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Intro To Opto > PEAVC > Flashcards

PEAVC Flashcards

1
Q

–>Axial lenght indicating focal lenght of the eye
–> accommodation is inactive

A

Refractive status

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2
Q

USED TO DESCRIBE THE MEASUREMENTS OF THE RELATIONSHIP OF POSTERIOR PRINCIPAL FOCUS OF THE EYE’S REFRACTIVE MECHANISM AND THE RETINA OF THE SAME EYE WITH ACCOMMODATION RELAX OR AT REST

A

STATIC REFRACTION

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3
Q

ACCOMMODATION IS NOT AT REST

A

DYNAMIC REFRACTION

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4
Q

VARIATIONS FROM COINCIDENCE OF THE RETINA FOCUS OF THE EYE WITH RETINA

A

REFRACTIVE OF ANOMALIES,ERROR OF REFRACTION (EOR)

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5
Q

–>REFRACTIVE STATUS WITH ACCOMMODATION AT REST
–> CONVERGE TO FORM CIRCLE OF LEAST CONFUSION UPON THE RETINA

A

EMMETROPIA

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6
Q

CONVERGE TO FORM THE CIRCLE OF LEAST CONFUSION

A

AMETROPIA

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7
Q

INFRONT OF THE RETINA

A

MYOPIA

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8
Q

BEHIND OF RETINA

A

HYPEROPIA

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9
Q

PARELLEL INCIDENT RAYS COME TO FOCUS ON THE RETINA

A

Emmetropia

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10
Q

Parallel incident rays do not come to focus on the retina

A

AMETROPIA

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11
Q

INCORRECT AXIAL LENGTH OF THE EYEBALL

A

AXIAL AMETROPIA

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12
Q

A COMBINATION OF BOTH REFRACTIVE AXIAL AMTROPIAS

A

COMBINED AMETROPIA

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13
Q

TYPE OF MYOPIA

A

Myopia-w/out astigmatism
With astigmatism
HYPEROPIA -w/out astigmatism
With astigmatism
ASTIGMATISM

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14
Q

AGE RELATED CONDITION

A

PRESBYOPIA
With emmetropia
With ametropia

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15
Q

->high incidence of myopia with vanished in early infancy.
->Infant weight
Over 1,700 at birth exhibited myopia to 0 to 6.00 diopters which stabilized at 4 to 6 weeks of life and altered toward emmetropia
-> UNDER 1,250 GMS AT BIRTH SHOWED HIGHER MYOPIA OF -10.00 TO -12.00 DIOPTERS WITH REDUCES IN FEW MONTHS AND NEARED MYOPIA IN YEAR.

A

PREMATURE INFANTS

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16
Q

->THERE IS HIGH INCIDENCE IN MYOPIA
->MYOPIA IS RARE AT BIRTH
-> A HIGH INCIDENCE OF MYOPIA WITH REDUCES OF HYPEROPIA BY THE END OF FIRST YEAR.
-> MYOPIA WITH PRESENT AT BIRTH USUALLY DISAPPEARS IN THE FIRST YEAR.

A

NEWBORN

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17
Q

98% OF 4YRS OLD CHILDREN ARE MYOPIC

A

PRESCHOOL CHILDREN

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18
Q

THERE IS DECREASE IN HYPEROPIA

A

SCHOOL CHILDREN

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19
Q

-> TREND TOWARD HYPEROPIA TOWARD MYOPIA
->HYPEROPIA INCREASES FROM AGE 45 TO 70.
->OVER THE AGE OF 65-70 TREND TOWARD MYOPIA CHANGES THE CRYSTALLINE LENS INDEX AND SUBSTANCES.

A

ADULTS

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20
Q

FOCAL PLANES AND THE CIRCLE OF LEAST CONFUSION

A

ASTIGMATISM

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21
Q

->EYE GROWTH IS MOST RAPID DURING FIRST TWO YEARS OF LIFE.
-> THE POWERS OF THE EYE’S REFRACTING COMPENSATE ADJUST TO COMPENSATE GROWTH.

A

OCCULAR DEVELOPMENT

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22
Q

PROGRAMMED GENETICALLY OR INFLUENCED VISUALLY VIA FEEDBACK LOOP

A

EMMETROPIZATION

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23
Q

->INCREASED AXIAL LENGTH IS COMPENSATED FOR BY CORNEAL AND LENS CURVATURE CHANGES
->CHANGE BOTH SPHERICAL AND ASTIGMATIC.
-> REQUIRE A CLEAR RETINAL IMAGE
-> REDUCES MAGNITUDE AND VARIANCES OF REFRACTIVE ERROR BETWEEN BIRTH AND SIX YEARS OF AGE

A

EMMETROPIZATION

24
Q

-> ASTIGMATISM SHOWS A SIGNIFICANT DECREASE DURING THE FIRST TWO YEARS OF LIFE

A

REFRACTIVE STATUS OF CHILDREN

25
Q

REFRACTIVE STATUS AND AGING

A

HYPEROPIC->EMMETROPIC(10YEARS OLD)->MYOPIC(25 YEARS OLD)->HYPEROPIC(60 YEARS OLD)-> LESS HYPEROPIC(80 YEARS OLD)

26
Q

->Occurs light entering the eye focuses in front of the retina instead of directly on it.
->THIS CAUSED BY CORNEA THAT IS STEEPER OR AN EYE THAT IS LONGER THAN NORMAL EYE.

