Pelvic

Question 1

What is the shape of the uterus?

Answer 1

Pear-shaped

The uterus is described as having three layers: the outer layer (perimetrium), the middle layer (myometrium), and the inner layer (endometrium).

Question 2

What are the three layers of the uterus?

Answer 2

• Perimetrium
• Myometrium
• Endometrium

Each layer has distinct functions and structures.

Question 3

What is the most common uterine position?

Answer 3

Anteverted

The anteverted position is where the uterus tilts forward.

Question 4

What is the function of the endometrium?

Answer 4

Inner lining of the uterus

The endometrium thickens during the menstrual cycle and sheds during menstruation.

Question 5

What is the role of the myometrium?

Answer 5

Middle muscle layer of the uterus

The myometrium is responsible for uterine contractions.

Question 6

What happens during the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 6

Endometrium thickens

This phase corresponds to days 5-14 of the cycle.

Question 7

What occurs during the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 7

Ruptured follicle becomes a corpus luteum

This phase corresponds to days 15-28 of the cycle.

Question 8

What is the outer layer of the ovary called?

Answer 8

Cortex

The cortex surrounds the medulla and is where follicles are found.

Question 9

What structure is found in the inner layer of the ovary?

Answer 9

Medulla

The medulla contains blood vessels and connective tissue.

Question 10

What is the common shape of the ovaries?

Answer 10

Almond-shaped

Ovaries are typically described as ovoid or oval.

Question 11

What is the typical duration of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 11

28 days

The cycle can vary, but 28 days is considered average.

Question 12

What is commonly seen during menstruation?

Answer 12

Rising levels of blood debris

This is a normal part of the shedding process of the endometrium.

Question 13

What is the typical endometrial thickness during ovulation?

Answer 13

7-16 mm

This thickness is measured during the ovulatory phase of the menstrual cycle.

Question 14

What phase follows menstruation?

Answer 14

Follicular phase

The follicular phase is characterized by the development of follicles in the ovaries.

Question 15

What appearance does the endometrium have during the proliferative phase?

Answer 15

Three-line sign

The three-line sign is indicative of a thickening endometrium during the proliferative phase.

Question 16

What happens to ovulation during the luteal phase?

Answer 16

Ovulation stops

The luteal phase occurs after ovulation and is characterized by hormonal changes preparing for potential pregnancy.

Question 17

What is a common characteristic of a normal ovary?

Answer 17

Homogeneous echotexture

This echotexture appears on ultrasound imaging.

Question 18

What is the most common type of ovarian cyst?

Answer 18

Functional cyst

Functional cysts develop from the normal functioning of the ovary.

Question 19

Which demographic is most likely to have fibroids?

Answer 19

African American women

Fibroids are noncancerous growths that can occur in the uterus.

Question 20

What is adenomyosis?

Answer 20

Endometrial tissue within the uterine wall

This condition can cause an enlarged uterus and is often diagnosed via imaging.

Question 21

What is the most common uterine pathology resulting in abnormal bleeding?

Answer 21

Fibroids

Fibroids can lead to heavy menstrual bleeding and other symptoms.

Question 22

What is endometritis?

Answer 22

Infection within the endometrium of the uterus

This condition can occur post-delivery or due to retained products of conception.

Question 23

What is the most common gynecological malignancy in North America?

Answer 23

Endometrial carcinoma

This type of cancer arises from the lining of the uterus.

Question 24

Fill in the blank: The cervix is _______ in a normal position.

Answer 24

Anteverted

The anteverted position refers to the forward tilt of the cervix.

Question 25

What is a common imaging finding in uterine pathologies?

Answer 25

Enlarged uterus ## Footnote Uterine enlargement can indicate various conditions, including fibroids and adenomyosis.

Question 26

What does IUD stand for?

Answer 26

Intrauterine Device ## Footnote A form of long-term birth control placed inside the uterus.

Question 27

What is the characteristic appearance of an ovarian cyst on ultrasound?

Answer 27

Anechoic, thin-walled mass ## Footnote This indicates the cyst is filled with fluid and is typically benign.

Question 28

What is a hemorrhagic cyst?

Answer 28

A simple cyst that involves bleeding ## Footnote Hemorrhagic cysts can cause pain and may require monitoring.

Question 29

What is the most common cause of ovarian enlargement in young women?

Answer 29

Functional cysts ## Footnote These cysts form as part of the normal menstrual cycle.

Question 30

What is PCOS?

Answer 30

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ## Footnote It is characterized by multiple cysts on the ovaries, weight gain, and excessive hair growth.

Question 31

What is endometriosis?

Answer 31

A condition where endometrial tissue is found outside the uterus ## Footnote It can be located on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and the surface of the uterus.

Question 32

What is the function of LH hormone?

Answer 32

Stimulates ovulation ## Footnote Luteinizing hormone plays a key role in the reproductive system.

Question 33

What does progesterone do?

Answer 33

Prepares the uterus for potential pregnancy ## Footnote It helps maintain the uterine lining after ovulation.

Question 34

What is the role of FSH?

Answer 34

Stimulates the development of ovarian follicles ## Footnote Follicle-stimulating hormone is essential for reproductive health.

Question 35

What is a chocolate cyst also known as?

Answer 35

Endometrioma ## Footnote These cysts are associated with endometriosis and contain old blood.

Question 36

What imaging modality is commonly used to evaluate ovarian cysts?

Answer 36

Ultrasound ## Footnote It provides real-time images of the ovaries and surrounding structures.

Question 37

Fill in the blank: The _______ is a structure that develops in the ovaries during the menstrual cycle.

Answer 37

follicle ## Footnote Follicles contain the eggs and are critical for reproduction.

Question 38

What is the function of the uterus?

Answer 38

The uterus is responsible for housing and nourishing a developing fetus during pregnancy. ## Footnote The uterus plays a critical role in reproductive health and pregnancy.

Question 39

What are the three layers of the uterus?

Answer 39

* Endometrium * Myometrium * Perimetrium ## Footnote Each layer has distinct functions and characteristics.

Question 40

What is the role of the ovaries?

Answer 40

The ovaries produce eggs and hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. ## Footnote Ovaries are essential for female reproductive health.

Question 41

What is the cervix?

Answer 41

The cervix is the lower part of the uterus that opens into the vagina. ## Footnote It serves as a passage for menstrual fluid and childbirth.

Question 42

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the outer layer of the uterus.

Answer 42

Perimetrium

Question 43

True or False: The myometrium is the innermost layer of the uterus.

Answer 43

False ## Footnote The myometrium is the middle muscular layer, while the endometrium is the innermost layer.

Question 44

What is the endometrium's primary function?

Answer 44

The endometrium thickens during the menstrual cycle and is shed during menstruation if no pregnancy occurs. ## Footnote It is crucial for implantation of a fertilized egg.

Question 45

What does the term 'uterine' refer to?

Answer 45

Anything pertaining to the uterus. ## Footnote The term is often used in medical contexts discussing conditions or procedures related to the uterus.

Question 46

What is the significance of the uterine position?

Answer 46

The position of the uterus can affect reproductive health and may influence various medical conditions. ## Footnote Uterine position can vary among individuals.