Pedia

Question 1

Adolescent + palpable lymph nodes , splenomegaly and lymphocytosis with PAUL-Bunnell antibodies

Answer 1

EBV INFECTION which may lead to splenic rupture due to trauma in its 2nd week of illness

Question 2

14 month old infant + high grade fever then generalized macular rashes as the fever lysed

Answer 2

Roseola infantum (6-15 months old)

Question 3

Viral infection that has predilection for suppressing ALL CELL LINES (decreased cbc)

Answer 3

Roseola infantum / exanthem subitum or the 6th diease

Question 4

Etiologic agent for EXANTHEM SUBITUM

Answer 4

HHV-6

Question 5

Parent asked you how many days does the rashes from 6th disease lasts

Answer 5

1-3 days

Question 6

Toddler presented with cough, cold and conjunctivitis with rashes that started from hairline and spread cephalocaudally

Dx? Etio agent? Incubation period? Period of communicability?

Answer 6

Dx: MEASLES/ rubeola
Etio agent: RNA VIRUS FROM PARAMYXOVIRIDAE
Incubation period: 8-12 days
Period of communicability: 4 days before and 4 days after the rash

Question 7

Slapped cheek appearance

Etio?

Answer 7

Erythema infectiousum

Parvovirus B19

Question 8

All stages of lesions

Answer 8

Varicella

Question 9

Low Grade fever + maculopapular rash with post auricular, post occipital and post cervical lymphadenopathies

Answer 9

Rubella

Question 10

Virus with predilection to affect ERYTHROID CELLS causing aplastic crisis

Answer 10

Parvovirus B19 causing erythema infectiousum

Question 11

Most common congenital infection

Answer 11

Cytomegalovirus

Question 12

CMV manifestations

Answer 12

CMV = blueberry muffin rash

calcifications, INTRACEREBRAL (periventricular distribution)
microcephaly
very large liver and spleen

Question 13

Congenital toxoplasmosis triad

Answer 13

CDH

Chorioretinitis
Diffuse intracaranial calcifications
Hydrocephalus

Question 14

Most common causative agent of atypical pneumonia in children

Answer 14

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Question 15

Most common cause of epiglottitis in an unvaccinated child

Answer 15

H. Influenzae

Question 16

PAROXYSMAL cough + very high WBC with predominant lymphocytosis

Answer 16

Whooping cough by BORDATELLA PERTUSIS

Question 17

3 phases of dengue and concomitant clinical issues

Answer 17

Febrile phase : dehydration
Critical : organ impairment
Recovery phase: fluid overload

Question 18

Prophylaxis for a case of meningococcemia

Answer 18

Ciprofloxacin 500 mg PO SD
Ceftriaxone 125mg IM SD for less than 12yo
Rifampicin 10mg/kg q12 X4 doses
- 5mg/kg if less than one month old

Question 19

Mainstay of diagnosis for enteric fever

Answer 19

Typhoid fever is diagnosed via a (+) blood culture (mainstay)
Stool and urine culture becomes positive after the first week of illness (on second week)

Question 20

Unvaccinated child with sore throat and a whitish gray adherent pseudomembrane on pharynx. Dx? DOC?

Answer 20

Diphtheria

DOC: PEN G x 14 days

Question 21

Fever + bloody diarrhea + abd pain with confusion

Answer 21

Shigella (mc cause of bloody stools)

Question 22

DOC FOR SHIGELLA

Answer 22

Cefixime

Question 23

Child with fishy odor and rice water consistency stools, dehydration

Answer 23

Cholera

Question 24

Doc for cholera

Answer 24

> 8 yo tetracycline

<8 yo cotrimoxazole

Question 25

Etio agent of syphylis?

Answer 25

Treponema pallidum

Question 26

DOC for syphilis

Answer 26

PEN G x 14 days

Question 27

Neonate with (+) bilous vomiting (+) double bubble sign in a mom with large volume of amniotic fluid

Answer 27

Duodenal atresia

Question 28

(+) dilated proximal colon and an obstructed distal colon

Answer 28

Hirschsprung disease

Question 29

Common site of Hirschsprung disease

Answer 29

Rectosigmoid

Question 30

Gold standard for diagnosing of Hirschsprung disease

Answer 30

Rectal suction biopsy

Question 31

Sudden onset of Abd pain + retching and emesis

Answer 31

Volvulus | Mc sites are cecum and sigmoid

Question 32

Intermittent painless rectal bleeding and brick colored stools

Answer 32

MECKEL DIVERTICULUM

Question 33

Intermittent abdominal pain +'currant jelly like consistency stools

Answer 33

Intussusception

Question 34

Bird's beak sign

Answer 34

Achalasia

Question 35

Double bubble sign

Answer 35

Duodenal atresia

Question 36

Double track sign

Answer 36

Pyloric stenosis

Question 37

Coiled spring sign

Answer 37

Intussusception

Question 38

Unvaccinated child with high grade fever, muffled voice, drooling in a tripod position

Answer 38

Acute epiglottitis sec to H. INFLUENZA B

Question 39

A child with a complete immunization status had high grade fever, muffled voice, drooling in a tripod position. Dx? Mc etio agents?

