PE exam 2 Flashcards by celine obeid

Name the three types of muscle tissue and explain their purpose

Smooth muscles are sometimes also called involuntary muscles and they are usually in sheets, or layers, with one layer of muscle behind the other. You can’t control this type of muscle. Your brain and body tell these muscles what to do without you even thinking about it. You can’t use your smooth muscles to make a muscle in your arm or jump into the air.
The muscle that makes up the heart is called cardiac muscle. It is also known as the myocardium. The thick muscles of the heart contract to pump blood out and then relax to let blood back in after it’s circulated through the body.

Just like smooth muscle, cardiac muscle works all by itself with no help from you. A special group of cells within the heart are known as the pacemaker of the heart because it controls the heartbeat.

Skeletal muscles are voluntary muscles, which means you can control what they do. Your leg won’t bend to kick the soccer ball unless you want it to. These muscles help to make up the musculoskeletal— the combination of your muscles and your skeleton, or bones.

Together, the skeletal muscles work with your bones to give your body power and strength. In most cases, a skeletal muscle is attached to one end of a bone. It stretches all the way across a joint (the place where two bones meet) and then attaches again to another bone

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What four parts do arteries and veins have in common?

Endothelium, tunica adventitia, tunica intima, tunica media

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How many pints of blood does the human body contain?

Ten

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What is the rate of red blood cell formation in the human body?

2 million per second

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What is the purpose of the cardiovascular system?

The cardiovascular system of the human body has one distinct job; that is to pump the blood to the different parts of the body.

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What is the purpose of each of the four major organs of the cardiovascular system?

The purpose of the four major organs are:

Epiglottis - the flap of cartilage lying behind the tongue and in front of the entrance to the larynx. At rest it allows air to pass through the larynx and into the rest of the respiratory system. During swallowing, it folds back to cover the entrance to the larynx, preventing food and drink from entering the windpipe.
Trachea - begins immediately below the larynx and runs down the center of the front part of the neck and ends behind the upper part of the sternum. Also known as the windpipe, the trachea is the passageway for air entering and leaving the lungs.
Lungs – exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide gasses in the air sacs or alveoli. Air is inhaled through the nose and mouth and travels down into the alveoli, where the oxygen enters the bloodstream and the carbon dioxide leaves the bloodstream and returns through the lungs to be exhaled from the body.
Heart – the pumping system which takes in deoxygenated blood from the veins, delivering it to the lungs for oxygenation and then pumping it into various arteries to be transmitted to where it is needed throughout the body for energy. The heart is about the size of a fist.

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What is the purpose of the endocrine system?

The endocrine system is the system that controls the body by using hormones to stimulate the metabolic activities of the cells.

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What are the “chemical messengers” that help the endocrine system carry out the physiological processes?

Hormones

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Richard was listening to his teacher lecture in Biology class. The teacher was using a digital presentation but Richard could not read all of the slides. Some of them seem blurry or distorted. What eye condition might Richard be experiencing?

a. Myopia (nearsightedness)
b. Hyperopia (farsightedness)
c. Presbyopia (aging eyes)
d. Astigmatism (distorted vision)

d. Astigmatism (distorted vision)

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Kayla has been having trouble seeing the street signs as she is driving. Last week she missed the turn to go to her friend’s house. What eye condition might Kayla be experiencing?

a. Myopia (nearsightedness)
b. Hyperopia (farsightedness)
c. Presbyopia (aging eyes)
d. Astigmatism (distorted vision)

a. Myopia (nearsightedness)

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Graciela loves to do needle point. Lately she is going slower and slower because she cannot see well. She is worried that she will not be able to finish her cross-stitch project in time for her mom’s birthday. What eye condition might Graciela be experiencing?

a. Myopia (nearsightedness)
b. Hyperopia (farsightedness)
c. Presbyopia (aging eyes)
d. Astigmatism (distorted vision)

b. Hyperopia (farsightedness)

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Since Fatima has turned 50 years old, she is having more trouble with her eyes. In order to read the morning newspaper she has to hold it out away from her. What eye condition might Fatima be experiencing?

a. Myopia (nearsightedness)
b. Hyperopia (farsightedness)
c. Presbyopia (aging eyes)
d. Astigmatism (distorted vision)

c. Presbyopia (aging eyes)

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If you have a condition known as tinnitus, what part of your body is affected?

a. Eyes
b. Mouth
c. Teeth
d. Ears

d. Ears

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Nathan has been falling down lately. It seems that he cannot keep his balance. What part of Nathan’s body could be affected?

a. The cornea of the eye.
b. The semicircular canals of the ear.
c. The cortex of the brain.
d. The valves in the heart.

b. The semicircular canals of the ear.

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Why is it important to protect your ears from extremely loud noises?

a. Loud noises can cause permanent hearing loss.
b. Loud noises can increase the amount of wax in your ears in order to protect the ear.
c. Loud noises can cause the eardrum to swell.
d. Loud noises can cause osteoporosis of the ear.

a. Loud noises can cause permanent hearing loss.

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Tao went to the beach and forgot to use sunscreen, which resulted in sunburn. His skin was red and painful to touch. What layer of the skin did the sunburn affect?

a. Dermis
b. Hypodermis
c. Epidermis
d. Hyperdermis

c. Epidermis

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Bryan weighs 210 pounds and is 5’3” tall. If he continues to gain weight and not exercise properly, what might occur?

a. He might develop miopia.
b. He might develop Attention Deficit Disorder.
c. He might develop hypertension.
d. He might develop AIDS.

c. He might develop hypertension.

