Pediatric pathology- Cerebral Palsy

Question 1

what is cerebral palsy defined as?

Answer 1

an umbrella term used to describe movement disorders due to brain damage that are non-progressive and are acquired in utero, during birth or infancy

Question 2

the brain damage involved with cerebral palsy decreases the brain’s ability to monitor and control __ and __ __ activity

Answer 2

nerve and voluntary muscle

Question 3

cerebral palsy is what type of disorder? due to damage to what structure?

Answer 3

movement disorder
brain damage

Question 4

cerebral palsy is progressive or non-progressive in nature?

Answer 4

non-progressive

Question 5

cerebral palsy can be acquired in __, during __ or __

Answer 5

in utero, during birth or infancy

Question 6

what is the etiology (8) of cerebral palsy acquired before or during birth?

Answer 6

occurs secondary to:
- a lack of oxygen
- maternal infection
- drug/acohol abuse
- placental abnormalities
- toxemia
- prolonged labor
- prematurity
- Rh incompatibility

Question 7

what is the etiology (4) of acquired cerebral palsy?

Answer 7

meningitis
CVA
seizures
brain injury

Question 8

characteristics of cerebral palsy vary from __ and __ to __ loss of control accompanied by profound intellectual disability

Answer 8

mild and undetectable to severe

Question 9

characteristics of cerebral palsy vary from mild and undetectable to severe loss of __ accompanied by profound __ disability

Answer 9

control; intellectual

Question 10

all types of cerebral palsy demonstrate what signs and symptoms (4)?

Answer 10

abnormal muscle tone
impaired modulation of movement
presence of abnormal reflexes
impaired mobility

Question 11

cerebral palsy primary motor patterns

Answer 11

spastic
athetoid

Question 12

although cerebral palsy has associated primary motor patterns, __ motor patterns also exist

Answer 12

mixed

Question 13

spastic primary motor pattern indicates what in terms of lesion resulting in cerebral palsy?

Answer 13

indicates a lesion in the motor cortex of the cerebrum
UMN damage

Question 14

athetoid primary motor pattern indicates what in terms of lesion resulting in cerebral palsy?

Answer 14

indicates a lesion involving the basal ganglia

Question 15

what primary motor pattern indicates a lesion in the motor cortex of the cerebrum and UMN damage?

Answer 15

spastic

Question 16

what primary motor pattern indicates a lesion involving the basal ganglia?

Answer 16

athetoid

Question 17

monoplegic cerebral palsy

Answer 17

involves one extremity

Question 18

diplegic cerebral plasy

Answer 18

BLE involvement, BUE may be effected

Question 19

hemiplegic cerebral palsy

Answer 19

unilateral involvement of the upper and lower extremities

Question 20

quadriplegic cerebral palsy

Answer 20

involvement of the entire body

Question 21

what CP distribution of involvement involves one extremity?

Answer 21

monoplegia

Question 22

what CP distribution of involvement involves BLE and may affect the BUE as well?

Answer 22

diplegia

Question 23

what CP distribution of involvement involves unilateral upper and lower extremities?

Answer 23

hemiplegia

Question 24

what CP distribution of involvement involves the entire body?

Answer 24

quadriplegia

Question 25

treatment of CP is a __ process

Answer 25

lifelong

Question 26

what does physical therapy intervention for CP generally include (9)?

Answer 26

ongoing: family/caregiver education normalization of tone stretching strengthening motor learning developmental milestones positioning WB activities mobility skills

Question 27

what types of devices (3) may be indicated for a patient with cerebral palsy?

Answer 27

splinting assistive devices specialized seating

Question 28

when might surgical intervention for a patient with cerebral palsy be required (2)?

Answer 28

for orthopedic management or reduction of spasticity