People & Situation Flashcards
(30 cards)
When are pluralistic behaviors most likely to happen
In situation of toughness
What describes pluralistic ignorance
They are misperception of a group norm that leads an individual to act at variance with their private beliefs. This behaviour reinforce the erroneous group norm
What is a second name for the concept of self-fulfilling prophecy
Manifestation with action…flavinette
But for real…what is self-fulfilling prophecy
the tendency fot people to change a behaviour to bring something they actually expect to happen
Why do we do Ideological distortions
Because, sometimes it is necessary to be “clearer than the truth” or because we want to hide certain detail to persuade others of a situation
What are the two order effect
Primacy effect & recency effect
Order effect are a type of what
Framing effect
What make spin framing different from order framing
Spin framing consist of a change in the context. It is a manipulation between positive and negative information to change the focus of a statement. The order, contrarily to order framing have no great impact.
According to pluralistic ignorance, people being affraid to express their misgiving about perceived group norm leads to what exactly
to reinforce the false norms
How do we called the phenomenon during which people engage implicitly in a proactive behaviour to bring about the very thing they expect to happen
self-fulfilling prophecy
Secondhand information are prompt to what (3 elements)
- Ideological distortions
- we tend to tell a story “clearer than the truth” - Over-emphasis on bad news : distortion
- we “embellish” a story to make it more interesting
- distortion for the interest of profit and/or ideology - Effect of the bad-news bias
- bad news influence our tendency to victimize ourselves
What the 3 types of framing effect
- Spin framing
- Positive and negative framing
- temporal framing
Spin framing can be compared to what stylistic procedure
Euphemism
What changes in spin framing and positve/negative framing
the content!
spin framing : the angle
positive & negative framing : play with antipode of an idea
According to which principle do we seek information
we seek information following the CONFIRMATION BIAS principle
Which of the top-down or bottom-up processes is used to understand the world
top-down
Which of the top-down or bottom-up processes are used to process information from the world
bottom-up
Is bottom-up processing “data-driven” or “theory-driven”
data-driven!
so, environment → conclusion about stimuli
Which of the top-down or bottom-up processes used preexisting knowledge and expectation to drive a conclusion from a stimuli
top-down processes
What is the goal of priming
Make a concept more accessible and ready to be used or ready to influence perception
True or false, the frequency and the recency of the activation of a schema have an influence on the likelyness of its use for the individual perception
True!
Can subliminal priming have an effect on schemas and how influential they become for perception
yes, schemas may have an influence on consciousness even if presented under the treshold of attention
How are intuitive responses characterized
Rapid and associative processes
How are rational responses characterized
Slower and rules bases reasoning
