especially with
emotion and motivation
Limbic System
98
a scientifically acceptable general
principle or body of principles offered to explain a
Phenomenon.
Theory
99
(1)______ ____ conducted a study on the
(2)________ and (3)_____ _____ _____ specialization
on a patient who had problems with
language then theorized that language
functions reside in the left side of the brain.
1. Paul Broca
2. Language
3. Left right brain
100
(1)______ ______ _____ - (2)__. ______ _____
conducted a study for (3)_____ (____ ______
_____ _____ ______ ___ _____). He
explained that the left and right side of the
brain has (4)______ functions. The (5)______ _______ of the brain is for tasks that are more intuitive, creative, and synthesizing while the (6)______ ______ of the brain is for functions such as analytical, logical, reasoning, and critical thinking.
1. Split Brain Theory
2. Dr. Roger Sperry
3. Epilepsy (1981 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine)
4. Different
5. Left hemisphre
6. Right hemisphere
101
(1)______ _____ ____ - (2)___ _____ _____
came up with a theory that identified (3)_____
distinct parts of the Brain – (4)________
, (5)______, (6)______
1. Triune Brain Theory
2. Dr. Paul McLean
3. Three (3)
4. Neocortex
5. Limbic System
6. Reptilian Cortex
102
intellectual tasks (language,
planning, abstraction, and
perception)
Neocortex or the rational brain
103
motivation, and emotion
(feeding, reproductive behavior,
and parental behavior)
Limbic System or the intermediate brain
104
controls the self-preservation and aggressive behavior of humans similar to the survival instincts of the animals
Reptilian Cortex or the primitive brain
105
(1)____ _____ ______ - American
creative researcher and author, (2)_____ ______ studied that the human body
does not function (3)_______. People normally
have a more (4)_______ body part. He
extended his theory to the (5)_____ in which he
concluded that the brain has (6)______ parts –
_______________, and the ___________ He is
regarded as the “Father of __________ _______ _______”.
1. Brain Dominance Theory
2. Ned Herrmann
3. Equally
4. Dominant
5. Brain
6. Four (4)
7. Upper left and right hemisphere
8. Lower left and right limbic halves
9. Brain dominace technology
106
“Father of Brain Dominance Technology”.
Ned Herrmann
107
(1)_____ _____ is a diagram developed by (2)_____ _____ used to (3)______ ideas or information (4)_______ from a (5)______ keyword or idea and used as an (6)______ in study, organization, problem-solving, decision
making, and writing.
1. Mind mapping
2. Tony Buzan
3. Represent
4. Branching
5. Central
6. Aid
