Penicillins

Question 1

Spectrum of Penicillin G

Answer 1

Gram +- cocci, non-B-lactamase producing anaerobes (Clostridum perfringens), spirochetes, gram + bacilli (bacillus anthracis, diphtheria)

Question 2

Which has better oral availability?

Ampicillin vrs. Amoxicillin

Answer 2

Amoxicillin

Question 3

Antipseudomonal penicllins spectrum
C
T
P
A
M

Answer 3

Carbenicillin, Ticarcillin, Piperacillin, Azlocillin, Mezlocillin

Question 4

Penicillin G is highly water ____
Stable in _____(dry/wet) state
Acid _____ (Labile/resistant)

Answer 4

Water soluble, dry state, acid labile

Question 5

1 IU of crystalline benzyl penicillin =

Answer 5

0.6 micrograms of standard preparation

Question 6

Concentration of standard natural penicillins can be increased by

Answer 6

Probenecid

Question 7

2.4 million units IM of Benzathine penicillin once a week for 3-4 wks to treat

Answer 7

Syphilis

Question 8

Action of probenecid

Answer 8

Inhibits tubular secretion of penicillin

Question 8

Action of Benzathine and procaine penicillins

Answer 8

Delay absorption resulting in prolonged blood/tissue conc.

Question 9

How to administer benzathine penicillin? Time in blood? Prevents?

Answer 9

IM injection of 1.2 million units
3 weeks
Prevents B-hemolytic streptococcal infection

Question 10

How many hours will Procaine penicillin be Sufficient in 600,000 units

Answer 10

12-24 hours

Question 12

Name 1 drug to treat UTIs caused by Enterobacteriaceae and E. coli

Answer 12

Amoxicillin

Question 13

Therapeutic uses of Penicillin V

Answer 13

Taken orally for minor infections especially group A streptococcus

Question 13

Nafcillin is ____(water/lipid) soluble

Crosses BB? (Yes/no)

Extracted primarily in____

Administered via___ of ____grams every ____hours

Answer 13

Lipid soluble,
Can cross BBB
Excretes in bile
Intravenous infusion 1-2g every 4-6 hours

Question 15

What treatment is preferred for Shigellosis?

Answer 15

Ampicillin

Question 17

MRSA staphylococcal species action:

Answer 17

Altered penicillin binding proteins

Question 18

Aminopenicillins spectrum

Answer 18

Grab + cocci, E. coli, H. Influenza, Listeria monocytogenes, borrelia burgdorferi, H pylori

Question 18

Will food interfere with absorption of Isoxazolyl penicillins?

Answer 18

Yes

Question 20

Narrow spectrum Anti-staphylococcal Penicillins
M
N
O
C
D
I

Answer 20

Methicillin
Nafcillin
Oxacillin
Cloxacillin
Dicloxacillin
Isoxazolyl Penicillin

Question 20

If methicillin resistant staph aureus, treat with____, if still resistant treat with (L,Q,D)

Answer 20

Vancomycin

Linezolid, Quinupristin, Daflopristin

Question 21

All oral penicillins should be given 1-2 hours before/after a meal except

Answer 21

Amoxicillins

Question 22

3 B-lactamase inhibitors

Answer 22

Clavulanic acid, Sulbactam, Tazobactam

Question 23

Extended spectrum of Ampicillin
E
L
E
S

Answer 23

Anaerobes, enterococci, listeria monocytogenes, Non B-lacatmase strains of E. coli and salmonella

Question 24

Treatment of Salmonella infections

Answer 24

Ampicillin

Question 25

Severe adverse effect of Ampicillin

Answer 25

Psuedomembranous colitis

Question 25

Therapeutic uses of aminopenicillins

Answer 25

URTIs

Question 27

Treatment of Meningitis caused by Listeria monocytogenes

Answer 27

Ampicillin + Vancomycin + third generation cephalosporins

Question 28

Name 2 carboxypenicillins

Answer 28

Carbenicillin, Ticarcillin

Question 29

Ampicillin is good for what complication of salmonella?

Answer 29

Salmonella gastroenteritis

Question 30

GI distress, pseudomembranous colitis, and vaginal candidiasis caused by which penicillin?

Answer 30

Ampicillin

Question 31

Treatment of pseudomonas aeruginosa

Answer 31

Carboxypenicillins

Question 33

High dose of carboxypenicillins can cause

Answer 33

Bleeding by interfering with platelet function

Question 34

3 Ureidopenicillins

Answer 34

Piperacillin Mezlocillin Azlocillin

Question 35

Treatment of Klebsiella pneumoniae

Answer 35

The ureidopenicillins

Question 36

A dentist undergoes oral surgery and treats the patient (has abnormal heart valves) for prophylactic use of

Answer 36

Amoxicillin

Question 36

Outside of the urinary tract, antipseudomonal Penicillin is frequently used in combo with ___or___

Answer 36

Aminoglycoside or fluoroquinolone

Question 37

Nephrotoxicity results from which penicillin?

Answer 37

Methicillin

Question 38

Which 2 penicillins causes platelet dysfunction?

Answer 38

Carbenicillin, Ticarcillin

Question 39

Which penicillin causes neutropenia?

Answer 39

Nafcillin

Question 40

Penicillin injected into syphilitic patient produces fever, malaise, joint pain, hypotension is called a ____reaction...

Answer 40

Jarisch-herxheimer reaction

Question 41

Clavulanic acid is prepared with 2 penicillins

Answer 41

Amoxicillin(oral) and Ticarcillin(parenteral)

Question 42

Sulbactam is taken with ___ administered via ___

Answer 42

Ampicillin via parenteral

Question 43

Tazobactam taken with _____ administered via ____

Answer 43

Piperacillin via parenteral

Question 44

Difference between B-lactams and penicillins

Answer 44

B-lactams are more stable to B-lactamases

Question 45

Burn patients and Cystic fibrosis patients need what type of drug?

Answer 45

Carboxypenicillins