Penecillins

Question 1

Long half-lives
● The drug is released slowly
● Cross the blood-brain barrier when
meninges are inflamed
● Excreted by the kidneys; dose
adjustment may be required

Answer 1

Penecilin G

Question 2

Penecillin obstructed by food

Answer 2

Penecillin V

Question 3

ROA of Penecillin G

Answer 3

IM/IV

Question 4

ROA of Penecillin V

Answer 4

PO

Question 5

Penecillins ara Bactericidal or Bacteriostatic

Answer 5

Bactericidal

Question 6

T/F Penecillins Prevents bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to and inhibiting cell wall transpeptidases

Answer 6

T

Question 7

What drug cause the Inhibition of transpeptidase enzyme that act to cross-link linear______ chains

Answer 7

Penecillin; Peptidoglycan

Question 8

Penecillin activates _________ _________ that cause lesions in the bacterial cell wall

Answer 8

Autolytic enzymes

Question 9

Clinical Applications:

Streptococci
● Meningococci
● Gram (+) bacilli and some gram (+) rods
● Spirochetes
● Treponema pallidum
● Clostridium sp., Actinomyces

Answer 9

Penecillin G

Question 10

Clinical Applications:

● Treponema pallidum - neurosyphilis
● B-hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis
● Streptococci, meningococci, and
pneumococci infections
● Enterococci

Answer 10

BENZATHINE & PROCAINE PENICILIN G

Question 11

DOC of Treponema pallidum

Answer 11

Penecillin G

Question 12

Clinical Applications:

● Oropharyngeal infections
● Infections by aerobic Gram (+) bacteria
and some Gram (-) cocci (gonococci and meningococci)

Answer 12

Penecillin V

Question 13

Toxicities:

Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction - lesions, tachycardia, hypervetilation, myalgia, fever, sepsis; 1-3 hrs after antibiotics

Answer 13

Penecillin

Question 14

Narrow Spectrum Beta Lactams

Answer 14

Penecillin G, Benzathine and Procaine Penecillin G, Penecillin V

Question 15

VERY NARROW SPECTRUM PENICILLINASE RESISTANT AGENTS AGAINST S. AUREUS

Answer 15

Methicillin, Nafcillin, Oxacillin, Dicloxacillin

Question 16

WIDER SPECTRUM PENICILLINASE SUSCEPTIBLE DRUGS

Answer 16

Ampicillin, Amoxicillin, Piperacillin, Ticarcillin

Question 17

Very Narrow Spectrum Penecillins are partly excreted in _____

Answer 17

Bile

Question 18

Where is dose adjustment required?

Answer 18

Narrow Spectrum Penecillin

Question 19

What Penecillin is highly protein bound

Answer 19

Nafcillin

Question 20

Prototype antistaphylococcal drug

Answer 20

Methicillin

Question 21

Clinical Applications:

Serious staphylococcal infections (endocarditis)

Answer 21

Nafcillin and Oxacillin

Question 22

Clinical Applications:

Mild to moderate localized staphylococcal infections

Answer 22

Dicloxacillin

Question 23

Toxicites:

useless against MRSA

Answer 23

Methicillin

Question 24

Toxicities:

Neutropenia

Answer 24

Nafcillin

Question 25

Toxicities: Interstitial nephritis

Answer 25

Methicillin

Question 26

Toxicities: Hepatitis

Answer 26

Oxacillin

Question 27

Pkinetics: Acid-stable; can be orally absorbed

Answer 27

Ampicillin and Amoxicillin

Question 28

Are Amoxicillin and Ampicillin impaired by food

Answer 28

Yes

Question 29

What Penecillin inhibitors is used with amoxicillin

Answer 29

Clavulanic acid

Question 30

What Penecillin inhibitors is used with ampicillin

Answer 30

Sulbactam

Question 31

What Penecillin inhibitors is used with piperacillin

Answer 31

Tazobactam

Question 32

Penecillin tubular excretion is inhibited by

Answer 32

Probenecid

Question 33

Polar/Non Polar Excreted in urine

Answer 33

Polar

Question 34

Pkinetics: Plasma half-life vary from 30 min to 1 h

Answer 34

Ampicillin and Nafcillin

Question 35

What drug is immune to Gram -

Answer 35

Amoxicillin

Question 36

Penecillin G against enterococci is enhanced with

Answer 36

Aminoglycoside

Question 37

Clinical application: Penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae (PRSP) strains

Answer 37

Penecillin G

Question 38

DOC of Pneumococcal infections

Answer 38

Ampicillin

Question 39

Clinical Applications: Susceptible organisms ● Shigella ● Anaerobes ● Enterococci ● L. monocytogenes ● β-lactamase-negative strains o Gr(-) cocci o Gr(-) bacilli o E. coli ● Salmonella sp.

Answer 39

Amoxicillin and Ampicillin

Question 40

Clinical Application: Enhanced selectivity against Gr(-) rods ● Pseudomonas – nosocomial infections ● Enterobacter ● Klebsiella

Answer 40

Piperacillin and Tiracillin

Question 41

causes maculopapular rashes

Answer 41

Ampicillin

Question 42

GI disturbance is usually caused by

Answer 42

Ampicillin

Question 43

Causes Pseudomembranous colitis

Answer 43

Ampicillin