Pediatric Emergency Medicine (incomplete) Flashcards
(31 cards)
What are the leading causes of death in < 1 year olds
- congenital anomalies
- gestational issues
- SIDS
- maternal complication of pregnancy
- unintentional injury
what are the leading cuases of death in 1-4 year olds
- unintentional injury
- congenital
- homicide
- malignancy
- heart disease
what are the leading causes of death in 5-9 year olds
- unintentional injuries
- malignancies
- congenital
- homicide
- heart disease
What are the leading causes of death in 10-14 years olds
- unintentional injuries
- malignancy
- suicide
- homiicide
- congenital defects
What are the leading causes of death in 15-24 year olds
- unintentional injuries
- suicide
- homicide
- malignancy
- heart disease
What is AVPU
Alert
Responsive to verbal stimuli
Painful stimuli
Unresponsive
What is TICLS
Tone
Interactability
Consolability
Look/gaze
Speech/cry
What age group are at high risk with fevers
Newborn: 0 -28 days old
what is the most common bacteria from the birth canal
E. coli
group B strep
HSV
Listeria
MRSA
if a child is hypotensive what may they require?
Pressors
at what age can ibuprofen be given to children
> 6 months old
What is the classic triad of bacterial meningitis
Fever
stiff neck
change in mental status
how can babies present with bacterial meningitis
poor feeding
irritable particularly when handled
high pitched or moaning cry
abnormal tone
vacant staring
poorly responsive or lethargic
tense fontanelle
cyanosis
what is the opening pressure of a meningitis LP
> 200mg H20
need to be lying laterally to assess pressure
What is the treatment of bacterial meningitis
supportive care
antimicrobials: Vancyo + Ceftriaxone
Steroids (dexamethasone)
(if concern for HSV, antiviral medications)
what age group is appendicitis most common in
Age 10-19 years old
what is the classic presentation of appendicitis
fever
periumbilical pain that migrate to RLQ
poor PO intake
Diarrhea (may still feel constipated) malaise
What is the work-up for appendicitis
if suspected, may be evaluated by US
CBC
CMP
CRP
UA
+/- CT scan
what is the management of appendicitis
keep NPO
treat pain
hydrate the patient
consult surgery
once confirmed, IV abx
What are the IV abx used for appendicitis
piperacillin-tazobactam
ceftriaxone and metronidazole
what is the most common cause of death in pediatric trauma
Head injury
what is the most commmon mechanism of head injury in children
falls
