people

Question 1

Jerome

Answer 1

Christian theologian, translated the Bible and held classes for Roman widows and virgins

Question 2

Augustine of Hippo

Answer 2

Philosopher, theologian, and bishop of Hippo Regius. Wrote the City of God, Confessions, and On Christian Doctrine

Question 3

St. Martin of Tours

Answer 3

4th cen. soldier, became a monk (later bishop). Known for spreading Christianity in France and his acts of charity

Question 4

Marcella

Answer 4

4-5th century ascetic, leader of a monastic community in Rome Noted for foundational help in monasticism.

Question 5

Hypatia of Alexandria

Answer 5

Secular philosopher and mathematician, she was murdered by religious zealots for her intellect

Question 6

Galla Placidia

Answer 6

5th century Roman Empress, daughter of Theodosius I, mother of Valentinian III, played a key role in West Roman politics

Question 7

St. Monica

Answer 7

Mother to Augustine of Hippo, she was Christian his entire life and inspired his conversion (as noted in Confessions)

Question 8

Alypius of Thagaste

Answer 8

Christian bishop and friend of Augustine, known for supporting Augustine’s spiritual journey

Question 9

Faustus of Mileve

Answer 9

Bishop and strong advocate for Manichaeism, noted in Confessions by Augustine

Question 10

Marius Victorinus

Answer 10

Translated Aristotle’s works into Latin (the language of scholars), converted to Christianity, and impacted Church’s doctrine & later Christian thinkers

Question 11

Alaric

Answer 11

Visigothic King & military commander, in charge during Roman sack during 410

Question 12

Athaulf

Answer 12

Visigothic King (successor to Alaric), worked on establishing Gothic influence in Roman Empire, had a failed marriage with Galla Placidia

Question 13

Theodoric

Answer 13

(493) Ostrogothic king who established Ostrogothic Kingdom of Italy after the fall of the Western Roman Empire

Question 14

Odoacer

Answer 14

(476) Germanic soldier turned king after deposing last Western Roman Emperor, Romulus Augustus

Question 15

Edward Gibbon

Answer 15

18th century English historian, wrote The Rise and Fall of the Roman Empire

Question 16

Theodosius II

Answer 16

Eastern Roman Emperor, codification of Roman law in the Theodosian Code and construction of Theodosian Walls in Constantinople

Question 17

Pulcheria

Answer 17

Sister to Theodosius II, Eastern Roman Empress, known for Christian orthodoxy and preservation of Eastern Roman Empire

Question 18

Nestorius

Answer 18

Theologian who was excommunicated from Roman Empire for his controversial teachings on the nature of Christ (division between divinity and humanity)

Question 19

Cyril of Alexandria

Answer 19

Patriarch of Alexandria, played significant role in the Council of Ephesus (against Nestorius, viewed Christ’s division as unity)

Question 20

Leo I

Answer 20

(5th cen.) Pope of Roman Catholic church in 5th century, established papal authority and defense of Christian orthodoxy in West Roman Empire

Question 21

Gelasius I

Answer 21

(5-6th cen.) Pope of Roman Catholic church who defended the role of the papacy against secular government

Question 22

Pope Gregory the Great

Answer 22

(6th cen.) Pope who established papal supremacy in the Roman Catholic church and expanded missionary work

Question 23

Augustine of Canterbury

Answer 23

Benedictine monk and first Archbishop of Canterbury, played significant role in converting the Anglo-Saxons to Christianity and established the Christian Church in England

Question 24

Clovis

Answer 24

5th century Frankish king who established the Merovingian Dynasty, conversion of Franks to Christianity, and expansion of Frankish territory in Gaul

Question 25

Childeric

Answer 25

Father of Clovis I, remembered for military successes and laying foundation for Merovingian dynasty

Question 26

Clotild

Answer 26

Frankish Queen, married to Clovis I and instrumental in his conversion to Christianity

Question 27

Gregory of Tours

Answer 27

6th century Gallo-Roman historian and Bishop of Tours known for "History of the Franks"

Question 28

Sidonius Apollinaris

Answer 28

Gallo-Roman aristocrat, Bishop of Clermont, known for his works that provide insight on politics, society, and culture of Roman Gaul

Question 29

Justin I

Answer 29

6th century Byzantinian Emperor known for his efforts to strengthen the empire and establishment of Justinian dynasty

Question 30

Justinian

Answer 30

Justin I's nephew and adopted son, who became the emperor after Justin I and codified the Roman law, construction of monumental buildings (HAGIA SOPHIA), and did military campaigns to regain lost territory from the West.

Question 31

Theodora

Answer 31

Byzantine Empress who played a significant role in Justinian's politics and society

Question 32

Belisarius

Answer 32

"The Last of the Romans," successful Byzantine general who led military campaigns in North Africa and Italy

Question 33

Antonina

Answer 33

Wife of Belisarius

Question 34

Khusro I

Answer 34

Persian King of the Sassanian Empire who implemented reforms in government, society, and military

Question 35

Procopius

Answer 35

Prominent Byzantine scholar who wrote "The Secret History" and "The Wars of Justinian"

Question 36

Vulfolaic the Langobard

Answer 36

King of the Lombards (German peoples) who played a significant role in the Lombard invasion and settlement of Italy in 6th century

Question 37

Boethius

Answer 37

A transmitter, philosopher, and author of "The Consolation of Philosophy"

Question 38

Cassiodorus

Answer 38

A transmitter, statesman, and monk who founded a monastery and established a scriptorium that was key in preserving and transmitting classical texts

Question 39

Isidore of Seville

Answer 39

A transmitter, bishop, and scholar who compiled an encyclopedia of knowledge known as Etymologies

Question 40

Maurice

Answer 40

Byzantine emperor who defended the Empire against external threats but faced internal unrest that led to his overthrow and execution

Question 41

Phocas

Answer 41

Byzantine Emperor who came to power via assassination of Maurice and his family

Question 42

Heraclius

Answer 42

Byzantine Emperor who reformed the military and administration, successfully defeated the Sassanid Empire, but his later reign was plagued with internal conflict and Arab-Muslim conquests

Question 43

Khusro II

Answer 43

Sassanian king who fought several wars against the Byzantine Empire, known for his construction projects and patronage of the arts

Question 44

Muhammad

Answer 44

Founder of Islam, the Last Prophet, and the messenger of God in Islam

Question 45

Fred Donner

Answer 45

Scholar of Islam

Question 46

Sophronius of Jerusalem

Answer 46

Eastern Orthodox bishop known for opposition to Monothelite heresy and role in events leading to Arab conquest of Jerusalem

Question 47

'Abd al-Malik

Answer 47

5th Umayyad Caliphate, introduced major reforms in Islamic society and government, including the standardization of Arabic language and coinage

Question 48

Anastasius of Sinai

Answer 48

7th century writer and monk