Pelvic and Perineal Angiology

Question 1

List the Arteries that come off of the abdominal aorta. (4)

Answer 1

1. Gonadal A. (Testicular and Ovarian A.)
2. Inferior Mesenteric A.
3. Median Sacral A.
4. Common Iliac As.

Question 2

The Ovarian artery is going to travel down into the Pelvic Cavity and give off which two branches?

Answer 2

1. Ovarian Branch

2. Tubal Branch

Question 3

The Superior Rectal A. is coming off of which artery?

Answer 3

Inferior Mesenteric A.

Question 4

When the External Iliac A. passes beneath the Inguinal Ligament, which artery does it now become?

Answer 4

Femoral A.

Question 5

What are the main branches off of the Femoral A. that are going to lead up into the Pelvis?

Answer 5

Superficial and Deep External Pudendal A.

Question 6

The External Pudendal A. is going to produce a branch that is different is females and males, what is the name of that branch?

Answer 6

Anterior Scrotal A. (Males)

Anterior Labial A. (Females)

Question 7

List the Branches off of the Anterior Division of the Internal Iliac A. (8)

Answer 7

1. Umbilical A.
2. Obturator A.
3. Inferior Vesical A. (Male)
4. Uterine A. (Female)
5. Vaginal A. (Female)
6. Middle Rectal A.
7. Inferior Gluteal A.
8. Internal Pudendal A.

Question 8

The Umbilical A. only has use during the embryonic period, what does it become in the adult? What are the branches off of the Umbilical A?

Answer 8

Medial Umbilical Ligament

Superior Vesical A. (supply the superior aspect of the urinary bladder)

Question 9

Obturator A. is going to supply which region?

Answer 9

Medial Thigh Muscles

Question 10

The Uterine A. is going to come off of the Anterior Division of the Internal Iliac A. What are the branches that it is going to further give rise to? (3)

Answer 10

1. Vaginal Branch
2. Ovarian Branch
3. Tubal Branch

Question 11

Ovarian and Tubal branches come from two different arteries in order to form an anastamoses supplying the ovaries and uterine tubes. What are the two arteries that have these branches?

Answer 11

1. Uterine A.

2. Ovarian A.

Question 12

The Vaginal A. can originate from two different places, name them.

Answer 12

1. Anterior Division of Internal Iliac A.

2. Uterine A.

Question 13

Where is the origin of the Middle Rectal A.?

Answer 13

Anterior Division of Internal Iliac A.

Question 14

Describe the path of the Inferior Gluteal A.

Answer 14

Exits the Pelvic Cavity through the Greater Sciatic Foramen, inferior to the Piriformis M, to go on and supply Gluteal M.

Question 15

Describe the path of the Internal Pudendal A.

Answer 15

Exits the Pelvic Cavity through the Greater Sciatic Foramen, turns around and enters the Lesser Sciatic Foramen before going into the Pudendal Canal (Obturator Fascia).

Question 16

List the main branches that come off of the Internal Pudendal A. in males. (5)

Answer 16

1. Inferior Rectal A.
2. Perineal A.
3. Artery of the bulb of Penis
4. Deep A. of the Penis
5. Dorsal A. of the Penis

Question 17

List the branches that come off of the internal Pudendal A. in females. (5)

Answer 17

1. Inferior Rectal A.
2. Perineal A.
3. Artery of the Vestibule of Vagina
4. Deep A. of the Clitoris
5. Dorsal A. of the Clitoris

Question 18

Where is the origin of the Inferior Rectal A.?

Answer 18

Internal Pudendal A.

Question 19

The Inferior Vesical A. in a male is coming off of the Anterior Division of the Internal Iliac A. What are the two branches that come off of it?

Answer 19

1. Prostatic Branch

2. Artery to Ductus Deferens

Question 20

Name the terminal branch of the Perineal A. (Different in males and females)

Answer 20

Males - Posterior Scrotal A.

Females - Posterior Labial A.

Question 21

What are the terminal Branches of the Internal Iliac A.?

Answer 21

Inferior Gluteal A.

Internal Pudendal A.

Question 22

What are the terminal Branches of the Internal Pudendal A.? (Different in males and females)

Answer 22

Males - Deep A. of the Penis and Dorsal A. of the Penis

Females - Deep A. of Clitoris and Dorsal A. of Clitoris

Question 23

The Terminal Branches of the Internal Pudendal A. are going to pierce which structure?

Answer 23

Perineal Membrane

Question 24

Describe the relationship between the Piriformis M. and the Gluteal N and As..

Answer 24

Above the Piriformis M. - Superior Gluteal N and A

Below the Piriformis M. - Inferior Gluteal N and A

Question 25

List the branches off of the Posterior Division of the Internal Iliac A.

Answer 25

1. Iliolumbar A.
2. Superior Gluteal A.
3. Lateral Sacarl A.

Question 26

What are the two branches off of the Iliolumbar A.?

Answer 26

1. Iliac Branch (Supplies Ilium and Iliacus M.)

2. Lumbar Branch (Supplies Psoas Major M. and Quadratus Lumborum M.)

Question 27

Normally the Superior Gluteal A. comes off of the Posterior Division and the Inferior Gluteal A. comes off of the Anterior Division of the Internal Iliac A. What is another common variation of these two Gluteal As?

Answer 27

Both coming off of the Posterior Division of the Internal Iliac A.

Question 28

Differentiate between Internal and External Hemorrhoids.

Answer 28

Internal - Prolapse of mucosa containing the Internal Rectal Venous Plexus; thus, impeding blood flow. NON-PAINFUL!

External - Blood Clots in the External Venous Plexus that bulge out the mucosa and overlying skin. PAINFUL!