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I am a nutrient that helps to repair or replace healthy cell and tissues in the body. What am I?

a. Fiber
b. Carbohydrate
c. Protein
d. Fat

c. Protein

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If you are having trouble with your digestive tract (constipation), what should you increase in your diet?

a. Dietary fiber
b. Carbohydrate
c. Protein
d. Fat

a. Dietary fiber `

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I am a nutrient that is needed to carry and store vitamins for the body. What am I?

a. Dietary fiber
b. Carbohydrate
c. Protein
d. Fat

d. Fat

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Adriana wants to keep her eyes healthy. What vitamin should she add to her diet?

a. Vitamin A
b. Vitamin B
c. Vitamin C
d. Vitamin D

a. Vitamin A

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I am a mineral that strengthens your bones and teeth. What am I?

a. Vitamin D
b. Vitamin B12
c. Iron
d. Calcium

d. Calcium

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How do you calculate Body Mass Index (BMI)?

a. Height in inches divided by weight in pounds squared and multiplied by 703.
b. Weight in pounds divided by the height in inches squared and multiplied by 703.
c. Height in inches squared divided by 703 and then subtracted from the weight in pounds.
d. Height in inches divided by 703 squared and multiplied by weight in pounds.

b. Weight in pounds divided by the height in inches squared and multiplied by 703.

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Rachel has a BMI of 28. Should she be concerned about her health?

a. Yes, because being overweight can cause heart disease.
b. No, because all of her friends have a high BMI as well.
c. No, because she has no symptoms.
d. Yes, because a high BMI will cause cancer.

a. Yes, because being overweight can cause heart disease.

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Your friend has always thought that she was fat. Lately you have noticed that she has become more obsessed than usual about how much she weighs. She is becoming extremely thin. What disease might your friend be suffering from? a. Bulimia Nervosa b. Anorexia Nervosa c. Cancer d. Binge Eating

b. Anorexia Nervosa

While at cheerleading camp, you saw one of the girls on your team making herself vomit in the bathroom after lunch. What disease might she be suffering from? a. Bulimia Nervosa b. Anorexia Nervosa c. Cancer d. Binge Eating

a. Bulimia Nervosa

What keeps the food that is swallowed from entering the trachea? a. Esophagus closes after swallowing. b. Pharynx opens up to allow the food to pass through. c. Larynx is pulled upward to meet the epiglottis. d. Trachea opens up to allow the food to pass through.

c. Larynx is pulled upward to meet the epiglottis.

In what organ of the digestive system does the bulk of the digestive process take place? a. Large intestine b. Small intestine c. Stomach d. Esophagus

b. Small intestine

Which of the following is not a function of the colon? a. Absorbs water b. Manufactures hormones c. Produces mucous d. Forms and expels feces

b. Manufactures hormones

Which of Maslow's needs is represented by having enough food to eat? a. Physiological needs b. Social needs c. Safety needs d. Esteem needs

a. Physiological needs

It is important for children to feel good about themselves. Which of the following is the best experience to lead to a healthy self-esteem in children? a. New clothes and toys b. Going on great vacations c. Being praised and listened to d. Having a big birthday party

c. Being praised and listened to

Which of Maslow's basic needs is not being met when a child displays insecurity? a. Physiological needs b. Social needs c. Safety needs d. Esteem needs

c. Safety needs

Which of the following symptoms is best described as a sign of behavioral stress? a. Chest pain b. Forgetfulness c. Tooth grinding d. Overeating

d. Overeating

Which of the following symptoms is best described as a sign of stress on the body? a. Chest pain b. Forgetfulness c. Increased smoking d. Overeating

a. Chest pain

``` Which of Maslow's needs is represented by the need to give and receive love? a. Physiological needs b. Social needs c. Safety needs d, Esteem needs ```

b. Social needs

Which of the following is an example of distress? a. Participating in a tennis tournament b. Running three miles after school c. Attending dance lessons d. Suffering from chronic back pain

d. Suffering from chronic back pain

What are the five steps to getting started with an exercise program?

1. Assess your fitness level 2. Design your fitness program 3. Assemble your equipment 4. Get started 5. Monitor your progress

Why is it important to assess your fitness level?

By assessing and recording baseline fitness scores it can give you benchmarks against which to measure your progress.

Once you get started with your program, what are five things that you can do to remember as you exercise?

``` Start slowly and build up gradually. Break things up if you have to. Be creative. Listen to your body. Be flexible. ```

At what point in your fitness program should you reassess your fitness levels?

Retake your personal fitness assessment six weeks after you start your program and then again every few months.

List the areas that you need to include in your fitness plan.

``` Consider your fitness goals. Create a balanced routine. Start low and progress slowly. Build activity into your daily routine. Plan to include different activities. Try high-interval intensity training. Allow time for recovery. Put it on paper. ```

What are the five components of physical fitness?

``` cardiorespiratory endurance muscular strength muscular endurance flexibility body composition ```

Mercedes' mother died a year ago, but Mercedes just can't seem to move on. She is still having a hard time sleeping at night, and concentrating in school. Last week, I even caught Mercedes crying in the bathroom. What do you think Mercedes could be suffering from? What advice would you give Mercedes' friend? What advice would you give Mercedes? Mental Disorder: Advice:

She is excessively grieving and has depression. She has been grieving four months or longer, she is crying, she is unable to do her daily activities (concentrating in school), and she is having trouble sleeping. I would talk to her as a friend and let her know I was there for her and that I would help her find a support group. I would encourage her to speak to the school nurse or a therapist to identify what is keeping her from moving forward. I would also alert someone in her family.

Greg is in 10th grade and constantly worried about becoming ill. Just the other day, Greg left school during 4th period in order to go to the doctor for a spot on his arm that he thought might be cancer. Greg has been to three different doctors insisting that his spot is cancer. So far, every doctor has told Greg that the spot is just fine. What do you think Greg is suffering from? What advice would you give Greg? Mental Disorder: Advice:

Hypochondriac is the mental disorder. He is preoccupied with body functions and misinterprets minor abnormalities and assumes they are cancer- a major medical threat. When doctors seek to reassure him, he doesn't believe them, gets more anxious, and goes to another doctor and insists he has cancer. I would tell him to try to disrupt the cycle. Try to validate him that he does have symptoms but assuring him that nothing is wrong. Then, suggest he do psychological work like cognitive behavioral therapy.

