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PEDIA Reviewer Flashcards

(94 cards)

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1
Q

treated systemically with a 3rd generation cephalosporin and topical erythromycin ointment

A

Gonococcal Conjunctivitis

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2
Q

treated with oral erythromycin for 2 weeks & erythromycin ointment

A

Chlamydial Infection

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3
Q

this should always be considered a systemic condition

A

Herpes Simplex Virus

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4
Q

this is a conjunctival inflammation on that occur within the first month of life

A

Neonatal Conjunctivitis

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5
Q

treated with a high dose intravenous acyclovir under pediatric care

A

Herpes Simplex Virus

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6
Q

it is associated with sneezing & nasal discharge

A

Allergic Conjunctivitis

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7
Q

highly contagious infection

A

Viral Conjunctivitis

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8
Q

in this type of conjunctivitis, difficulty in opening the eyelids upon waking up is often a representation

A

Bacterial Conjunctivitis

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9
Q

often involves systemic condition such as sore throat or common cold

A

Viral Conjunctivitis

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10
Q

this is usually unilateral

A

Viral Conjunctivitis

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11
Q

often results from abnormal binocular interactions

A

Strabismic Amblyopia

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12
Q

caused by difference in refractive error between the eyes

A

Anisometropic Amblyopia

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13
Q

it results from image blur in one meridian

A

Meridional Amblyopia

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14
Q

caused by uncorrected astigmatism

A

Meridional Amblyopia

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15
Q

a decrease in best corrected visual acuity in one or both eyes despite having the best corrective glasses

A

ALL (Anisometropic, Meridional, Strabismic Amblyopia)

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16
Q

in this type of accommodative esotropia, the AC/A ratio is normal

A

Refractive Accommodative Esotropia

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17
Q

Esotropia is a physiological response to excessive hypermetropia

A

Refractive Accommodative Esotropia

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18
Q

in this type of accommodative esotropia, the AC/A ratio is high

A

Non-Refractive Accommodative Esotropia

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19
Q

the deviation is limited and BSV is present at all distances of a optical correction of hypermetropia

A

Fully Accommodative Esotropia

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20
Q

esotropia is reduced but not eliminated by full correction of hypermetropia

A

Partial Accommodative Esotropia

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21
Q

part of the treatment is pressure patching

A

Corneal Abrasion

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22
Q

autosomal dominant is the most common etiological factor

A

Congenital Cataract

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23
Q

Proliferative retinopathy affecting premature infants of very low birth weight who have been exposed to high O2 concentration

