SEEING Flashcards
(81 cards)
1
Q
A COMPLICATED PHENOMENON, HAS THE PROPERTIES OF BOTH WAVES AND PARTICLES
A
LIGHT
2
Q
WHO FIRST PROPOSED THAT LIGHT IS TINY PACKETS OF WAVES
A
ALBERT EINSTEIN
3
Q
WAVE PACKETS, HAVE SPECIFIC WAVELENGTHS ASSOCIATED WITH THEM
A
PHOTONS
4
Q
BRIGHTNESS, COLOR, SATURATION
A
PSYCHOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF LIGHT OR THE 3 ASPECTS OF PERCEPTION OF LIGHT
5
Q
THE AMPLITUDE OF THE WAVE, HIGH OR LOW OF THE WAVE
A
BRIGHTNESS
6
Q
HIGH WAVES
A
BRIGHT LIGHT
7
Q
LOW WAVES
A
DIM LIGHT
8
Q
THE LENGTH OF THE WAVE
A
COLOR OR HUE
9
Q
MEASUREMENTS OF THE LENGTH OF THE WAVE
A
NANOMETERS
10
Q
VISIBLE SPECTRUM: LONG WAVELENGTHS
A
RED
11
Q
VISIBLE SPECTRUM: SHORT WAVELENGTHS
A
BLUE
12
Q
PURITY OF THE COLOR PEOPLE PERCEIVE
A
SATURATION
13
Q
PURE COLOR, WITHOUT A MIXTURE OF OTHER WAVELENGTHS
A
SATURATION
14
Q
IRIS OPENING THAT CHANGES SIZE DEPENDS ON THE AMOUNT OF LIGHT IN THE ENVIRONMENT
A
PUPIL
15
Q
MUSCLES CONTROL THE SIZE OF THE PUPIL
A
IRIS
16
Q
CLEAR LIQUID THAT NOURISHES THE EYE
A
AQUEOUS HUMOR
17
Q
BENDS LIGHT WAVES, THE IMAGE CAN BE FOCUSED ON THE RETINA
A
CORNEA
18
Q
JELLY-LIKE LIQUID THAT NOURISHES AND GIVES SHAPE TO THE EYE
A
VITREOUS HUMOR
19
Q
WHERE THE OPTIC NERVE LEAVES THE EYE; NO PHOTORECEPTOR CELLS HERE
A
BLIND SPOT (OPTIC DISC)
20
Q
SENDS VISUAL INFORMATION TO THE BRAIN
A
OPTIC NERVE
21
Q
CENTRAL AREA OF RETINA; GREATEST DENSITY OF PHOTORECEPTORS
A
FOVEA
22
Q
CONTAINS PHOTORECEPTOR CELLS
A
RETINA
23
Q
CHANGES SHAPE TO BRING OBJECTS INTO FOCUS
A
LENS
24
Q
COVERED THE SURFACE OF THE EYE IN A CLEAR MEMBRANE
A
CORNEA
25
PROTECTS THE EYE AND FOCUSES MOST OF THE LIGHT COMING INTO THE EYE
CORNEA
26
HAS A FIXED CURVATURE. LIKE CAM, NO OPTION TO ADJUST THIS FOCUS
CORNEA
27
___ OF THE CORNEA CAN BE CHANGED (SHAPE) = VISION IMPROVING TECHNIQUES
CURVATURE
28
PROCEDURES TO REMOVE SMALL PORTIONS OF THE CORNEA, CHANGING ITS CURVATURE AND THUS THE FOCUS OF THE EYE
(PRK) PHOTOREACTIVE KERATECTOMY & (LASIK) LASER-ASSISTED IN SITU KERATOMILEUSIS
29
LIGHT FROM THE VISUAL IMAGE ENTERS THE INTERIOR OF THE EYE THROUGH A HOLE CALLED ___
PUPIL
30
ROUND MUSCLE OF THE EYE, COLORED PART OF THE EYE
IRIS
31
CAN CHANGE THE SIZE OF THE PUPIL, LETTING MORE OR LESS LIGHT IN THE EYE, HELPS THE PEOPLE FOCUS (SQUINTING)
IRIS
32
CLEAR STRUCTURE, BEHIND THE IRIS SUSPENDED BY MUSCLES
LENS
33
FLEXIBLE LENS FINISH THE FOCUSING PROCESS BEGUN BY THE CORNEA IN A PROCESS CALLED?