Samir is constantly worried about catching colds. In fact, Samir washes his hand just about 20 times a day. When asked, Samir says that he can't afford to be sick, and then goes into a lecture about how many germs there are around. Sometimes, Samir washes his hands so much that they bleed. What disorder do you think Samir is suffering from? What advice would you give Samir? Mental Disorder: Advice:

OCD is the mental disorder. (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder) Samir is fearful of germs and contamination to the extent that he washes his hands so often they bleed. He does not appear to be able to control his irrational thoughts or actions. I would recommend Samir see a specialist in OCD. I would also tell him that in the meantime, he should avoid situations that trigger his hand washing.

Jamal is a junior this year. Lately, Jamal stays to himself. He doesn't seem to talk with any of his friends. He's constantly anxious, and worried that others are following him. Sometimes, Jamal tells me about things that he sees. It almost sounds like he's daydreaming, but not really. I'm not sure what's going on with Jamal, but I'm really worried about him. What do you think that Jamal is suffering from? What advice would you give him? Mental Disorder: Advice:

Schizophrenia is the mental disorder although his symptoms seem to be more like an adult reaction to the disorder. He is delusional, is having hallucinations, and is disorganized in his thoughts because he daydreams. I would tell him I was concerned for him and recommend he see a doctor. I would do this even if he thinks he doesn't need one and I would offer to help him find the right doctor.

Ming is my best friend. We both play volleyball together. We've been playing volleyball together since 7th grade. I've noticed that every winter Ming withdraws from her friends and always seems sad. Every winter, I think that it's me and that I've done something to Ming to upset her. Once spring hits, Ming slowly returns to her "normal" self. What do you think Ming could be suffering from? What advice would you give Ming? Mental Disorder: Advice:

SAD is the mental disorder (seasonal affective disorder) since it starts and stops about the same time during the season. Advice would be to have their mom get a light that simulates natural daylight or get professional phototherapy and consider medications.

List the six components of health.

``` Physical health Emotional health Social health Mental health Spiritual health Environmental health ```

Identify the four things that influence your health.

Heredity Social Cultural Environmental

List the six inherited traits.

``` Skin Color Eye Color Hair Color Body type and size Growth Patterns The likelihood of getting certain diseases ```

Marylu and Kirsten had a disagreement about what to do Saturday night. Marylu wanted to go to the movies; Kirsten wanted to go to a party. Both left angry. The next afternoon, Marylu called Kirsten. Marylu wanted to resolve this conflict. How could she best do this? a. Use "you" messages. b. Communicate at an information-giving level c. Separate the issue of friendship. d. Use "I" messages.

d. Use "I" messages.

It was the second time Tevan and Alexi had gone out on a date. Tevan told Alexi how much he loved her and that he wanted to show her he meant this by making love to her. Alexi looked Tevan directly in the eyes and told him that she was not ready to become sexually intimate. Tevan insisted that she was really playing hard to get. Which statement best represents the type of communication that took place between Tevan and Alexi? a. Tevan was using active listening skills. b. Tevan was sending mixed messages. c. Alexi was verbally and nonverbally resisting pressure. d. Alexi was using "you" messages.

c. Alexi was verbally and nonverbally resisting pressure.

If your boyfriend or girlfriend tries to pressure you into sexual intimacy and you don't feel you want to be intimate, you should a. feel guilty if you say no. b. remember that you have the right to refuse sexual intimacy at any time for any reason. c. keep in mind that if you say no you may lose your boyfriend or girlfriend. d. wonder if something is wrong with you.

b. remember that you have the right to refuse sexual intimacy at any time for any reason.

The process of hearing the words of the speaker and clarifying anything that they said is called a. nonverbal communication. b. active listening. c. mixed messages. d. "you" and "I" messages.

b. active listening.

Vijay's grandmother has Alzheimer's disease. His grandfather has been taking care of her, but he is finding this task to be more and more difficult as the grandmother's condition worsens. Vijay's grandmother does not recognize family members, often gets violent, and has lost bladder control. Vijay's grandmother might get the care she best needs by a. having a visiting nurse three days a week. b. moving in with Vijay's family. c. moving to a retirement community. d. moving into a nursing home.

d. moving into a nursing home.

The most important key to being a good parent is a. being able to support your children financially. b. enforcing strict discipline. c. being emotionally mature. d. taking responsibility for your children's education.

c. being emotionally mature.

Brianna is sick with the flu. Her mother has stayed home from work to be with her until Brianna is well enough to return to school. Brianna's mother is hoping to fulfill the function of a. meeting basic physical needs. b. providing emotional support. c. providing structure. d. meeting social needs.

a. meeting basic physical needs.

Jason has two older brothers. One is married. The other is in college. Next month, Jason will start college, too. Jason's family is in the stage known as the a. beginning stage. b. parenting stage. c. empty-nest stage. d. retirement stage.

c. empty-nest stage.

Charlie had a couple of friends over after school. Charlie's dad decided to wait until the friends had gone home to reprimand Charlie for not cleaning the garage. Charlie's father was a. showing the ability to manage change. b. using good communication. c. providing emotional support. d. showing respect for family members.

d. showing respect for family members.

Carmen's parents have decided to get divorced. Carmen cannot concentrate on her school work, finds it difficult to sleep, and has lost her appetite. Carmen is reacting to the news about her parents' divorce by feeling a. angry. b. depressed. c. anxious. d. guilty.

b. depressed.

The kind of family formed when single parents marry new spouses is a. an extended family. b. a blended family. c. a nuclear family. d. a single-parent family.

b. a blended family.

Most dysfunctional families are a direct outgrowth of a. divorce. b. troubled parents. c. the empty-nest stage. d. single-parent families.

b. troubled parents.

