Pediatrics and Edentulous patients Flashcards
(24 cards)
2 areas of concern when working with pediatric patients
Smaller mouth
Don’t always cooperate
When should a child’s first dental visit be?
Usually at 3 years but as early as 6 months
Radiographs not taken until contacts close, around 6 years
Reasons for radiographs at preschool age
- examining development
- lesions
- accident and injury, examine extent of damage
- can accurately see carious lesions
What disturbances in normal development may we look for with radiographs?
- permanent tooth may not erupt within normal time
- a tooth may be missing
- may be blocked in its normal eruptive passage
- malposed or impacted
What will we see on pediatric radiographs?
- erupted primary-teeth – usually all present by age 3
- developing permanent teeth located within the alveolar bone
What should happen during the childs first visit?
- Parents present
- Establish rapport
- Explain what youre doing; show them the equipment, let them touch, show them “pictures” of what youre going to do. Show them theirs after
- Demonstrate how to sit/act
How to handle the refractory (uncooperative) child
- be firm
- let them know you are in command
- if they wont enter the room alone, have parents come in
- do not physically force them to cooperate
What will dentist prescribe radiographs based on?
- teeth present
- caries risk
- age
- ability to cooperate
The most satisfactory pedodontic images are
- intraoral bite-wings of posterior teeth
- periapical exposures of both arches
Procedure for PA and BW
Same as with adults but compensate for smaller mouth; BAT instead of PT, use largest receptor possible
When does a molar exposure need to be taken?
When the childs 12 year molars are developed or developing. Not usually until after 8 years
What size film is used for occlusals
2 or 4
Indications for occlusal images
To detect pathology, process of healing, eruption patterns, measure changes in the size or shape of the dental arches. Detection of foreign bodies
Maxillary Topographical
- occlusal plane parallel to floor
- obtain horizontal and vertical angulation with BAT
Maxillary Cross -Sectional
- same as topographical
- V.A. is increased; CR perpendicular to occlusal plane (+75).
Mandibular topographical
occlusal plane is at 45o angle to the plane of the floor; bisect angle
Mandibular Cross-Sectional
central ray is perpendicular to occlusal plane; Cross Sectional teeth will appear round and short.
Pedodontic Image Alternatives
Panorex
Reasons for taking images of edentulous patient
- to see if the infectious process is still present
- periodontal disease resulting in loss of teeth
- retained root tips
- unerupted teeth
- abnormalities of bone
- cyst
Easiest method for surveying the edentulous patient
Panoramic
Area of interest for edentulous radiographs
The ridges of maxillary and mandibular arches instead of the teeth and
supporting structure
Are bitewings and FMS the same for edentulous patients?
bitewings are eliminated
FMS is the same
-Vertical placement of receptor should not extend more than ¼ “ above or below the ridge
Patient with Small Ridge or No Ridge
- receptor will be almost parallel to the floor
- except for mandibular molars
- vertical angulation is increased
Receptor Holder for edentulous patients
- An intra oral receptor holder may be used
- The B.A.T. is still employed if needed
- The angulation is less severe in comparison to not using a receptor holder
- Cotton roll must be used on the biting surface
a. for patient comfort
b. for stabilization (takes the place of the crowns of teeth )
