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ANAT 316 > pelvic viscera > Flashcards

pelvic viscera Flashcards

1
Q
A
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2
Q

parts of the pelvic girdle

A
  • sacrum
  • innominate bones
  • coccyx
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3
Q

innominate bone

A

ilium
ischium
pubis

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4
Q

features on the innominate bone

A
  • symphyseal surface
  • ischial tuberosity
  • auricular surface
  • iliopectineal line
  • ischial spine
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5
Q

sacrum and coccyx

A
  • auricular surface
  • sacral promontory
  • sacral ala
  • anterior sacral foramina
  • coccyx
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6
Q

pelvic joints

A

sacroiliac joints
symphysis pubis

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7
Q

sacroiliac joint

A
  • auricular surfaces of sacrum and ilium
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8
Q

symphysis pubis

A
  • fibrocartilaginous disc between left and right pubis (symphyseal surfaces)
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9
Q

pelvic inlet (borders)

A
  • sacral promontory
  • sacral ala
  • iliopectineal line
  • symphysis pubis
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10
Q

pelvic outlet (borders)

A
  • coccyx
  • ischial tuberosities
  • symphysis pubis
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11
Q

false pelvis

A

everything superior to the inlet

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12
Q
A
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13
Q

true pelvis

A

between inlet and outlet
- has the viscera

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14
Q

which of the following is true
a. the interspinous distance is measured between the ischial tuberosities
b. the false pelvis is located between the pelvic inlet and pelvic
c. the false pelvis contains the pelvic viscera
d. the interspinous distance is measured between the ischial spines

A

d.

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15
Q

pelvic diaphragm function

A

support pelvic viscera

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16
Q

pelvic diaphragm features

A

urogenital hiatus
anal aperture

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17
Q

muscles of pelvic diaphragm

A

levator ani group
coccygeus

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18
Q

part of levator ani group

A

puborectalis
puboccygeus
iliococcygeus
coccygeus (ischioccygeus)

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19
Q

puborectalis

A

pubis –> goes around the anal aperture
makes anal sling (hold rectum in place)

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20
Q

pubococcygeus

A

pubis–> coccyx

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21
Q

iliococcygeus

A

ilium–> coccyx

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22
Q

coccygeus (ischioccygeus)

A

ischium–> coccyx

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23
Q

which of the following pelvic diaphragm muscles DO NOT form the urogenital hiatus
a. puborectalis
b. ilioccygeus
c. puboccygeus
d. coccygeus
e. B and D
F. all but a

A

F

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24
Q

pelvic viscera male

A
  • vas deferens
  • seminal vesicles
  • ejaculatory ducts
  • prostate gland
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25
Q

pelvic viscera female

A
  • uterus
  • uterine tubes
  • ovaries
  • vagina
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26
Q

pelvic viscera male and female (share)

A

bladder
ureters
sigmoid colon
rectum

27
Q

broad ligament

A

covers female pelvic viscera
- double fold of peritoneum
- three divisions

28
Q

the three division of the broad ligament

A

mesometrium
mesovarium
mesosalpinx

29
Q

mesometrium

A

largest division of the ligament
covers the uterus and bladder

30
Q

mesovarium

A

suspends ovaries from uterus tubes

31
Q

mesoalpinx

A

surrounds uterine tubes

32
Q

parts of the uterus

A
  • fundus
  • uterine cavity
  • internal Os
  • cervical canal
  • cervix
  • external Os
33
Q

uterus ligaments

A

uterosacral lig
cardinal lig
round lig

34
Q

uterosacral ligament

A

uterus to sacrum (more posterior)

35
Q

carinal ligament

A

“wings”
project laterally

36
Q

round ligament

A

attaches uterus to anterior cavity

37
Q

uterine tubes (features)

A

isthmus (tube to the uterus)
ampulla
infundibulum
fimbriae (finger like that scoop up the eggs)

38
Q

ovaries (functions)

A
  • paired almond shaped organs
  • located superior to the uterus
  • produce ova (eggs)
  • secrete estrogen & progesterone
39
Q

ovaries (features)

