Pediatrics Flashcards

Question

Breast Milk Jaundice | Presentation, Dx, Tx

Answer 1

Quality of milk presents after day 7 unconjugated, change to hydrolyzed milk

Answer 2

``` Worsening Jaundice day 7-14 Direct Hyperbilirubinemia Dx: US=no ducts HIDA SCAN 5-7 days give phenobarbital first Tx: REsect ```

Answer 3

increased AFP | Tuft of hair on exam

Answer 4

Tuft of hair with skin covering

Answer 5

CSF Outpouching sack

Answer 6

CSF and nerves in outpouching

Answer 7

yellow fever

Answer 8

MMRV | Intranasal Flu

Answer 9

> 10 years since last dose= Tdap | < 10 years since last dose= go home

Answer 10

>5 years since last dose=Tdap | <5 years since last dose= go home

Answer 11

``` Strike to the head, most likely sports injury (Ball), Skiiing Walk, Talk, Die - LOC lens shaped Middle Meningeal artery ```

Answer 12

``` Pedestrain struck MVA Shaken Baby Syndrome + LOC then COMA Crescent shaped ```

Answer 13

Parvo B19 Slapped cheek appearance, There is a fever and rash Tx: Supportive f/u with aplastic crisis with sickle cell

Answer 14

``` HHV6 Prodrome Very high fever >104 Fever first then rash moves from trunk to extremities ```

Answer 15

Prodrome- Conjunctivitis, Coryza, Cough, Koplik Spots Fever and rash at the same time moves from Face to trunk

Answer 16

Prodrome Generalized Tender Lymphadenopathy Fever and rash moves from face to trunk

Answer 17

Pubertal males, Parotid swelling, Orchitis | Can lead to infertility

Answer 18

Rash without fever Diffuse rash Vesicles on an erythematous base in different stages of healing

Answer 19

Cocksackie A | Rash Features of varicella on the hand feet and mouth

Answer 20

unilateral ear pain relieved with pulling on the pinna, bulging TM Tx: Amxociliin, if allergic ceftanir or azithromycin

Answer 21

Swimmers ear Pseudomonnas Unilateral ear pain, worse by pulling pinna Tx: Spontaneous resolution

Answer 22

Like Otitis externa with involvement of the bone | Tx: Ciprofloxacin or steroid drops

Answer 23

Bilateral purulent discharge Facial tap=pain if Temp >38C, Dur >10D give AMOX-CLAV

Answer 24

Amoxicillin

Answer 25

``` 3months - 3 years Viral prodrome, Barking/seal like cough Dx: Racemic Epinephrine (Steeple) Tx: Mild: Mist Moderate: Racemic Epi, Steroids, O2 ```

Answer 26

Staph Aureus 5- 7 year old, Croup that does not improve-Patient is toxic Dx: not better with racemic epi, Tracheal Cx Tx: IV Abx

Answer 27

``` Very sick patient, Abrupt Onset, High Fever, Drooling, hot potato voice Anterior chain unilateral LN Mass=Abscess Dx: CT scan Tx: Incision and drainage IV Antibiotics ```

Answer 28

Hot potato voice, Sore throat, Drooling Dysphagia, Uvular deviation Tx: Drain and IV Abx

Answer 29

``` Very Sick child, Rapid onset high fever, Tripoding, drooling, Accessory muscle use, Hot potato voice Dx: x-ray-thumb sign Secure airway Cherry red epiglottis Tx: ET Tube in the OR IV Abx ```

Answer 30

``` Autosomal Recessive, CFTR gene Meconium Ileus Recurrent Pulm. Infection Failure to thrive "Salty" baby ```

Answer 31

``` Sweat Chloride test >40 infant >60 for older Tx: Pulmonary toilet Replace pancreatic enzymes and give ADEK ```

Answer 32

+ LOC, generalized

Answer 33

+ LOC, Focal (partial)

Answer 34

- LOC, Focal

Answer 35

Carbamazepine

Answer 36

Ethosuximide

Answer 37

1 in 24 hours Duration <15 mins Generalized

Answer 38

Premature baby with a GI bleed Dx: X-ray-Pneumatosis intertinalis Tx: NPO, IVF, TPN, IV Abx

Answer 39

Painless, intermittent hematochezia Rule of 2s Dx: Technicium-99 Tx: Resection

Answer 40

``` <2 years old <2% of population 2x more likely in males 2 ft from ileocecal valve 2 inches ```

Answer 41

``` Abrupt sudden onset colicky abdominal pain Knee to chest relief *currant jelly diarrhea* *sausage shaped mass* 3mo-3years ```

Answer 42

