Peds Oph

Question 1

Atropine causes what SE in kids?

Answer 1

Allergic / hypersensitivity rxn.

Question 2

Scopolamine causes what SE in kids?

Answer 2

Hypnotic effects.

Question 3

Premature closure of the skull base suture causes what?

Answer 3

midface hypoplasia

Question 4

What is the seasonal difference between atopic KC vs vernal KC?

Answer 4

AKC is year round (pts with atopy) and VKC is seasonal.

Question 5

AKC or VKC affect both the upper and lower eyelids?

Answer 5

AKC effects both (VKC just the upper)

Question 6

How do newborn chlaymidal conjuctivitis differ from adult inclusion conjunctivitis? How do you treat?

Answer 6

infant only papillary reaction after 7 days vs adult with follicular reaction after the first month. Oral Macrolide - Erythromycin or Azithromycin.

Question 7

What is Alagille Syndrome?

Answer 7

Axenfelds (post. embryotoxin) + Pigmentary Retinopathy.

• Cardiac defects and jaundice
• No DT reflexes
• AD. Defect in JAG1 gene.

Question 8

What type of cataract does a pt have in Lowe’s syndrome?

Answer 8

Dense Disciform cataracts in ALL pts. Severe HYPOTONIA at birth with Fanconi renal syndrome = renal tubular acidosis.

Question 9

What 2 diseases cause christmas tree cataracts and describe them?

Answer 9

1. HYPOparathyroidism - normal intelegence with paresthesias and tetany 2. Mytonic dystrophy - low intelligence with ptosis, CPEO, and pigmentary retinopathy

Question 10

What are 4 characterstics of NF2?

Answer 10

1. AD 2. Cortical WEDGE cataracts 3. PSC 4. Combined hamartoma 5. RETINAL HAMARTOMAS 6. b/l vestibular schwanomas 7. O/N MENIGIOMAs

Question 11

What is the 4 different presentations of sarcoidosis in KIDS vs adults

Answer 11

1. Kids have high borderline ACE levels at baseline 2. Rash and arthritis are more frequent in kids 3. Lung involvement more in adults 4. Both are mostly ANTerior uveitis

Question 12

Which pediatric corneal d/o has radial iris transillumination defects?

Answer 12

MICROcornea

Question 13

Which lenticonus is more common and acquired?

Answer 13

Posterior

Question 14

What is the inheritance pattern for Alports and Lowes dz?

Answer 14

X linked

Question 15

What is the 4 Ddx of intraocular cartilage?

Answer 15

1. PHPV
2. Medullepithelioma
3. Teratoma
4. Trisomy 13

Question 16

EOM motor defects occurs 10% of the time in which phakomatosis?

Answer 16

NF2

Question 17

Which 4 Phakomatoses has GL?

Answer 17

1. NF1
2. VHL
3. Sturge Webber
4. Wyburn Mason

Question 18

Which phakomatoses has peripheral retinal AV malformations with RD, RPE changes, or pseudo-RP?

Answer 18

Sturge Weber

Question 19

Which phakomatoses has impaired convergence, nystagmus and oculomotor apraxia with IgA deficiency?

Answer 19

AT / Louis barr

Question 20

Which phakomatosis is XL DOMINANT?

Answer 20

Incontinetia pigmenti

Question 21

What nystagmus is a/w oculocutaneous albinism?

Answer 21

Periodic Alternating nystagmus (2-3 minute cycle)

Question 22

What is the most common cause of nystagmus in the pediatric population?

Answer 22

Sensory defect nystagmus (pendular)

Question 23

Which direction is the jerk nystagmus in Latent nystagmus?

Answer 23

Towards the fixating eye with DECREASE exponetially of the velocity of the SLOW phase.

Question 24

Which special form of strabismus has a LARGE XT and is a/w Refsums, Baseen Korwig, and Kearn Sayers?

Answer 24

CPEO (no DIPLOPLIA)

Question 25

What do you see on skin bx in oculocutaneous albinism?

Answer 25

MACROmelanosomes

Question 26

What produces a sawtooth on EOG?

Answer 26

OKN drum