Pelvic And Perineal Osteology And Arthrology

Question 1

The “True” Pelvis is located between which two structures (Above and Below)?

Answer 1

Located between the Pelvic Brim and Pelvic Diaphragm

Question 2

Where is the perineum located?

Answer 2

Inferior to the Pelvic diaphragm, between the thighs and buttocks, and from the coccyx to the pubis

Question 3

How do structures (obturator A., N. and V.) get in and out of the obturator foramen?

Answer 3

Obturator Groove

Question 4

Which muscle is going to insert on the Iliopubic Eminence?

Answer 4

Psoas Minor M.

Question 5

Explain the different derivatives of the:

• Median Sacral Crest
• Medial Sacral Crest
• Lateral Sacral Crest

Answer 5

Fused Spinous Processes (Median SC)
Fused Articulating Processes (Medial SC)
Fused Transverse Processes (Lateral SC)

Question 6

Differentiate between Pelvic Brim and Pelvic Girdle.

Answer 6

Bony Pelvis: 2 Coxal Bones and Sacrum (Promontory)

Pelvic Girdle: 2 Coxal Bones joined at the Pubic Symphysis

Question 7

Linea terminalis is composed of which two parts?

Answer 7

1. Pectineal Line (Pubic bone)

2. Arcuate Line (Ilium)

Question 8

Differentiate Between Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis.

Answer 8

Spondylolysis: Separation of the vertebral arch from vertebral body

Spondylolisthesis: Abnormal anteriolry directed separation of L5 vertebral segment from sacrum

Question 9

Which structures are above and below the Pelvic Canal?

Answer 9

Superior and Inferior Pelvic Aperture

Question 10

Describe the different morphological changes in the male and female pelvis.

Answer 10

Male: Thicker, heavier, deeper greater pelvis, narrower and deeper lesser pelvis, ANDROID Pelvic Inlet, small pelvic outlet, narrow pubic arch, ROUND obturator foramen, and LARGE acetabulum.

Female: GYNECOID Pelvic Inlet, and opposite of the males.

Question 11

With Pelvic Fractures or Crush fractures, which two parts of the os coxae are normally crushed?

Answer 11

Superior and Inferior Pubic Rami

Question 12

The Pubic Symphysis is made up of which type of cartilage? Which type of joint?

Answer 12

Fibrocartilage. Symphysis Joint

Question 13

The sacroiliac joint is said to be a compound joint, describe the different joint types that are involved.

Answer 13

Anterior: B/w Auricular surface (sacrum) and Articular surface (Ilium) - (Planar Synovial)

Posterior: B/w Sacral and Ischial Tuberosities (Fibrous Syndesmosis)

Question 14

The Posterior Sacroiliac L. has a long and a short component. Which ligament does the long component blend into as it moves inferiorly?

Answer 14

Sacrotuberous L.

Question 15

Which Ligament is important in forming the Greater Sciatic Notch? Lesser Sciatic Notch?

Answer 15

Greater SN: Sacrospinous Ligament

Lesser SN: Sacrotuberous Ligament

Question 16

Name the different “pouches” in males (1) and females (2) where fluid can build up in the most inferior part of the peritoneum.

Answer 16

Male: Rectovesical Pouch
Femal: Rectouterine Pouch and Vesicouterine Pouch

Question 17

Name the different parts of the broad ligament of the uterus (4).

Answer 17

1. Mesometrium
2. Mesosalpinx
3. Mesovarium
4. Suspensory Ligament of the Ovary

Question 18

Which two ligaments are going to make up the Tendinous Arch of Pelvic Fascia? (Different in female and male)

Answer 18

1. Anterior
   
   • Puboprostatic L. (male)
   • Pubovesical L. (female)
2. Posterior (Sacrogenital)
   
   • Rectoprostatic L. (male)
   • Uterosacral L. (female)

He said these are considered Parietal!

Question 19

The obturator fascia is going to lie on the Pelvic Side of which muscle?

Answer 19

Obturator Internus M.

Question 20

What forms the walls of the Pudendal Canal and what structures will pass through it?

Answer 20

Obturator Fascia

Pudendal Nerve and Internal Pudendal Artery

Question 21

The Hpogastric Sheath is part of which fascial Layer? Name the different parts of the sheath (3).

Answer 21

Condensed Endopelvic Fascia

1. Lateral L. of Bladder (Anterior)
2. Middle Lamina of Hypogastric Sheath
   
   • Rectovesical Septum (Male)
   • Transverse Cerival L. (Female)
3. Lateral Rectal L. (Posterior)

Question 22

Which two ligaments do we have to worry about after a mother has given birth?

Answer 22

1. Transverse Cervical L. (Aka Cardinal L.)

2. Uterosacral L. (from Parietal membranous fascia and part of the Tendinous Arch)

Question 23

The Inguinal Ligament is attached to which two structures?

Answer 23

ASIS and Pubic Tubercle

Question 24

Name the Ligament that is deep to the Posterior Sacroiliac Ligament.

Answer 24

Interosseous Sacroiliac Ligament

Creates the Iliac and Sacral Tuberosities. Really THICK!

Question 25

What is the name of the structure that separates the Deep and Superficial Perineal Pouches?

Answer 25

Perineal Membrane

Question 26

List the Contents in the Superficial Perineal Pouch (different for male and female).

Answer 26

Male: Bulb and Crura of Penis, Bulbs of vestibule, branches of the Internal Pudendal A. and V., and of the Pudendal N. Female: Crura of Clitoris, Bulbs of the vestibule, Superficial Perineal M., Greater Vestibular Glands, Branches of Internal Pudendal A., V., and N.

Question 27

List the Contents in the Deep Perineal Pouch (different for male and female).

Answer 27

Male: Membranous urethra, muscles of urogenital diaphragm, bulbourethral glands) Female: Muscles of urogenital diaphragm and neurology

Question 28

What forms the obturator canal and which structures pass through it?

Answer 28

Obturator Membrane | Obturator A., V. and N.

Question 29

State the location and purpose of the Ischioanal Fossa.

Answer 29

Located around the wall of the Anal Canal, inferior to the Pelvic Diaphragm. Its function is to allow for expansion of the Anal Canal during defecation.

Question 30

Name the two structures that are part of the Anal Triangle.

Answer 30

1. Ischioanal Fossa | 2. Pudendal Canal

Question 31

Name the five structures that are part of the Urogenital Triangle.

Answer 31

1. Perineal Membrane 2. Superficial Perineal Fascia 3. Deep Perineal Fascia 4. Superficial Perineal Pouch 5. Deep Perineal Pouch

Question 32

Name the structure that is considered the overlapping point between the Ischial Ramus and the Inferior Pubic Ramus.

Answer 32

Ischiopubic Ramus

Question 33

Name the main component of the Condensed Endopelvic Fascia

Answer 33

Hypogastric Sheath