A
  • ovarian ligament
  • suspensory ligament of the ovary (anchor them to the pelvic side wall)
  • mesovarium
40
Q

vagina

A
  • opening to the external environment
  • begins at the external os of the cervix
  • posterior to the bladder
  • protrusion of cervix creates fornixes
41
Q

fornixes of vagina

A

posterior
anterior
lateral (2)

42
Q

ductus (vas) deferens

A

sits on posterior surface of the bladder

43
Q

seminal vesicles

A
  • posterior surface of bladder
  • lateral to ductus deferens (sorta below)
  • glandular structures
  • store and produce fluid that makes up a majority of semen
44
Q

ejaculatory ducts

A
  • formed by the union of the seminal vesicles and ductus deferens
45
Q

prostate gland

A
  • inferior to bladder
  • walnut shaped
  • traversed by the prostatic urethra
  • prostatic utricle contracts to widen the opening of the ejaculatory ducts
46
Q

sigmoid colon

A
  • S shaped
  • distal end of colon
  • continuous with the rectum distally
  • last section of colon
47
Q

rectum

A
  • continuous with the anal canal distal
    two flexures:
    1. sacral flexure
    2. anorectal flexure
48
Q

rectum- internal anatomy

A

3 transverse folds
- superior rectal fold
- middle rectal fold
- inferior rectal fold
3 lateral flexures

49
Q

ureters (travel)

A
  1. exits renal pelvis
  2. pass posterior to gonadal vessels and anterior to psoas major
  3. pass anterior to iliac vessels
  4. enter the posterior aspect of the bladder
50
Q

bladder (features)

A

apex (top of bladder)
body
ureters (posterior)

inside:
trigone
internal urethral orifice (opening bladder–>urthra)
urethra

51
Q

location of males anatomy

A

prostate gland (middle)
- bladder (superior)
- pelvic diaphragm (inferior)
- symphysis pubis (anterior)
- Seminal vesicles (posterior)

52
Q

location of female anantomy

A

bladder (middle)
- uterus (superior)
- pelvic diaphragm (inferior)
- symphysis pubis (anterior)
- vagina (posterior)

53
Q

which of the following in INCORRECT?
a. the bladder is the most superior in the female pelvic cavity
b. the prostate contains the ejaculatory ducts
c. the rectum is posterior to the bladder
d. the pubis symphysis is anterior to the bladder

A

a

54
Q

from the kidneys the ureters travel?

A

anterior to the iliac vessels

55
Q

blood supply of uterus

A

internal iliac artery –> uterine artery

56
Q

blood supply to ovaries

A

abdominal aorta–> r. ovarian artery–> L. ovarian artery

57
Q

blood supply to sigmoid colon

A

inferior mesenteric artery–> sigmoidal artery

58
Q

blood supply to rectum

A

inferior mesenteric artery–> superior rectal artery

internal iliac artery (off abdominal aorta) –> middle rectal artery–> inferior rectal artery

59
Q

innervation of pelvic viscera

A

innervated by the autonomic nervous system
- sympathetic NS
- parasympathetic NS

60
Q

sympathetic innveration

A

preganglionic neurons in L1 & L2–> inferior mesenteric ganglion, or inferior hypogastric plexus –> pelvic viscera

61
Q

sympathetic innervation pelvic viscera (function)

A

INHBITS the bladder, EXCITIES the internal urethral sphincter- prevents urination

INHIBITS peristaltic contraction, EXCITIES internal anal sphincter- prevents defecation

EXCITIES uterine contraction

62
Q

parasympathetic innervation

A

preganglionic neurons: S2, S3, S4 –> pelvic splanchnic nerves–> pelvic viscera

63
Q

parasympathetic innervation of pelvic viscera (functions)

A

excites the bladder, inhibits the internal urethral sphincter- allows urination

excites peristaltic contraction, inhibits internal anal sphincter- allows defecation

inhibits uterine contraction

64
Q

which of the follwoing is right?
a. para innervation to the pelvic viscera causes an increase in peristalsis
b. the uterus is supplied directly from branches of the abdominal aorta
c. the rectum is supplied only by the inferior mesenteric artery
d. the internal iliac arteries supply the uterus via the uterine arteries

A

a. and b.

ANAT 316 (17 decks)

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