``` KUB=perforation/obstruction U/S=track resolution Air enema Tx: Air enema Surgery, if there is signs of peritonitis, perforation, or failure of air enema ```

Answer 43

ASD, VSD, PDA, non-cyanotic

Answer 44

>1 year old most common congenital defect Fixed Split S2 Dx: Ech Tx: Surgery

Answer 45

``` Associated with Downs Most common <1 year old Asx Murmur Failure to thrive, CHF Dx: Echo Tx: Asx=wait 1 year old CHF=Surgery ```

Answer 46

``` Continuous machine like murmur Multiphasic murmur Dx: Echo Tx: Indomethacin=closure Prostaglandin=keep open ```

Answer 47

``` Moms that have DM Failure to twist Blue baby on day 1 Tx: Prostaglandin Surgery ```

Answer 48

``` Associated with down syndrome VSD Overriding aorta Pulmonic stenosis Right ventricular hypertrophy TET spells-Kids will squat Dx: CXR-boot shaped heart echo Tx: Surgery ```

Answer 49

``` Descending aorta HTN in UE Hypotension in LE Dx: Echo Tx: Surgical ```

Answer 50

Newborn Clicky Hip Dx: U/s @ 4 weeks Tx: harness

Answer 51

6 Years old Insidious onset, analgesic Gait Dx: X-ray Tx: Cast

Answer 52

``` Age 13 Growth Spurt or Obese Non-Traumatic Joint pain Dx: Frog Leg, x-ray Tx: Surgery ```

Answer 53

Any age Fever, leukocytosis, increased ESR/CRP, cannot bear weight Dx: Arthrocentesis, >50k WBC Tx: Drain, Abx

Answer 54

``` Any age hip pain after viral illness cannot bear weight Dx: Clx Tx: Supportive F/u 2 days ```

Answer 55

``` Osteochondrosis Teenage atheletes Knee pain+Tibial Swelling Dx: Clx Tx: Sit it out=curative or Work through it ```

Answer 56

``` Spinal deformity Teenage girl Shoulders at different levels Dx: Adams test (touch toes) X-ray Tx: Brace to slow progression Rods: Reverse ```

Answer 57

Midshaft, Onion skin appearance | 11,22

Answer 58

associated with the retinoblastoma gene Sunburst pattern Bone pain- then x-ray- MRI then Bx Tx: Surgery

Answer 59

All White retina Clx Surgical f/u for osteosarcoma

Answer 60

Lazy eye if it is congenital surgery in 6 months Acquired patch the goodeye and use glasses

Answer 61

``` Cortical Blindness Strabismus, Cataracts Dx: Clx Tx: none PPX: correct the underlying illness ```

Answer 62

``` Premature baby high levels of O2, growths on the retina Dx: Clx Tx: Photoablation F/u-Bronchopulmonary dysplasia intraventricular hemorrhage Necrotizing enterocolitis ```

Answer 63

``` Present at birth=due to TORCH infection not at birth=Galactosemia Pt: Cloudy/Milky white Front of the eye Dx: Clx Tx: Resection ```

Answer 64

onset 2-7 days Bilateral Purulent discharge Tx: Ceftriaxone

Answer 65

Onset 5-14 days starts unilateral mucoid discharge then converts to bilateral purulent discharge Tx: Erythromycin

Answer 66

``` No urine out of the bladder post-obstructive Pt: no urinary output and distended bladder +/- oligohydramnios +/- Hydro on Prenatal u/s +/- increased Creatinine Dx: u/s=hydro VCUG=r/o reflux Insert Catheter Tx: Catheter Surgery ```

Answer 67

``` Normal at normal Obstruction with increased flow Dx: u/s=hydronephrosis VCUG=r/o reflux Tx: Surgery ```

Answer 68

``` males usually Asx females have normal function with a constant leak, have never been dry Dx: u/s= non hydro VCUG=r/o reflux Radionucleotide Tx: Reimplant ```

Answer 69

``` Retrograde flow Prenatal u/s-Hydro Recurrent UTI +/- Pyelonephritis Dx: u/s = hydro VCUG=shows reflux Tx: Abx Surgery ```

Answer 70

Staph Aureus | HgbSS-Salmonella

Answer 71

Osteomyelitis | splenic Autoinfarct Avascular necrosis of the hip

Answer 72

``` Pt: decreased HgB increased reticulocyte, bilirubin Chronic pain Dx: CBC=sickled cells HgB electrophoresis Tx: Vasocclusive crisis=IVF, O2, Pain control +/- infxn= Abx PPX: Hydroxyurea increases HgbF ```

Pediatrics Flashcards

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