pediatric health promotion

Question 1

live attenuated vaccine

Answer 1

virtually identical to natural infection , produces a response
most are viral
one dose

Question 2

inactivated vaccine

Answer 2

cannot replicate
requires multiple doses, antibody titer, and possible booster

Question 3

recombinant vaccine

Answer 3

genetic engineering technology
HPV, Hep B

Question 4

contraindications/ precautions of vaccine admin

Answer 4

condition that increases risk of serious adverse reactions
compromise in the ability of the vaccine to produce immunity

allergies, previous reaction, current infection, vax in past 4 months

Question 5

6 rights of medication administration

Answer 5

right patient
right vaccine
right time
right dose
right route/size
right documentation

Question 6

subQ route

Answer 6

thigh or outer arm
40* angle
5/8” needle, 23-25 gauge

Question 7

IM route

Answer 7

thigh or deltoid
90* angle
22-25 gauge, 5/8” - 1” needle

Question 8

multiple vaccinations

Answer 8

separate injections by 1 inch
use combo vaccines when possible to reduce number of injections

Question 9

bacterial infections

Answer 9

pneumococcal
meningococcal
diphtheria
tetanus
pertussis
hemophilus influenza type b
tuberculosis

Question 10

diphtheria

Answer 10

exudate from tonsils and pharynx
URI symptoms - sore throat, fever, cough, white/gray membranes

droplet and standard precautions

Question 10

pertusis

Answer 10

direct contact from resp. droplets
URI symptoms - fever, cough, sore throat
short, rapid cough followed by crowing
droplet precautions

Question 11

chicken pox (varicella)

Answer 11

herpes zoster shingles
slight fever, malaise, pruritic rash (erupts)
rash begins on head, then trunk, leads to extremities
droplet and airborne precautions

Question 12

measles (rubeola)

Answer 12

incubation 10-12 days
fever 103-105*, malaise, cough
koplick spots on mucosa
rash 2-4 days on face and upper neck, lasts for 5-6 days
airborne precautions until day 5 of rash

Question 13

(german measles) rubella

Answer 13

incubation 12-23 days
low grade fever, headache, malaise, maculopapular rash 14-17days

Question 14

pneumococcal

Answer 14

oneumonia, bacteremia, meningitis, otitis media(ear ache), sinusitis, localized infection
droplet precautions

Question 15

rotavirus

Answer 15

dehydrating diarrhea with fever and vomiting

Question 16

scarlet fever

Answer 16

abrupt high fever, large tonsils, white strawberry tongue, sandpaper like- pink rash
droplet precautions until 24hrs of ABX

Question 17

viral infections

Answer 17

rubeola
rubella
varicella
rotavirus
Hep A& B

Question 18

management of poisonings

Answer 18

side-lying, sitting or kneeling position with head below chest to prevent aspirations

Question 19

activated charcoal

Answer 19

decontamination
must be given within 1 hour of ingestion
body is unable to absorb charcoal, so the toxins bind to it allowing it to be excreted
excreted as feces

Question 20

acetaminophen poisoning antidote

Answer 20

N acetylcysteine

Question 21

monoxide inhalation antidote

Answer 21

oxygen

Question 22

opioid overdose antidote

Answer 22

naloxone (narcan)

Question 23

benzodiazepines antidote

Answer 23

romazicon

Question 24

digoxin toxicity antidote

Answer 24

digibond

Question 25

cyanide antidote

Answer 25

amyl nitrate

Question 26

poisonous bites antidote

Answer 26

antivenin

Question 27

lead poisoning cause

Answer 27

presence of blood lead level over 5 mcg/dL occurs with ingestion/inhalation of lead-based paint chip/dust, contaminated water, soil, toys or jewelry most common : peeling lead based paint

Question 28

BLL

Answer 28

blood lead level should be LESS than 5mcg/dL

Question 29

lead poisoning treatment

Answer 29

chelation therapy calcium disodium edetate IV/IM british antilewisite IM soccimer (DSMA) oral (19days) excreted thru urine

Question 30

lead poisoning levels of prevention

Answer 30

primary: reduce environmental exposure secondary: screening of lead poisoning at 1&2 yrs tertiary: chelation therapy

Question 31

DTap vaccine prevents

Answer 31

diphtheira, tetanus, pertussis

Question 32

Hib vaccine prevents

Answer 32

haemophilus infuenzae type b

Question 33

MMR vaccine prevents

Answer 33

measles, mumps, rubella

Question 34

PCV15 vaccine prevents

Answer 34

pneumococcal

Question 35

IPV vaccine prevents

Answer 35

poliovirus

Question 36

Tdap vaccine prevents

Answer 36

tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis