PE component 1.1

Question 1

What is the musculo-skeletal system made up of?

Answer 1

Muscles and bones

Question 2

Name the 5 functions of the skeleton

Answer 2

1. Protection of vital organs
2. Muscle attachment
3. Joints for movement
4. Platelet, red and white blood cell production
5. Storage of calcium and phosphorus

Question 3

How does the skeleton protect vital organs in sport

Answer 3

The hard bones of the skeleton protect vital organs from being damaged. For example if a ball hits a person’s chest the ribs protect the heart and lungs

Question 4

Give two examples of bones that protect vital organs

Answer 4

Cranium protects the brain

Ribs protect the heart and lungs

Question 5

Why is it important the skeleton allows muscle attachment?

Answer 5

Muscles need to attach to bones (via tendons) so that when they contract movement can occur

Question 6

Platelets are needed for…

Answer 6

Clotting the blood. It is platelets that form a scab when you cut yourself

Question 7

There are 4 different classification of bones. What are they?

Answer 7

1. Long
2. Short
3. Flat
4. Irregular

Question 8

Name three long bones

Answer 8

Femur
Phalanges
Humerus
Ulna
Radius
Tibia
Fibula

Question 9

Name two short bones

Answer 9

Carpals (wrist)

Tarsals (foot)

Question 10

Name three flat bones

Answer 10

Cranium
Patella
Scapula
Sternum
Clavicle

Question 11

Name the main group of irregular bones

Answer 11

Vertebrae

Question 12

What is a joint?

Answer 12

Where two or more bones meet and therefore movement can occur

Question 13

Name the four different types of joints

Answer 13

1. Hinge
2. Ball and socket
3. Pivot
4. Condyloid

Question 14

Name the 1 pivot joint in the body

Answer 14

Neck - atlas and axis

Question 15

Name the 3 hinge joints in the body

Answer 15

Elbow
Knee
Ankle

Question 16

Name the 2 ball and socket joints in the body

Answer 16

Shoulder

Hip

Question 17

Name the 1 condyloid joint in the body

Answer 17

Wrist

Question 18

What movements are possible at a hinge joint?

Answer 18

Flexion

Extension

Question 19

What movements are possible at a ball and socket joint?

Answer 19

Flexion
Extension
Rotation
Adduction
Abduction
Circumduction

Question 20

What movements are possible at a condyloid joint?

Answer 20

Flexion
Extension
Adduction
Abduction

Question 21

What movement is possible at a pivot joint?

Answer 21

Rotation

Question 22

Dorsi flexion is…

Answer 22

Movement at the ankle where the toes are moving towards the tibia

Question 23

Plantar-flexion is..

Answer 23

Movement at the ankle where the toes are being moved downwards. Often seen as the pointing of toes

Question 24

Rotation is…

Answer 24

Movement all around a single point

Question 25

Bones are connected together by...

Answer 25

Ligaments

Question 26

Muscles are connected to bones by...

Answer 26

Tendons

Question 27

Name the three types of muscle

Answer 27

Involuntary Voluntary Cardiac

Question 28

Name the four antagonistic pairs of muscles you need to know?

Answer 28

Bicep and Tricep Hamstring and Quadricep Gastrocnemius and Tibialis Anterior Hip Flexor and Gluteals

Question 29

Which muscle works antagonistically with the hip flexor

Answer 29

Gluteals

Question 30

Which muscle works antagonistically with the gluteals

Answer 30

Hip flexor

Question 31

Which muscle works antagonistically with the tibialis anterior

Answer 31

Gastrocnemius

Question 32

Which muscle works antagonistically with the gastrocnemius

Answer 32

Tibialis anterior

Question 33

What movement is caused when the bicep contracts?

Answer 33

Flexion at the elbow

Question 34

What movement is caused when the triceps contracts?

Answer 34

Extension at the elbow

Question 35

What movement is caused when the deltoid contracts?

Answer 35

Moves the shoulder. Abduction and rotation

Question 36

What movement is caused when the Pectoralis major contracts?

Answer 36

Adducts the arm at the shoulder

Question 37

What movement is caused when the Latissimus dorsi contracts?

Answer 37

Adducts and extends the arm at the shoulder

Question 38

What movement is caused when the gluteals contract?

Answer 38

Extend the leg at the hip

Question 39

What movement is caused when the hip flexors contract?

Answer 39

Flex the leg at the hip

Question 40

What movement is caused when the quadriceps contract?

Answer 40

Extension at the knee

Question 41

What movement is caused when the gastrocnemius contracts?

Answer 41

Plantar-flexion at the ankle

Question 42

What movement is caused when the tibialis anterior contracts?

Answer 42

Dorsi-flexion at the ankle