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Clinical Anatomy 2 > Pelvis & Pelvic Viscera Learning Objectives > Flashcards

Pelvis & Pelvic Viscera Learning Objectives Flashcards

1
Q

Name the bony elements of the pelvic girdle

A

L., basin
Innominate x 2
Sacrum
Coccyx

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2
Q

Name the structures that form the boundaries of the pelvic inlet (brim)

A

divides pelvis into greater (false) and lesser (true)

  • Sacral promontory
  • Arcuate line
  • Pectineal line
  • Pubic symphysis
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3
Q

Name the structures that form the boundaries of the pelvic outlet

A
  • Coccyx
  • Sacrotuberous ligament
  • Sacrospinous ligament
  • Ischial tuberosities
  • Pubic arch
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4
Q

Describe the divisions of the pelvis

A

Abdominal cavity

Greater pelvis (false): superior to pelvic brim

Lesser pelvis (true): inferior to pelvic brim, superior to pelvic outlet

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5
Q

Name the pelvic joints and ligaments that cross them

A

Anterior/posterior sacroiliac ligaments
- Sacrum to innominate; stabilizer

Sacrospinous ligament
- Sacrum to ischial spine

Sacrotuberous ligament
- Sacrum to ischial tuberosity

Anterior longitudinal ligament
- Spans the anterior aspect of lumbar spine/sacrum

Iliolumbar ligament
- Ilium to TP of 5th lumbar vertebrae

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6
Q

List the ways the male and female pelvis differ from one another

A

Subpubic angle is primary identifier

  • Male
    o subpubic angle: 70 deg
    o Heart-shaped inlet
    o Narrow outlet
    o Narrow cavity
    o Narrow, convex sacrum
  • Female
    o subpubic angle: 90-100 deg
    o Oval-shaped inlet
    o Roomy outlet
    o Roomy cavity
    o Wide, flat sacrum
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7
Q

Describe the basic structure of the pelvic viscera

A

???

Terminal parts of digestive and urinary systems

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8
Q

Describe the structure and course of the ductus (vas) deferens

A

Conveys sperm to ejaculatory duct

  • Travels through inguinal canal
  • Superior to ureter
  • Posterior to urinary bladder
  • Merges with seminal glands to form ejaculatory ducts within prostate
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9
Q

Describe the location of the prostate

A

Inferior to urinary bladder

Surrounds prostatic urethra

Contributes alkaline fluid

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10
Q

Describe the location of the bulbourethral glands

A

Inferior to prostate

Within perineal membrane

Contributes lubricating secretions into spongy urethra

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11
Q

Name the four parts of the male urethra

A

*Preprostatic
Prostatic part
Membranous part
Spongy part

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12
Q

Describe the basic structure of the female internal reproductive organs: OVARIES

A

Ligaments:
- ovarian
- suspensory

Peritoneal folds:
- mesovarium
- mesosalpinx
- mesometrium

composed of dense fibrous tissue in which ova are produced and discharged from follicles (ovulation)

Ovarian vessels (in ovarian suspensory ligament)

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13
Q

Mesovarium

A

Surrounds ovarian and suspensory ligaments, ovarian vessels

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14
Q

Mesosalpinx

A

Surrounds uterine tubes

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15
Q

Mesometrium

A

surrounds uterine vessels

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16
Q

Describe the basic structure of the female internal reproductive organs: UTERINE TUBES

A

Fimbria
Ampulla
Infundibulum
Isthmus

Direct the oocyte from peritoneal cavity to the uterine cavity

17
Q

Describe the basic structure of the female internal reproductive organs: UTERUS

A

Fundus
Corpus
Cervix (neck)
Internal and external os

Thick-walled muscular organ; fetal development and delivery

18
Q

Describe the basic structure of the female internal reproductive organs: VAGINA

A

Cervical canal –> vaginal vestibule

Vaginal fornix
Anterior/posterior walls
Vaginal orifice
Vaginal vestibule with labium minora

Uterine, vaginal, internal pudendal vessels

Canal for menstrual fluid; inferior part of birth canal; sexual intercourse

19
Q

Describe the location and general function of the perineum

A

Shallow, narrow compartment
Inferior to pelvic floor muscles/fascia
Supports openings from the pelvic floor

20
Q

Name the boundaries and contents of the male and female perineum

A

Boundaries:
- Pubic symphysis
- Ischiopubis rami
- Ischial tuberosities
- Sacrotuberous ligaments
- Sacrum/coccyx

Anterior division: urogenital triangle
Posterior division: anal triangle

Includes genitals and anus

21
Q

Describe the location of the erectile tissues of the female

A

Glans of clitoris
Vestibular bulb (bulbospongiosus m.)
Crus of clitoris (ischiocavernosus m.)

22
Q

Describe the location of the erectile tissues of the male

A

Corpus cavernosum (enlargement: glans of penis; covered by ischiocavernosus m.)

Corpus spongiosum (bulb of penis; covered by bulbospongiosum)

23
Q

Describe the ischioanal fossa including contents

A
  • Fats pads and loose connective tissue
  • Found in anal triangle
  • Bordered by levator ani and obturator internus mm.
  • Provides support to rectum (prevent prolapse)
  • Contains pudendal canal (pudendal n., internal pudendal a/v)
24
Q

List the structures comprising the male external genitalia

A

Distal urethra
Penis
Scrotum
Anus

25
Q

List the structures comprising the female external genitalia

A

Vulva
- mons pubis
- labia majora
- labia minora
- clitoris
- vaginal opening
- urethral opening

Anus

26
Q

Describe the internal features of the scrotum

A

Scrotum
Tunica dartos
External spermatic fascia
Cremasteric fascia and cremaster muscle
Internal spermatic fascia
Tunica vaginalis, parietal layer
Testis with tunica vaginalis, visceral layer

27
Q

Describe the course and branches of the pudendal nerve

A

Descends vertically through sciatic foramina (around pelvic floor)
- Leaves pelvis via greater sciatic foramen
- Re-enters pelvis via lesser sciatic foramen

Branches
- inferior rectal n.
- perineal n.
– deep
– superficial
– posterior labial/scrotal
- dorsal nerve of penis/clitoris

28
Q

Components of pudendal n. responsible for male erection

A

Smooth mm. of corpora cavernosa relax

Parasympathetic s2-4; cavernous nn. extensions of prostatic plexus

29
Q

Components of pudendal n. responsible for male ejaculation

A

Contraction of internal genital organs

Sympathetic L1-2; lumbar splanchnics to hypogastric plexus

30
Q

Explain the characteristics of the anal canal

A

Pelvic diaphragm –> anus
External/internal anal sphincters

Clinical Anatomy 2 (20 decks)

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