Teenagers who practice sexual abstinence grow by acting responsibly and by learning to develop relationships not based on sexual intimacy. True False

True

Being willing and able to put the other person's needs before your own is an important ingredient for a successful marriage. True False

True

Emotional bonding occurs automatically in every family. True False

False

Indirect pressure

Persuasion

Direct pressure

Threats

Characteristic of high self-esteem

Increased respect for self and others

Characteristic of low self-esteem

Vulnerable to peer pressure

Social benefit of abstinence

Worry-free pregnancy

Protective factor

Keeps person from engaging in harmful behavior

Risk factor

Anything that increasing the likelihood of health problems

Extended family

Nuclear family plus other relatives

Clenching one's fists

Nonverbal sign of anger

Nonviolent strategy for arguments

Conflict Resolution

Forest fires contribute to what type of environmental problem? a. Overpopulation b. Water pollution c. Air pollution d. Noise pollution

c. Air pollution

Overpopulation of the earth contributes to what type of environmental problem? a. Global Warming b. Water Pollution c. Air Pollution d. Noise Pollution

a. Global Warming

The disease hepatitis can sometimes be contributed to what type of environmental problem? a. Global Warming b. Water Pollution c. Air Pollution d. Noise Pollution

b. Water Pollution

Fireworks are an example of what type of environmental problem? a. Global Warming b. Water Pollution c. Air Pollution d. Noise Pollution

c. Air Pollution

What type of environmental problem can you help reduce by walking or riding your bike? a. Air Pollution b. Noise Pollution c. Water Pollution d. Ozone Depletion

a. Air Pollution

What type of environmental problem can you help reduce by using natural pesticides and fertilizers on your yard? a. Water Pollution b. Acid Rain c. Ozone Depletion d. Air Pollution

a. Water Pollution

What type of environmental problem can you help reduce by finding new ways to burn coal? a. Water Pollution b. Acid Rain d. Ozone Depletion e. Air Pollution

b. Acid Rain

What type of environmental problem can you help reduce by eliminating the use of products containing CFCs? a. Water Pollution b. Acid Rain c. Ozone Depletion d. Air Pollution

c. Ozone Depletion

Which of the following environmental problems can be reduced by turning down your MP3 player? a. Air Pollution b. Noise Pollution c. Acid Rain d. Water Pollution

b. Noise Pollution

Which one of the following words is not one of the three R's of being "Green?" a. Reduce b. Rebuild c. Recycle d. Reuse

b. Rebuild

What type of medical specialty would you need if you needed your cataracts removed? a. Plastic surgery b. Pediatrics c. Ophthalmology d. Gastroenterology

c. Ophthalmology

What type of medical specialty would you need if you had Crohn's disease? a. Plastic surgery b. Pediatrics c. Ophthalmology d. Gastroenterology

d. Gastroenterology

What type of medical specialty would you need for your one-month old baby? a. Plastic surgery b. Pediatrics c. Ophthalmology d. Gastroenterology

b. Pediatrics

What type of medical specialty would you need if you sustained a large cut on your face? a. Plastic surgery b. Pediatrics c. Ophthalmology d. Gastroenterology

a. Plastic surgery

What type of medical specialty would you need if you were pregnant? a. Obstetrics and gynecology b. Orthopedics c. Otolaryngology c. Dermatology

a. Obstetrics and gynecology

What type of medical specialty would you need if you developed poison ivy? a. Obstetrics and gynecology b. Orthopedics c. Otolaryngology d. Dermatology

d. Dermatology

What type of medical specialty would you need if you broke your leg? a. Obstetrics and gynecology b. Orthopedics c. Otolaryngology d. Dermatology

b. Orthopedics

What type of medical specialty would you need if you had tonsillitis? a. Obstetrics and gynecology b. Orthopedics c. Otolaryngology d. Dermatology

c. Otolaryngology

Which of the following things is the most important fact to consider when choosing a doctor? a. Where the office is located. b. How many degrees he or she has. c. What medical school he or she attended. d. How concerned he or she is about preventative care.

d. How concerned he or she is about preventative care.

What type of medical specialty would you need if you were considering birth control? a. Obstetrics and gynecology b. Orthopedics c. Otolaryngology d. Dermatology

a. Obstetrics and gynecology

In the Body Defender challenge, what two body parts make up the first line of defense against pathogens?

Skin, mucous membranes

What is the name of the proteins made by B cells that can bind to a specific pathogen?

Antibodies

In the Infect-O-Rama challenge, what are the ways in which viruses can be spread?

Viruses can be transferred by hand, food, water, mosquito (animal), and a sneeze

Which two modes of transmission are common to five of the infectious agents?

Food and water

In the Koch's Concepts challenge, why is it necessary to wash the orange before infecting it with the fungus?

To sterilize the oranges (kill other germs that may be on the orange).

Who worked out the four-step procedure scientists use to determine if a specific germ causes a particular disease?

Dr. Robert Koch

In the Germ Blaster challenge, which types of infectious agents can be killed by antibiotics?

Bacterium, fungi, and protozoan

Which pathogen has no treatment?

Prions

In the Enemy Agents challenge, you meet up with six different infectious agents. Name them.

Bacterium, virus, protozoan, fungus, prion, and helminth

Which type of infectious agent are a tapeworm, a roundworm, and a hookworm?

Helminth

I am a multi-cellular organism that causes ringworm. What am I?? a. Bacteria b. Fungus c. Protozoa d. Virus

b. Fungus

I am an extremely small particle that causes hepatitis. What am I? a. Bacteria b. Fungus c. Protozoa d. Virus

d. Virus

I am a very small unicellular microorganism that causes tuberculosis. What am I? a. Bacteria b. Fungus c. Protozoa d. Virus

a. Bacteria

Which of the following people has the greatest risk of developing diabetes? a. Consuelo: 48 years old, overweight, inactive, family history of diabetes. b. Mark: 35 years old, normal weight, inactive, family history of heart disease. c. Layla: 40 years old, normal weight, active, family history of breast cancer. d. Saul: 35 years old, overweight, active family history of depression.

a. Consuelo: 48 years old, overweight, inactive, family history of diabetes.