A

NEARSIGHTEDNESS (MYOPIA)

27
Q

NEARSIGHTED EYE
Sign and symptoms

A

-BLURRY DISTANCE VISION
-VISION SEEM CLEARER WHEN SQUINTING

28
Q

-OCCURS LIGHT ENTERING THE EYE FOCUSED BEHIND THE RETINA INSTEAD DIRECTLY ON IT.
-IT IT CAUSE BY CORNEA THAT IS FLATTER OR AN EYE THAT IS SHORTER THAN NORMAL EYE

A

FARSIGHTEDNESS(HYPEROPIA)

29
Q

-MILD TO MODERATE HYPEROPIA ARE OFTEN ABLE TO SEE CLEARLY BECAUSE THEIR NATURAL LENS CAN ADJUST OR ACCOMMODATE TO INCREASE THE EYE FOCUSING ABILITY

A

FARSIGHTED EYE

30
Q

FARSIGHTED SIGN AND SYMPTOMS

A

-DIFFICULTY SEEING UP CLOSE
-BLURRED DISTANCE VISION
-EYE FATIGUE WHEN READING
-EYE STRAIN
-CROSSED EYES IN CHILDREN

31
Q

Detected with vision

A

REFRACTION

32
Q

YOUNG PATIENTS EYE’S ARE DILATED FOR THIS TEST SO THEY ARE UNABLE TO MASK THEIR FARSIGHTEDNESS WITH ACCOMMODATION

A

WET REFRACTION

33
Q

->Depends on several factors such as patients age, activities, occupation.
->young patient may o may not require glasses or contacts lenses, depending on their ability to compensate for their farsightedness with accommodation, glass or contact lens required older patients

A

HYPEROPIA

34
Q

An option for adults who wish to see clearly without glasses

A

REFRACTIVE SURGERY

35
Q

Procedure that can be correct HYPEROPIA

A

LASIK - LASER ASSISTED in SITU KERATOmileusis
CLEAR LEN EXTRACTION AND REPLACEMENT
-INTRAOCULAR CONTACT LENSEs

36
Q

-MEANS THAT THE CORNEA IS OVAL LIKE A FOOTBALL INSTEAD OF SPHERICAL LIKE BASKETBALL.
-IT HAS TWO CURVES THE STEPPER CURVE AND FLATTER curve
-THIS CAUSE LIGHT TO FOCUS ON MORE THAT ONE POINT IN THE EYE RESULTING BLURRED VISION AT DISTANCE OR NEAR

A

ASTIGMATISM

37
Q

ASTIGMATISM SIGN AND SYMPTOMS

A

Blurred vision (near& distance)

38
Q

Detection and diagnosis of astigmatism

A

Corneal
Topography
Keratometry
Vision testing and refraction

39
Q

Treatment and managemt of Astigmatism

A

Astigmatism can be corrected with glasses contact or surgical.

40
Q

Known “short arm syndrome”
Is a term used to describe an eyecin which natural lens thicken

A

PRESBYOPIA

41
Q

People can simply take their glasses off because they see best close up

A

NEARSIGHTED

42
Q

Is a vison test that determines your best visual acuity with corrective lenses

A

REFRACTION

43
Q

INTERPRETING NONVERBAL INFORMATION

A

A.BODY POSTURE
B.PROXIMITY
C. ORIENTATION
D. BODY LANGUAGE (Gestures,facial expression, eyes)

44
Q

NONVERBAL SPEECH PATTERNS

A

INTONATION
RATE OF SPEECH
PITCH
VOLUME
PAUSES
PACING

45
Q

C.L.O.S.E.R

A

C -ONTROL ANY DISTRACTION AND POTENTIAL INTERRUPTIONS.
L- LEAN SLIGHTLY FORWARD TO THE PATIENT
OPEN-MAINTAIN AN OPEN NON DEFENSIVE POSTURE AND APPEARED RELAXED.
S- FACE THE PATIENT, SQUARELY
E-MAINTAIN EYE CONTACT TO THE PATIENT
R-RESPECT THE PATIENT

46
Q

Have you ever wondered what 20/20 means?

A

Vision test is one of the simplest yet most important components of the eye exam. For eye doctor compare result it always done at a standardized distance Of twenty feet

47
Q

THE NATURE OF THE HISTORY AND SYMPTOMS INTERVIEW

A

-REASON FOR ATTENDANCE
-CURRENT OCCULAR OPTICAL STATUS

48
Q

TYPICAL LIST OF INITIAL QUESTION THAT LEAD ON TO MORE SPECIFIC

A

-do you see well in the distance?
-do you see near objects well?
Headaches
Eye pain
Floaters
Flushed of light
Double vision
Patient occular history
Family occular history

49
Q

TAKING CASE HISTORY
Find out if there a problema

A

Symptoms - ask the person about their eyes and how they see
Sign-look carefully at their eyes
Vision- measure how well the person see

50
Q

Importance in taking case history

A

History is important because it helps you to find out the problem with a person eyes

51
Q

TAKING CASE HISTORY

A

Chief complaint
Asking for detail.

52
Q

Tear film

A

Mucous layer,water layer,oil layer (subaceous layer)

53
Q

Divergent

A

Outside

54
Q

Indivergent

A

Inside

55
Q

20 20 20 vision

A

20 read 20 ft (30 seconds)

Intro To Opto (9 decks)

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