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Biochem II Midterm > Pentose Phosphate Pathway (Shunt) > Flashcards

Pentose Phosphate Pathway (Shunt) Flashcards

1
Q

When the irreversible (redox) pathway occurs in the liver and RBC, what is the purpose?

A

To generate NADPH for antioxidant protection for function of the enzyme glutathione reductase

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2
Q

When the irreversible (redox) pathway occurs in the liver only, what is the purpose?

A

To generate NADPH for fatty acid synthesis and cholesterol synthesis

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3
Q

After the liver has synthesized cholesterol through the irreversible (redox) pathway, what can be done with the cholesterol?

A

Cholesterol can be converted to steroid hormones, Vitamin D, and bile acids/salts

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4
Q

What is the first step of the irreversible (redox) pathway?
What enzyme is involved?

A

Glucose 6P + NADP+ -> 6P gluconate + NADPH
Enzyme: glucose 6P dehydrogenase

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5
Q

What is the second step of the irreversible (redox) pathway?
What enzyme is involved?

A

6P gluconate + NADP+ -> ribulose 5P + CO2 + NADPH
Enzyme: 6P gluconate dehydrogenase

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6
Q

When the reversible portion of the pathway occurs in the liver only, what is the purpose?

A

Use ribose 5P for nucleotide synthesis

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7
Q

What are the following examples of: ATP, GTP, CTP, UTP, NAD+, FAD, NADP+

A

Nucleotides

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8
Q

What reaction occurs in the liver in the reversible portion of the pathway?

A

Ribulose 5P + ribulose 5P -> Xylulose 5P + ribose 5P (epimerase and isomerase)

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9
Q

What is the purpose of the reversible portion of the pathway in RBC?

A

For fructose 6P and glyceraldehyde 3P to reenter glycolysis

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10
Q

reversible portion (liver & RBC)

Ribulose 5P + Ribulose 5P ->

A

Xylulose 5P + ribose 5P (epimerase and isomerase)

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11
Q

reversible portion in RBC

Xylulose 5P + ribose 5P ->

A

Glyceraldehyde 3P + Sedoheptulose 7P (transketolase)

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12
Q

reversible portion in RBC

Glyceraldehyde 3P + sedoheptulose 7P ->

A

Fructose 6P + erythrose 4P (transaldolase)

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13
Q

reversible portion in RBC

Once glyceraldehyde 3P + sedoheptulose 7P -> fructose 6P + erythrose 4P, what happens to fructose 6P?

A

Fructose 6P reenters glycolysis

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14
Q

Erythrose 4P + Ribulose 5P ->

A

Glyceraldehyde 3P + fructose 6P

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15
Q

Once eythrose 4P + ribulose 5P -> glyceraldehyde 3P + fructose 6P, what happens?

A

Both glyceraldehyde 3P and fructose 6P reenter glycolysis

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16
Q

Where does the pentose phosphate shunt occur within cells?

A

Cytoplasm

17
Q

Where does the pentose phosphate shunt occur in the body?

A

Liver and RBC

18
Q

What are the two pathways of the pentose phosphate shunt?

A

Irreversible and reversible

19
Q

How does the liver use NADPH?

A

Antioxidant protection for function of glutathione reductase
Fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis

20
Q

How do RBC use NADPH?

A

Antioxidant protection for function of glutathione reductase

Biochem II Midterm (8 decks)

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