Which of the following is the best definition of diabetes? a. Diabetes is a lifelong disease in which the body produces too much insulin. b. Diabetes is a lifelong disease in which the body does not produce or properly use insulin. c. Diabetes is a lifelong disease in which the body does not produce or properly use hemoglobin. d. Diabetes is a lifelong disease in which the body produces too many hormones.

b. Diabetes is a lifelong disease in which the body does not produce or properly use insulin.

Maria had been working all day out in her yard. Once she sat down in her favorite chair, she became lightheaded and began to have chest discomfort, pain in her right arm, and shortness of breath. What might be happening to Maria? a. Maria could be having a stroke. b. Maria could be having a heart attack. c. Maria could be having an allergic reaction to a bee sting. d. Maria could be developing diabetes.

b. Maria could be having a heart attack.

Cady suffers from a chronic disease that causes chronic muscle and joint pain and inflammation. Her doctor called her condition Lupus. Lupus is what type of immune system disorder? a. Autoimmune Disorder b. Immunodeficiency Disorder c. .Allergic Disorder d. Cancer of the Immune System

a. Autoimmune Disorder

Why is the rise in body temperature a good defense for the body? a. A rise in temperature causes hormones to release in the body to fight the infection. b. A rise in temperature kills off all bacteria in the body, which eliminates the infection. c. A rise in temperature helps the body to sweat out the impurities that cause the infection. d. A rise in temperature slows down the growth of organisms allowing the body to fight the infection.

d. A rise in temperature slows down the growth of organisms allowing the body to fight the infection.

Anna was visiting her grandparents in the country. While she was there she was stung by a yellow jacket and her face swelled up and she had trouble breathing. What condition of the immune system was Anna experiencing? a. Autoimmune Disorder b. Immunodeficiency Disorder c. Allergic Disorder d. Cancer of the Immune System

c. Allergic Disorder

Keith was diagnosed with lung cancer. He had been undergoing chemotherapy for six months. His doctor told him that he must be careful to stay away from people who are sick because he could easily get an infection. What disorder of the immune system is Keith experiencing? a. Autoimmune Disorder b. Immunodeficiency Disorder c. Allergic Disorder d. Cancer of the Immune System

b. Immunodeficiency Disorder

Alcohol makes you feel full of energy. a. Truth b. Trash

b. Trash

Beer contains less alcohol per ounce than wine or liquor. a. Truth b. Trash

a. Truth

Drinking coffee helps to sober up. a. Truth b. Trash

b. Trash

Alcohol makes you sexier. a. Truth b. Trash

b. Trash

Teen drivers have more alcohol-related car crashes than drivers over 21. a. Truth b. Trash

a. Truth

Drinking different types of alcohol at one sitting will make you more intoxicated than drinking one type of alcohol. a. Truth b. Trash

b. Trash

People with alcoholism drink too much because they lack will power. a. Truth b. Trash

b. Trash

Vomiting is part of the body's defense against alcohol poisoning. a. Truth b. Trash

a. Truth

Alcoholism is a treatable disease. a. Truth b. Trash

a. Truth

Almost every teen drinks. a. Truth b. Trash

b. Trash

Ryan and Cindy loved to party. Cindy continued to drink even while she was pregnant with their first child. When the baby was born, he was very small. As he grew, he had problems eating, sleeping, seeing, and hearing. Once in school, he had difficulty getting along with others and paying attention in class. What might be wrong with the child? a. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome b. Alcoholism c. Alcohol Induced ADHD d. Autism

a. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

When you met up with your friend to go bowling, you noticed that he had distorted vision, bad breath, slurred speech, and was acting like a daredevil as he was driving. What is the best explanation for your friend's behavior? a. He had a bad cold. b. He was going through puberty. c. He had been drinking. d. He had been smoking cigarettes.

c. He had been drinking.

Hal is concerned that his girlfriend might be an alcoholic. Which is a warning sign of alcoholism? a. Slurred speech b. Bad breath c. Distorted vision d. Drinking in secret

d. Drinking in secret

According to the Surgeon General's Report, which substance is the most abused by teens? a. Cigarettes b. Marijuana c. Alcohol d. Ecstacy

c. Alcohol

According to Focus Adolescent Services, what is the average age for boys to begin drinking? a. 10 b. 11 c. 12 d. 13

b. 11

Omero has been sneezing and blowing his nose all morning in class. When the teacher asked him if he was okay, he also mentioned that his eyes were itchy and watery. What type of medicine would best relieve Omero's symptoms? a. Analgesic b. Decongestant c. Antihistamine d. Cough Medicine

c. Antihistamine

Mariana has not been feeling well for over a week. Her nose is stopped up and she can barely breathe. What type of medicine would best relieve Mariana's symptoms? a. Analgesic b. Decongestant c. Antihistamine d. Cough Medicine

b. Decongestant

Amarosa participated in the district track meet this past weekend. She ran in three events and pole vaulted for her team. Her body aches all over and her muscles and joints are extremely sore. What type of medicine would best relieve Amarosa's symptoms? a. Analgesic b. Decongestant c. Antihistamine d. Cough Medicine

a. Analgesic

When David's mom went to the grocery store to buy his sister some cough medicine, she had to ask the pharmacist for the medicine and saw a sign that said limit 1 per customer. What is the best explanation of why some stores are limiting the quantity of this type of medicine that individuals can purchase? a. Cough medicines contain narcotics and people can become easily addicted. b. Cough medicines are dangerous to the consumer. c. Cough medicines have a high rate of adverse reactions to other over the counter medications. d. Cough medicines contains DXM, or Dextromethorphan, which can be abused.

d. Cough medicines contains DXM, or Dextromethorphan, which can be abused.