Answer 39

Acute epiglottitis Step. Pyogenes, Step. pneumoniae and Staph. Aureus

Question 40

Treatment for acute epiglottitis?

Answer 40

Secure airway thru intubation

Question 41

Xray showed a thumb print or leaf sign

Answer 41

Acute epiglottitis

Question 42

Barking cough and stridor upon inspiration dx?

Answer 42

LTB (croup)

Question 43

Steeple sign or subglottic narrowing

Answer 43

CROUP/ LTB

Question 44

Most common causative agent of LTB

Answer 44

Parainfluenza virus

Question 45

Most common cause of bronchiolitis in patients less than 2 years old

Answer 45

RSV

Question 46

Low grade fever +'cough + colds and fever with wheezing

Answer 46

Bronchiolitis

Question 47

Treatment for bronchiolitis

Answer 47

Supportive. Cause is viral

Question 48

Dry hacking cough with clear breath sounds Dx?

Answer 48

Acute bronchitis

Question 49

Fever + tachypnea + cough dx?

Answer 49

Pneumonia

Question 50

PAROXYSMAL COUGH

Answer 50

Pertussis

Question 51

Coughing at night without any prodrome

Answer 51

Spasmodic croup

Question 52

Persistent cough and occasional bibasal fine rales in a 3week to a 3 month old infant. Xray findings of mild diffuse interstitial infiltrates. imp?

Answer 52

Atypical pneumonia

Question 53

Most common cause of atypical pneumonia in 3wks to 3 months old

Answer 53

Chlamydia trachomatis

Question 54

Treatment for chlamydia trachomatis infection

Answer 54

Macrolides x 14 days Erythromycin Azithromycin Clarithromycin

Question 55

Cough colds and brassy cough. Xray showed pseudomembrane detachment in the trachea. What finding will you expect?

Answer 55

Thick copious purulent secretion Dx: bacterial tracheitis

Question 56

Metallic Barking cough

Answer 56

Spasmodic croup

Question 57

Brassy cough

Answer 57

Bacterial tracheitis

Question 58

MC cause of bacterial tracheitis | Tx?

Answer 58

STAPH. AUREUS | Vanco or clinda + 3rd gen cephalosporin

Question 59

Criteria for TB DISEASE DX

Answer 59

EPALS ``` EXPOSURE TO TB Positive PPD ABN CXR LAB FINDINGS SYMPTOMATIC ```

Question 60

Tb classifications

Answer 60

Class 1 : tb exposure Class 2: tb infection Class 3: tb disease Class 4: inactive tb

Question 61

APGAR SCORE THAT IS LAST TO DISAPPEAR IN A DYING NEONATE.

Answer 61

Cardiac rate

Question 62

Feeding started then bloody stools Dx? Expected xray findings?

Answer 62

NEC Pneumatosis intestinalis

Question 63

DOC for NEC

Answer 63

Ampi + genta + metro

Question 64

MC HEMOLYTIC DISEASE of THE NB?

Answer 64

ABO incompatibility

Question 65

What is the factor in breastmilk that causes jaundice?

Answer 65

Glucoronidase

Question 66

DOC for neonatal sepsis

Answer 66

Ampi+genta

Question 67

Duration o dx prolonged rupture of membranes which makes a child susceptible for sepsis?

Answer 67

18 hours of RBOW

Question 68

MC ORGANISMS INVOLVED IN NEONATAL SEPSIS

Answer 68

BACTERIAL : GEL GBS, E.COLI AND LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES VIRAL: HE HSV and ENTEROVIRUSES

Question 69

DOB in a post term infant delivered via CS

Answer 69

TTN

Question 70

DOB in a premature neonate

Answer 70

ARDS

Question 71

Early onset vit k def usually presents on the

Answer 71

First two weeks of life Late onset - beyond 2 weeks

Question 72

Early sepsis manifests in the first _____ of life

Answer 72

7days of life beyond this is late onset