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PD Block 3 > Pelvic Exam > Flashcards

Pelvic Exam Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

Things to look for/at during pelvic inspection

A
  1. Hair distribution
  2. Lesions/rashes
  3. Discharge
  4. Labial folds
  5. Bartholin/skene glands
  6. Urethral meatus
  7. perineum
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2
Q

What is the purpose of the speculum portion of the exam

A

To assess the vaginal walls and cervix

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3
Q

What are you palpating during pelvic exam

A
  1. Milking the skene gland for discharge
  2. Squeezing bartholin gland for tenderness and discharge
  3. Feeling the adnexa -bimanual
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4
Q

Bimanual examinaton

A

Done to inspect the uterus and adnexa for growths, size, location and tenderness

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5
Q

Anteverted uterus

A

Uterus is tipped forward

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6
Q

Anteflexed uterus

A

Top of uterus is bent forward relative to cervix.

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7
Q

Gravida

A

A pregnant woman

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8
Q

Gravidity

A

The # of pregnancies a woman has had

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9
Q

Para

A

A woman who has given birth

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10
Q

Parity

A

The # of completed pregnancies over 24 weeks gestation

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11
Q

Retroverted uterus

A

Uterus is tilted back towards spine

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12
Q

Retroflexed uterus

A

top of uterus flops back towards spine

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13
Q

Multiparous

A

A woman who has given birth to more than one child

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14
Q

Multigravida

A

A woman who has been pregnant more than once

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15
Q

Corpus

A

The main body of the uterus

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16
Q

Fundus

A

The top of the uterus, lies inbetween the fallopian tubes

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17
Q

Adnexa

A

Ovaries and fallopian tubes

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18
Q

Nulliparous

A

Never given birth to a child, or carried a child past 24 weeks

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19
Q

Nulliparity

A

Condition of not haven given birth to a child

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20
Q

Water under the bridge

A

Ureter is under the ovarian artery, very important when doing hysterectomies.

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21
Q

What is the OS

A

The opening of the cervix (there is an internal and external os)

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22
Q

Which direction does the cervix normally point

A

Slightly posterior, with fundus pointing anteriorly

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23
Q

Where is the uterus in relation to the bladder

A

Posterior, but some of the uterus my rest on top of bladder

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24
Q

Follicular phase

Study These Flashcards
A

Preovulatory phase of the ovaries.

25
What is follicle stimulated by
FSH from pituitary
26
Luteal phase
Postovulatory phase of ovaries.
27
What is luteal phase stimulated by
LH from pituitary.
28
What happens during follicular phase
formation of primary, secondary, and tertiary follicle
29
What happens during luteal phase
Formation and degeneration of corpus lutes (progesterone and estrogen secreted)
30
What happens during days 1-4 of menstrual cycle
1. Bleeding 2. New egg/follicle are being prepared 3. FSH/LH levels decrease 4. Breast ducts shrink
31
What happens during days 5-12 of menstrual cycle
1. Follicle matures (follicular phase) 2. Egg develops within follicle 3. FSH stimulates follicle for growth 4. Uterus is thickening
32
What happens during days 13-14 of menstrual cycle
"ovulation phase" Egg expelled from ovary, drawn into FT, begins to form corpus luteum (luteal phase). LH levels are very high!
33
What happens during days 15-20 of menstrual cycle
"Secretory phase" Egg is moved by cilia into the uterus, becomes complete corpus luteum.
34
What happens during days 21-28 of menstrual cycle
"premenstrual phase" If no sperm, the corpus luteum degenerates. Menstruation starts around day 28. Vascular engorgement and water retention.
35
Pediatric Pederson speculum
Pediatric speculum. Used in children, adolescent, or virgin
36
Graves speculum
Largest speculum. Used in women who have had previous vaginal births, or very relaxed walls
37
Pederson speculum
Medium sized speculum. Used in sexually active women with adequate vaginal wall tone
38
What does the os look like in a nulliparous woman
Surface will be pink squamous epithelium, with uniform consistency and small os
39
What does the os look like in a parous woman
Surface of os will be covered with pink squamous epithelium, and will have a transverse stellate slit - slit in os
40
What position may work best for a disabled female
lying on their side in the knee-chest position
41
Typical findings in an older woman during pelvic exam
Postmenopausal changes: decreased estrogen, thinning of vaginal tissues, loss of labia minora
42
Typical findings in children during a pelvic exam
Labia minor thin, hymen intact. May have to use different positions with the child (utilized parent to help hold)
43
Things to look for in a pregnant woman
1. Gestational age estimation 2. Uterine size/contour 3. pelvic size 4. Cervix size/dilation
44
When do you start pelvic exams on adolescents
If sexually active, within 3 years of sex. If not sexually active, first exam should be at 21
45
Red flags for sexual abuse | medical findings
1. Trauma/scarring in genital area 2. Unusual change in skin color 3. Anorectal itching, bleeding, or pain 4. Vaginal infections, pain, dysuria, bleeding
46
Red flags for sexual abuse (behavior)
1. School issues 2. Weight changes 3. Depression/anxiety 4. Sleep problems
47
Red flags for sexual abuse (inappropriate sexual behaviors)
1. Provocative mannerisms 2. Excessive masturbation 3. Inappropriate sexual knowledge 4. Sex play between children (4 years age difference)
48
Cervical motion tenderness
Pain elicited when uterine cervix is manipulated during the pelvic exam. Usually due to PID (STI)
49
Vaginal discharge
Normal discharge - odorless Heavier mid-cycle Bacterial/fungal discharge - has an odor
50
Cystocele
Anterior vaginal wall prolapse (can usually be visualized at the introitus)
51
Rectocele
Posterior vaginal wall prolapse (also can be visualized at introitus)
52
Urethrocele
Prolapse of the urethra into the vagina (not always visible externally, depends on the prolapse)
53
Uterine prolapse
The entire uterus prolapses (seen externally - can get pushed out quite a ways)
54
Cervical stenosis
Diameter is 2-3cm, so anything that is smaller is considered a stenosis
55
Friable cervix
Easily irritated and inflamed cervical tissue, bleeds easily
56
Cyanotic cervix
Bluish color that indicates increased vascularity, often seen in pregnant women
57
Ectropion
Normal finding, internal epithelium protrudes through external os
58
Entropion
Opposite of ectropion, external epithelium migrates into the internal cervical canal

PD Block 3 (10 decks)

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