Regina was experiencing distorted perception and was having trouble keeping her thoughts straight. You saw her smoking something earlier today. What type of drug could Regina have used? a. Inhalant b. Marijuana c. Steroids d. Ecstacy

b. Marijuana

Kareem was holding a rag to his face at the party last night. Later you saw him stumbling around. When you tried to talk to him, his speech was slurred and he seemed angry with everyone. What type of drug could Kareem have used? a. Inhalant b. Marijuana c. Steroids d. Ecstacy

a. Inhalant

Ishmail was determined to make the wrestling team. During the school year, no matter how much time he spent in the weight room, he never seemed to bulk up the way he wanted. When he came back from school after the summer, Ishmail looked like a body builder. When you asked him about the change, he just shrugged his shoulders and said that he found something to help him build muscles faster. What substance could be the explanation for the sudden change in his physique? a. Inhalant b. Marijuana c. Steroids d. Ecstacy

c. Steroids

Edgar's brother has been acting different ever since he began running around with a new set of friends. Edgar thinks that he might be addicted to drugs. Which of the following is not a physical sign of drug addiction? a. Increased hair growth on the face. b. Changes in sleeping habits. c. Needing to take more of the substance to get the same effect. d. Changes in eating habits, including weight loss or gain.

a. Increased hair growth on the face.

Which of the following is a problem of living in a drug-oriented society? a. Advertisements provide too much information on drugs. b. Most over-the-counter drugs are not effective. c. Many people think drugs can solve all their problems. d. Drugs treat the symptoms, not the disease.

d. Drugs treat the symptoms, not the disease.

Which of the following is the main message we receive from drug advertising? a. If we take a drug, we'll feel better. b. Drugs should be used only rarely. c. We don't need to seek the advice of a doctor. d. All of the above.

a. If we take a drug, we'll feel better.

Headaches are often caused by stress. Which of the following usually helps relieve stress? a. Sedatives b. Physical exercise c. Coffee or tea d. A small alcoholic drink

b. Physical exercise

Marco is at a party. His friend Deron offers him a glass of whiskey. Marco doesn't want to drink because he drove to the party. He also knows that his parents do not want him to drink. Marco makes a responsible decision by deciding a. not to drink any alcohol. b. to have only one glass of whiskey. c. to drink only beer instead of hard liquor. d. to drink as much as he wants, but instead of driving home, getting a ride with someone else.

a. not to drink any alcohol.

A person who cannot drink alcohol in moderation is said to be a. dependent upon alcohol. b. abusing alcohol. c. addicted to alcohol. d. withdrawing from alcohol.

b. abusing alcohol.

A person who has to have a regular "fix" of alcohol is in the final phase of alcoholism known as a. withdrawal. b. alcohol syndrome. c. dependency. d. addiction.

c. dependency.

People who abuse alcohol most likely a. do poorly in school or at their jobs. b. engage in risky behavior c. abuse their families. d. All of the above.

d. All of the above.

At first, Salwa thought it was glamorous to smoke, but now she's tired of being short of breath and coughing every morning. If she quits, she will a. stop coughing and feel better. b. enable the cilia in her bronchial tubes to repair themselves. c. start to reduce the risk for lung and other cancers. d. All of the above.

d. All of the above.

Damion has a difficult job. Her manager wants her to do everything perfectly the first time. Damion's family members are demanding, too, and want her to help around the house. To relax from all the stress, Damion takes drugs every Friday night. Damion's major problem is her a. difficult job. b. drug abuse. c. unreasonable manager. d. demanding family.

b. drug abuse.

Nicole's boyfriend, Joe, tells her he is thinking of taking steroids. Nicole should tell Joe that a. it is OK, since many athletes take steroids. b. it's a great idea, since she likes "big, strong, muscular" men. c. steroids can cause more harm than good. d. steroids will help him improve his performance on the football team.

c. steroids can cause more harm than good.

A person who wants to seek treatment for drug dependency should realize that a. he or she cannot do it alone. b. there is no such thing as a fully recovered addict. c. he or she must overcome the psychological reasons for drug abuse. d. All of the above.

d. All of the above.

Caleb's parents are going through a divorce. Caleb is feeling angry, frustrated, sad, and depressed. One of Caleb's friends offers him some pills, telling him that the pills will make him feel better. What should Caleb do? a. Take the pills. b. Talk to an adult he feels he can confide in. c. Call the National Drug Information and Referral Line. d. All of the above.

b. Talk to an adult he feels he can confide in.

A parent's alcoholism can affect his or her children through a. physical abuse. b. mental abuse. c. emotional abuse. d. All of the above.

d. All of the above.

Treatment for alcoholism includes a. admitting powerlessness over alcohol. b. withdrawal. c. inpatient or outpatient counseling. d. All of the above.

