Peer Teaching GU

Question 1

What is the gold standard test for renal colic?

Answer 1

Non-contrast CT

Question 2

What causes UTIs?

Answer 2

KEEPS
Klebsiella
E-Coli
Enterococcus
Proteus/pseudomonas
Staphlococcus saprophyticus

Question 3

What are the main features of nephrotic syndrome?

Answer 3

Hypoalbuminaemia, peripheral oedema, proteinuria

Question 4

What are the parameters for GFR in CKD?

Answer 4

Stage 1 > 90 ml/min with evidence of renal damage
Stage 2 60-89 ml/min with evidence of renal damage
Stage 3a 45-59 ml/min with or without renal damage
Stage 3b 30-44 ml/min with or without renal damage
Stage 4 15-29 ml/min with or without renal damage
Stage 5 <15 ml/min, established renal failure

Question 5

What is the mode of action of furosemide?

Answer 5

Loop diuretic acting on ascending limb of loop of Henle

Dehydration, hypotension, hypokalaemia

Question 6

What is the mode of action of spironelactone?

Answer 6

Potassium sparing diuretic. Acts on DCTs, inhibits resorption of Na & therefore water

Question 7

What is the mode of action of bendroflumethiazide?

Answer 7

Thiazide diuretic, prevents Na/Cl transporters from working properly

Question 8

Typical presentation of Hodgkin’s lymphoma?

Answer 8

Hodgkin’s lymphoma has a bimodal presentation in the twenties and the sixties. It presents with a
painless asymmetrical presentation but there is pain when drinking alcohol.

Question 9

Typical presentation of multiple myeloma?

Answer 9

Multiple myeloma tends to present in those aged 70 and above. It presents with:
o Anaemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia due to bone marrow infiltration
o Recurrent infection due to monoclonal Igs
o Renal impairment due to the free light chains
o Bone pain, pathological fractures and vertebral collapse due to bone lesions (increases calcium
and Il-6)

Question 10

Typical presentation of non-hodgkin’s lymphoma?

Answer 10

Elderly and has a symmetrical

presentation

Question 11

Typical presentation of polycythaemia ruba vera?

Answer 11

symptoms that are related to blood hyper viscosity due to
an increase in cellular content. This leads to “thicker” blood and thrombosis meaning that there is
poor oxygen delivery. Symptoms relate to this include headache, dizziness, visual disturbances,
vertigo, tinnitus and intermittent claudication

Question 12

Typical vit B12 deficiency presentation?

Answer 12

Fatigue, numbness, tingling, vision loss

Question 13

What is often found in CML?

Answer 13

Philadelphia chromosome
Increased basophils
Decreased Hb and platelets