PEDIATRICS D-3

Question 1

Hyperresponsiveness of airways

Answer 1

Bronchial Asthma

Question 2

Mediated reaction for allergy which results to Bronchoconstriction

Answer 2

Immunoglobulin E (IgE)

Question 3

What is Destruction and overinflation of Alveoli, which manifest a Barrel Chest?

Answer 3

Chronic Emphysema

Question 4

What is chronic dilation and destruction of bronchial wall?

Answer 4

Bronchoeostasis

Question 5

What is autosomal recessive disorder?

Answer 5

Cystic Fibrosis

Question 6

what does recessive means?

Answer 6

1. Parents are the only carrier but there are no symptoms
2. Hyper viscosity of the exocrine gland secretions

Question 7

what SIDS stands for?

Answer 7

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

Cause: Unknown

Question 8

What is the Risk factors of SIDS?

clue:
1. S
2. I
3. D
4. S

Answer 8

1. Sleeping in a room w/o a proper ventilation and on prone position
2. Inadequate surfactant (preterm)
3. Drug dependent mothers (Downers)
4. Sudden laryngospasm, tight spaces during labor and delivery.

Question 9

how many weeks does SIDS categorized or age of viability?

Answer 9

20-24 weeks - live age of viablity

Question 10

In correlation to inadequate surfactant commonly on preterm babies, what does the acronym PRETERM stands for?

Answer 10

P - POOR protein and malnutrition of a mother
R - RACE African, Asian, and American
E - EXPOSURE to Nicotine
T - TEENAGE pregnancy
E - EARLY induction of labor (eg. Trauma)
R - RECENT or hx of preterm birth
M - MULTIPLE pregnancies
S - STRESS

Question 11

What is the management for Airway obstruction of the epiglottis?

Answer 11

Intubation

Question 12

What are the two types of intubation? and what type of intubation are always on bedside?

Answer 12

1. ET Intubation and tracheostomy Intubation

*(tracheostomy Intubation are always on bedside)

Question 13

sickle cell anemia essentially means there are obstructions in the blood vessels “Thrombosis”, what are the 3 manifestation of this?

Answer 13

• Pain
• Angina (M.I. or H.A.)
• Brain Attack or Ischemic stroke

Question 14

During crisis of sickle cell anemia what would be the Management?

Answer 14

1. Hydration
2. Pain Relief
3. Oxygen

Question 15

What triggers the sickle cell anemia?

Answer 15

1. Dehydration
2. Hypoxemia and hypoxia
3. Sequestration or collection of SCA in spleen

Question 16

Medication for chest paint?

Answer 16

Morphine sulfate

Question 17

Number 1 leading cause of motor impairment, and no medication to cure, it is permanent but non-progressive

Cause: Unknown but on some studies it says that it is due to hypoxia of the brain.

Answer 17

Cerebral palsy

Question 18

what are the 4 types of Cerebral palsy “SADM”, The damage part of the brain, percentage and the gait of each.

Answer 18

S - Spastic (70%), cerebral cortex
Med use: “Baclofen” a muscle relaxant
walk: “Scissor gait”

A - Ataxic (10%), Damage in cerebellum
Walk: Ataxic gait

D - Dyskinetic / Athenoid (10%), Damage in Basal Ganglia
Walk: Worm like writing gait

M - Mixed (10%)

Question 19

Increased CSF in ventricles of brain

Answer 19

Hydrocephalus

Question 20

Normal Head Circumference and pathologic circumference

Answer 20

Normal: 5 inch to chest circumference
Pathologic: > 5 inch to Chest circumference

Question 21

Hallmark signs for Hydrocephalus, cracked pot sound of the head and bulging fontanels

Answer 21

Macewen Sign

Question 22

What should be on bedside of a hydrocephalus patient?

Answer 22

Tape measure

Question 23

Used during CHN to check for Hydrocephalus “Transimullation”

Answer 23

Flashlight

Question 24

What do you call on divided spine, protrusion and non function of spine

Answer 24

Spina bifida

Question 25

3 types of spina bifida

Answer 25

1. Spina bifida Oculta - dimpling in the spine (non emergent) 2. Meningocele - Meninges + CSF (Protrusion) 3. Myolomeningocele - Meninges + CSF + Nerves + SC (Protrusion) Management for 2 and 3: Surgery (Immediate)

Question 26

Which type of Spina bifida are manifest a lower limb paralysis and bladder/bowel Incontinence

Answer 26

Myolomeningocele

Question 27

In this condition, you will expect that the baby's one leg are shorter that the other and the affected leg has more skin folds

Answer 27

DHD or development hip dysplasia

Question 27

what are the two hallmark signs for DHD?

Answer 27

1. Barlow's Sign - Adduction "natanggal", Slipping sensation 2. Ortolani's Sign - Abduction "Bumalik", Clicking sounds

Question 28

Management for DHD?

Answer 28

1. Maintain Adduction 2. Check for circulation

Question 29

What do you call on problem in Eustachian tube?

Answer 29

otitis media

Question 30

inherited disorder of the metabolism of the amino acid methionine, kidney problem

Answer 30

Hemocystinuria

Question 31

Impaired protein metabolism

Answer 31

Phenyketonuria

Question 32

Malabsorption Disorder

Answer 32

Celiac Disease

Question 32

In foramen Ovale; the Fora Ovalis are opened or closed?

Answer 32

Closed

Question 33

Acronym "BAD" of anterior fontanel stands for?

Answer 33

B - Bregma A - Anterior D - Diamond

Question 33

In foramen Ovale; the Arterial septad defect are opened or closed?

Answer 33

Opened

Question 34

Acronym "LPT" of Posterior fontanel stands for?

Answer 34

L - Lambda P - Posterior T - Triangle note: 2-3 months

Question 35

First food for baby

Answer 35

* Cereal and Rice water

Question 36

Second Food for baby

Answer 36

*Vegetable

Question 37

Third Food for baby

Answer 37

*Fruits

Question 38

Fourth food for baby

Answer 38

*Meat (White)

Question 39

5th food for baby

Answer 39

*Egg yolk White - contains a lot of protein that are risk for allergy.