d. All of the above.

``` Help for alcoholics and family members of alcoholics is available through a, Al-Anon. b. hospital programs. c. Alcoholics Anonymous. d. All of the above. ```

a, Al-Anon.

The chemical in tobacco that is a psychoactive substance and is addictive is a. tar. b. nicotine. c. carbon monoxide. d. nitrogen dioxide.

b. nicotine.

The chemical in tobacco smoke that is made up of solid particles that contribute to the destruction of cilia and respiratory disease is a. carbon monoxide. b. ammonia. c. tar. d. nicotine.

c. tar.

Justin started using cocaine just to fit in with his friends. Soon, Justin found out that he needed a larger dose of the drug in order to experience the same effects, or highs. If Justin did not take a higher dosage, he became very restless and irritable. Which of the following has Justin developed? a. A tolerance for cocaine b. Withdrawal symptoms c. A mental illness d. Signs of recovery

a. A tolerance for cocaine

A person who is most likely to resist peer pressure to try drugs usually has which of the following characteristics? a. self-esteem b. Depression c. A need to be liked by others d. All of the above.

a. self-esteem

Crack differs from cocaine in that crack a. is less addictive. b. affects the brain more quickly. c. is inhaled instead of smoked. d. All of the above.

b. affects the brain more quickly.

Crack and cocaine are dangerous because they a. are addictive. b. can cause violent behavior. c. can be fatal. d. All of the above.

d. All of the above.

Rosa was spray-painting an art project in an enclosed garage. Soon, Rosa noticed that she was feeling lightheaded, dizzy, and nauseated. What should Rosa do? a. Stop spray painting immediately and step outside. b. Open the garage doors and keep on painting. c. Finish the painting but never use that paint again. d. Complain to the paint manufacturer about a defective product.

a. Stop spray painting immediately and step outside.

Which of the following is true of heroin? a. An overdose with heroin is unlikely. b. It is always sold in pure form. c. Users are at risk for hepatitis and AIDS. d. Users can inject heroin safely for years.

c. Users are at risk for hepatitis and AIDS.

A drug that is used for medical purposes but that can also be easily abused is a. a barbiturate. b. PCP. c. cocaine. d. heroin.

a. a barbiturate.

Yao's father has been smoking for many years. His lungs have trouble absorbing oxygen from the air and pushing out carbon dioxide. As a result, Yao's father is always out of breath. Yao's father most likely has a. bronchitis. b. emphysema. c. lung cancer. d. respiratory failure.

b. emphysema.

The tobacco smoke that rises from a lit pipe is called a. passive smoke. b. sidestream smoke. c. mainstream smoke. d. filtered smoke.

b. sidestream smoke.

Celia has just found out she is pregnant. She and her husband, Alando, smoke. They would be wise to stop smoking because a. smoking can cause a miscarriage. b. the developing fetus could be born too early if Celia continued to smoke. c. even though Celia may stop smoking, the smoke from Alando's cigarettes can affect the baby. d. All of the above.

d. All of the above.

Ovary

produces eggs, estrogen, and progesterone

Testosterone

hormone responsible for male sex characteristics

Fallopian tube

transport canal for egg from ovary to uterus

Testes

produce and store sperm

Sperm

males sex cell

HIV-postive

condition of being infected for HIV

Genital Herpes

genital disease with no known medical cure

Scrotum

sac that houses the testes

Egg, or ova

female sex cell

Prostate gland

produces secretions to enhance sperm motility

During an argument, Araceli's mom referred to her as being "hormonal." Which of the following symptoms could be a result of hormonal changes in Araceli's body during adolescence? a. Pain in the joints b. Indigestion c. Irritability d. Fatigue

c. Irritability

While getting ready for school one day, Hakeem noticed hair developing on his face and genitals and his Adam's apple starting to protrude. What is the best explanation for what is happening in Hakeem's body? a. Hakeem is working out too much in the gym. b. Hakeem is in the beginning stages of puberty. c. Hakeem is developing an abnormal hormonal imbalance. d. Hakeem is in the beginning stages of PMS.

b. Hakeem is in the beginning stages of puberty.

Sheila has been working out every day for six months training for a triathlon. Two months ago, she stopped having a period. What is the best explanation for what Sheila is experiencing? a. Amenorrhea b. Menorrhagia c. Dysmenorrheal d. Pregnancy

a. Amenorrhea

I am the cylindrical pendant organ located in front of the scrotum and transfer sperm into the vagina. What am I? a. Prostate gland b. Urethra c. Scrotum d. Penis

d. Penis

I am the lower part of the uterus that opens into the vagina. What am I? a. Ovary b. Cervix c. Urethra d. Fallopian tube

b. Cervix

I am a sexually transmitted disease that is caused by bacteria. I can produce a drip from the genital area, pain upon urinations and sometimes not symptoms at all in males and females. If treated, I can be completely cured. What am I? a. Chlamydia b. HPV c. HIV d. Syphilis

a. Chlamydia

I am a sexually transmitted disease that is caused by a virus. I can produce warts and bumps in males and females. If left untreated, I can cause cervical cancer. What am I? a. Herpes b. HPV c. HIV d. Syphilis

b. HPV

I am a sexually transmitted disease that is caused by bacteria. I can produce sores, a rash and sometimes no symptoms at all in males and females. If left untreated, I can lead to brain and heart disease and even death. What am I? a. Herpes b. Chlamydia c. HIV d. Syphilis

d. Syphilis

What is the most frequent method of transmitting HIV? a. Kissing an infected person. b. Eating after an infected person. c. Receiving blood from an infected person. d. Having sex with an infected person.

d. Having sex with an infected person.

When the body's immune system becomes so weak that it cannot fight off infections, it might be because someone has a. Herpes. b. AIDS. c. HIV. d. Syphilis.

b. AIDS.

What happens to the egg if the sperm does not fertilize it? a. It floats around in the uterus waiting to be fertilized. b. It dries up and leaves the body during a female's menstrual period. c. It attaches to the uterus wall waiting to be fertilized. c. It dries up and is absorbed into the uterus.

b. It dries up and leaves the body during a female's menstrual period.

I am the canal through which a baby travels while being born. What am I? a. Vagina b. Cervix c. Ovary d. Urethra

a. Vagina

James and his wife have been trying to get pregnant for over a year. They have not had any luck. When they went to the doctor, they were told that James has a low sperm count. What part of James' reproductive system may not be working properly? a. Penis b. Scrotum c. Testicles d. Seminal vesicles

c. Testicles

The sperm must travel through a channel in order to leave the body during intercourse. What is the name of the channel through which the sperm pass? a. Epididymis b. Vas deferens c. Seminal vesicles d. Urethra

d. Urethra