A

Retinopathy of Prematurity

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24
Q

associated metabolic disorders: Galactosaemia, Lowe syndrome, and Fabry disease

A

Congenital Cataract

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25
it is not a variation of Dynamic Retinoscopy
Near Retinoscopy
26
at distance closer than resting point amount of accommodation is less than required by stimulus
Lead of Accommodation
27
basically a substitute for Static Retinoscopy used in infants
Near Retinoscopy
28
at distance beyond resting point amount of accommodation exceeds than that of required
Lag of Accommodation
29
objective test to measure the refractive status of the eye with active accommodation
Cyclopegic Refraction
30
used to measure the lead & lag of accommodation
Dynamic Retinoscopy
31
objective test to measure the refractive status of the eye with accommodation relax
Static Retinoscopy
32
In Bell Retinoscopy, the distance between the px & examiner is
50cm
33
objective assessment ocular alignment using a penlight
Corneal Light Reflex Test
34
a condition where objects located in a distance appear blurry or out of focus
Myopia
35
the most common type of refractive error found in children
Myopia
36
the most common symptoms of this condition in children are eye tiredness, eyestrain, and headaches
Hyperopia
37
can occur when the eyes refractive power is too strong
Myopia
38
often occurs due to abnormal curvature of the cornea
Astigmatism
39
Viral Conjunctivitis is commonly caused by this virus
Adenovirus
40
red, swollen and tender bump near the eyelid margin
Stye
41
it affects the Zeiss or Meibomian Glands
Chalazion
42
a medical term used in which vision of the normal eye is blurred with atropine
Penalization
43
it is the most effective in treatment in amblyopia which we cover the good eye to encourage the amblyopic eye
Occlusion/Patching
44
a medical term for a large eye as a result of stretching due to elevated IOP
Buphthalmos
45
it is due to diffuse oedema secondary to raised IOP or localized oedema due to breaks in Descemet's membrane
Corneal haze
46
it is characterized by its posterior location, prominence of plus disease and ill-defined nature of the retinopathy
Rush Disease
47
characterized by dilation & tortuosity of blood vessels involving at least 2 quadrants of the posterior fundus
Plus Disease
48
other name for Rush Disease
Aggressive Posterior Disease
49
Hand regard
4 months
50
VA may be in the 20/200 to 20/300 range
4 months
51
Hand movements are monitored visually
6 months
52
Tears begin to form
1 month
53
The infant begin to associate visual stimuli & an event
3 months
54
Eye hand coordination (reaching) is usually achieved
5 months
55
able to stare at objects held 8-10 inches away
At birth
56
Acuity improves rapidly to near normal
Between 6 & 9 months
57
The infant is capable of glancing at smaller targets
3 months
58
The infant is aware of the environment and can shift gaze form near to far easily
5 months
59
Search for hidden objects
Between 9 & 12 months
60
These layer contribute to the development of the eye
Neural Tube, Surface Ectoderm, Neural Crest, Mesoderm
61
_______ derived from the ectoderm and lie close to the neural tube
Neural Crest
62
Mesoderm contributes to the ff structures
-Extraocular muscles -Endothelial lining of the blood vessels of the eye -Sclera -Choroid
63
These structures are derived from the neural crest
Sclera Corneal Endothelium Connective tissue & bony structures of the orbit
64
Surface ectoderm produces the ff
Lens Corneal epithelium
65
4 types of VA
Recognition Detection Resolution Localization
66
Enumerate Recognition Acuity
-Snellen's letter chart -Sheridan's letter -Flook's symbol -Allen's picture card test -Stycar letters -Kay's test -LogMar chart -Lea symbols -Sonksen-Silver test
67
Enumerate Detection tests
-Catford drum test -100s to 1000s test
68
Enumerate Resolution (POGV)
-Optokinetic nystagmus test -Preferential looking test -Visually evoked response -Grating test
69
Enumerate Localization
-Snellen's E chart -Landolt's C Chart
70
VA suitable for 0-6/12 months (POFFVOCC)
-Observation -Fixation -Pursuit -Visually directed reaching -Objection to occlusion -Cover test -Catfrod drum -Forced choice preferential looking
71
VA for 6/12 months - 2 years (VSFC-100s&1000s)
-100s & 1000s -Visually directed reaching -Stycar balls -Forced choice preferential looking -Cardiff acuity cards
72
VA for 2-3 years (SFLIKS)
-Kay's pictures -Stycar toys -Illiterate symbols -Flook's symbols -Sjogrens hand test -LogMar
73
VA suitable for 3 years old (C-2L-4S)
-Sheridan Gardiner test -Cambridge crowding test -Sonksten-Silver test -Landolt C test -Stycar letters -Snellen test -LogMar
74
an objective method to evaluate the objective visual acuity by inducing optokinetic nystagmus
Catford drum
75
individuals with this syndrome & who survive the initial neonatal & infantile period merit vigorous rehabilitation of the sensory function to enable proper psychomotor development
CHARGE Association Syndrome
76
this results from transplacental spread of the virus by an infected mother
Congenital Varicella
77
spread by airborne droplets & direct contact with infected lesions
Varicella Zoster
78
double stranded DNA virus
Herpes Simplex Virus
79
found in lesion on the genitalia & the skin of the thighs
Herpes Simplex Virus 2
80
these are problems that affect the brain's ability to receive, process, analyze, or store info
Learning Disabilities
81
refers to group of disorders that affect a broad range of academic & functional skills
Learning Disability
82
difficulty in writing, reading, & spelling
Dyslexia
83
difficulty with writing, spelling, and composition
Dysgraphia
84
problems with manual dexterity & coordination
Dyspraxia
85
collective term for speech inability to produce speech & understand language
Dysphasia
86
difficulty perceiving or understanding what other people say
Receptive disorder
87
difficulty producing speech sounds
Articulation disorder
88
difficulty putting ideas into spoken form
Expressive disorder
89
systemic features of Alport's syndrome
-Thrombocytopenia -Macro thrombocytopathia -Hypoparathyroidism -Polyneuropathy -Ichthyosis -Thyroid abnormalities
90
ocular clinical features of Marfan's syndrome
- Subluxation of crystalline lens - Myopia, microcornea, keratoconus, occasionally retinal detachment & glaucoma - Stretched zonular fibers can be seen through the dilated pupil - Coloboma of the lens - Microspherophakia - Iridodonesis results from lens subluxation - Strabismus
91
systemic features of Down syndrome
- Mental handicap - Upward slanting palpebral fissure - Epicanthic folds - Broad short hands & a protuding tongue
92
clinical ocular features of Cat Scratch disease
- VA is impaired to a degree - Papillitis associated with peripapillary & macular edema - Macular star composed of hard exudates - After several months, VA improve - Fellow eye occasionally become involved but recurrences in same eye is uncommon - Parinaud oculoglandular syndrome - Focal choroiditis - Intermediate uveitis - Exudative maculopathy - Retinal vascular occlusion - Panuevitis
93
Spell out acronym for CHARGE syndrome
- Coloboma - Heart defects - Atresia choanae - Retardation of Growth - Genital Abnormalities - Ear Abnomalities
94
This term refers to complete inability to produce speech & understand language
Aphasia

P3 (11 decks)

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