PERCEPTION Flashcards
(34 cards)
the method by which the brain takes all the
sensations a person experiences at any given
moment and allows them to be interpreted in
some meaningful fashion.
Perception
- Size constancy 2. Shape constancy 3. Brightness constancy
Constancies
the tendency to interpret an object as always
being the same size, regardless of its distance
from the viewer (or the size of the image it casts
on the retina).
Size constancy
So if an object that is normally
perceived to be about 6 feet tall appears very small on the retina, it will be interpreted as
being very far away.
Size constancy
why a person still perceives a coin as a circle
even if it is held at an angle that makes it
appear to be an oval on the retina.
Shape constancy
the tendency to perceive the apparent
brightness of an object as the same even when
the light conditions change.
Brightness constancy
- Figure-Ground Relationships
- Proximity
- Similarity
- Closure
- Continuity
Gestalt Principle
Refer to the tendency to perceive objects or
figures as existing in a background. People
seem to have a preference for picking out
figures from backgrounds even as early as birth.
Figure-Ground Relationships
the tendency to perceive objects that are
close to one another as part of the same
grouping.
Proximity
refers to the tendency to perceive things that
look similar as being part of the same group.
Similarity
the tendency to complete figures that are
incomplete.
Closure
refers to the tendency to perceive things as
simple as possible with a continuous pattern
rather than with a complex, broken-up pattern.
Continuity
It is the capability to see the world in three
dimensions
Depth Perception
- Linear Perspective
- Relative Size
- Overlap or interposition
- Aerial Perspective
- Texture Gradient
- Motion Parallax
- Accommodation
7 Monocular Cues
are often referred to as pictorial depth cues
because artists can use these cues to give the
illusion of depth to paintings and drawings.
Monocular Cues
the tendency for lines that are actually
parallel to seem to converge on each other.
Linear Perspective
tendency when the objects that people
expect to be of a certain size appear to be small
and are, therefore, assumed to be much farther
away.
Relative Size
happens if one object seems to be blocking
another object, people assume that the blocked
object is behind the first one and, therefore,
farther away.
Overlap or interposition
occurs when the farther away an object is, the
hazier the object will appear to be due to tiny
particles of dust, dirt, and other pollutants in
the air.
Aerial Perspective
is another trick used by artists to give the
illusion of depth in a painting.
Texture Gradient
makes use of something that happens inside
the eye. The lens of the human eye is flexible
and held in place by a series of muscles, process of visual accommodation
as the tendency of the lens to change its shape,
or thickness, in response to objects near or far
away.
Accommodation
perception of motion of
objects in which close objects appear to move
more quickly than objects that are farther
away
Motion Parallax
cues for perceiving depth
based on both eyes
Binocular cues
1 Convergence
2 Binocular disparity
2 Binocular cues