Your cousin and his wife have been trying to get pregnant for over a year. They have not had any luck. When they went to the doctor, they were told that his sperm have not been able to reach the egg to fertilize it because of a blockage. What part of her reproductive system may not be working properly? a. Fallopian tubes b. Uterus c. Vagina d. Ovaries

a. Fallopian tubes

Why is it important for teens to seek prenatal care? a. A teen's body is thin and cannot support a baby for nine months. b. A typical teen does not have any experience in having a baby during the pregnancy. c. A teen is too busy with school to take care of her body during the pregnancy. d. A teen's body is still developing and the stress of pregnancy is harmful to both the mother and baby.

d. A teen's body is still developing and the stress of pregnancy is harmful to both the mother and baby.

Lynn just returned from the doctor's office. The doctor told her that her baby's body was covered in fine hair and had a waxy coating. What stage of pregnancy is Lynn in? a. First trimester b. Second trimester c. Third trimester d. Fourth trimester

b. Second trimester

Aimee just returned from the doctor's office. The doctor told her that her baby had gained most of its weight and that it no longer had hair covering its body. What stage of pregnancy is Aimee in? a. First trimester b. Second trimester c. Third trimester d. Fourth trimester

c. Third trimester

Jenny's boyfriend has been pressuring her to have sex. They have been together for two months and he thinks that sex is the next logical step in their relationship. He tells her that he loves her, but Jenny is not sure about her love for him. Jenny wants to have a closer relationship with her boyfriend and wonders if having sex is the way to do that. Which of the statements best describes how the female gender can influence the reasons Jenny is considering having sex? a. Males normally want to have sex for physical pleasure. b. Females think that sex will bring emotional closeness in a relationship. c. Females state that being in love was the reason they had sex. d. Males think that sex makes them more mature.

b. Females think that sex will bring emotional closeness in a relationship.

A woman goes through three stages of labor during the childbirth process. During the second stage of labor, the cervix is fully dilated and the mother begins pushing the baby out as she has a contraction. What is the last event during this stage of labor? a. The baby is born. b. The woman goes to the hospital. c. The woman stops pushing and waits for the doctor to deliver the baby. d. The baby begins to enter the birth canal.

a. The baby is born.

Suppose you are very ill and need an organ transplant. How would it help to have a legal father?

If you needed an organ transplant, it would help to know who your father is because transplants are most likely to be successful if the organ comes from a close relative. You might be able to find a donor on your father's side if you can't find one on your mother's side.

Suppose your parents separate and you live with your mom. How would it help to have a legal father?

If your parents separated, a legal father could help you and your mother with expenses by paying child support. The money would help with basics like food and rent, but also school supplies, clothes, and eventually college.

If your dad works for the federal government or a big corporation, how would it help if you were his legal child?

If your father works for a big corporation or the federal government, there are excellent benefits available for you, like health care and life insurance. Also, if there is any difficulty in collecting child support, a company or the government will automatically deduct the child support payment from his paycheck.

If your father died, how would it help if he had established paternity?

If your father established paternity before he died, you might inherit any assets he left behind or benefit from life insurance or even a pension

Both parents are required by law to support their child until the age of 18. a. Truth b. Myth

a. Truth

A person not paying his or her court-ordered child support goes immediately to jail. Truth Myth

Myth

A parent is responsible for child support even if he or she is still in school. a. Truth b. Myth

a. Truth

The Court can place a person not paying court-ordered child support on probation. a. Truth b. Myth

a. Truth

A person not paying court-ordered child support may have his or her driver's license suspended. a. Truth b. Myth

a. Truth

The absent parent must pay child support even if his or her only income is unemployment or disability. a. Truth b. Myth

a. Truth

Persons owing child support with a case in the Attorney General's office are reported to the credit bureau. a. Truth b. Myth

a. Truth

Parents going into the military do not have to pay child support. a. Truth b. Myth

b. Myth

A lien can be placed on the property of a person owing back child support. a. Truth b. Myth

a. Truth

A non-custodial parent can stop paying child support if the custodial parent marries someone else. a. Truth b. Myth

b. Myth

Child support can be collected by deducting from the wages of an employed parent. a Truth b. Myth

a Truth

A non-custodial parent may open a child support case with the Office of the Attorney General. a. Truth b. Myth

a. Truth

If a non-custodial parent remarries, child support can be deducted from the new spouse's earnings. a. Truth b. Myth

b. Myth

Grandparents are legally responsible for their teen children's child support obligations. a. Truth b. Myth

b. Myth

The Attorney General can change custody and enforce visitation. a. Truth b. Myth

b. Myth

Non-custodial parents in jail still owe child support. a. Truth b. Myth

a. Truth

A non-custodial parent who is not paying child support is not entitled to visitation. a. Truth b. Myth

b. Myth

Past-due child support incurs an interest penalty. a. Truth b. Myth

a. Truth

Past-due child support can be collected even after the child is 18 years old. a. Truth b. Myth

a. Truth

Non-custodial parents are responsible for all or part of the medical expenses for the child. a. Truth b. Myth

a. Truth

How much would you need to earn to support a child for one year and still remain in school?

For one child a family should have a middle-income around $50,000-$100,000.

Make sure to calculate the cost of childcare while you are attending school. (For one month, calculate 20 days/4weeks X $125.00 per week.) What would be the total amount for one year?

It would be about $6,000.

Could you still have a social life while raising a child? Make sure to factor in the cost of a baby sitter ($10.00 per hour). If you went out once a month to attend a movie and a movie lasts approximately four hours, what would be the total amount for one year?

If I went out once a month to attend a movie and a movie lasts approximately four hours, it would be about $480 total amount for one year. It is very possible to have a social life while raising a child.

Could you still save for your future and your child's future?

If you budget and plan you can still save for your future and your child's future.

How would your life change if you were raising a child?

Life would change by having to put another person's wants and needs before your own. You would also be responsible for another person and their life.