VISUAL ACCOMODATION
34
LENS CHANGES ITS SHAPE FROM THICK TO THIN, FOCUSING ON OBJECTS THAT ARE CLOSE OR FAR AWAY
VISUAL ACCOMODATION
35
ALLOWS THE LENS TO PROJECT A SHARP IMAGES IN RETINA
VARIATON IN THICKNESS
36
LOSING THE ABILITY TO ADJUST THE THICKNESS OF THE LENS TO PROJECT A SHARP IMAGES IN RETINA AS PEOPLE AGES
PRESBYOPIA
37
COMPENSATION USE FOR THE INABILITY TO FOCUS ON THINGS THAT ARE CLOSE TO THEM
BIFOCALS
38
VISUAL ACCOMODATION BUT THE SHAPE PF THE EYE CAUSES THE FOCAL POINT TO FALL SHORT OF THE RETINA
NEARSIGHTEDNESS OR MYOPIA
39
THE FOCUS POINT IS BEHIND THE RETINA
FARSIGHTEDNESS OR HYPEROPIA
40
ONECE PAST THE LENS, LIGHT PASSES THROUGH A LARGE OPEN SPACE FILLED WITH A CLEAR JELLY-LIKE FLUID CALLED
VITREOUS HUMOR
41
FINAL STOP FOR LIGHT WITHIN THE EYE
RETINA
42
A LIGHT SENSITIVE AREA AT THE BACK OF THE EYE CONTAINING 3 LAYERS
RETINA
43
GANGLION CELLS | BIPOLAR CELLS | RODS AND CONES
3 LAYERS OF THE RETINA
44
GANGLION CELLS | BIPOLAR CELLS | RODS AND CONES
PHOTORECEPTORS | SPECIAL RECEPTOR CELLS
45
RESPONSIBLE FOR DIFFERENT ASPECTS OF VISION
RODS AND CONES
46
RECEPTORS FOR VISUAL ACUITY/ABILITY TO SEE THE FINE DETAIL
RODS
47
LOCATED ALL OVER THE RETINA BUT CONCENTRATED AT FOVEA
CONES
48
CENTER OF THE RETINA WHERE NO RODS
FOVEA
49
NEED MORE LIGHT TO FUNCTION, WORK BEST IN BRIGHT LIGHT, SEE THINGS CLEARLY AT LIGHT
CONES
50
SENSITIVE TO DIFFERENT WAVELENGTHS OF LIGHT, RESPONSIBLE FOR COLOR VISION
CONES
51
LIGHT ENTERING EYES CAN BE SEPARETED INTO 2 VISUAL FIELDS
RIGHT AND LEFT VISUAL FIELDS
52
LIGHT FROM ___ FALLS ON THE LEFT SIDE OF EYE'S RETINA
RIGHT VISUAL FIELD
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LIGHT FROM ___ FALLS ON THE RIGHT SIDE OF EYE'S RETINA
LEFT VISUAL FIELD
54
LIGHT TRAVELS IN A ___ LINE THROUGH CORNEA AND LENS RESULTING THE IMAGE TO BE ___ AND ____ FROM LEFT TO RIGHT
STRAIGHT | UPSIDE DOWN AND REVERSED
55
TEMPORAL RETINAS AND NASAL RETINAS
2 HALVES OF THE AREAS OF THE RETINA
56
HALF OF THE RETINA TOWARD THE TEMPLES OF THE HEAD
TEMPORAL RETINAS
57
HALF OF THE RETINA TOWARD THE CENTER OR NOSE
NASAL RETINAS
58
WORK WELL IN LOW LEVELS OF LIGHT, ALLOW THE EYES TO ADAPT TO LOW LIGHT
RODS
59
OCCURS AS THE EYE RECOVERS ITS ABILITY TO SEE WHEN GOING FROM A BRIGHTLY LIT STATE TO A DARK STATE
DARK ADAPTATION
60
ALLOW US TO SEE, ABLE REGENERATE OR RECHARGE IN THE DARK
LIGHT SENSITIVE PIGMENTS
61
BRIGHTER THE LIGHT WAS, ____ IT TAKES THE RODS TO ADAPT TO THE NEW LOWER LEVELS OF LIGHT
LONGER
62
OCCURS WHEN GOING FROM MORE CONSTANT LIGHT TO DARKNESS
FULL DARK ADAPTATION
63
A PERSON HAS DIFFICULTY SEEING WELL ENOUGH TO DRIVE AT NIGHT OR GET AROUND IN A DARKENED ROOM/HOUSE
NIGHT BLINDNESS
64
VITAMIN THAT CAN HELP NIGHT BLINDNESS SYMPTOMS
VITAMIN A
65
FROM A DARKENED ROOM TO ONE THAT'S BRIGHTLY LIT
LIGHT ADAPTATION
66
_____ HAVE TO ADAPT TO THE INCREASED LEVEL OF LIGHT AND THEY ACCOMPLISH THIS LIGHT ADAPTATION MUCH MORE QUICKLY THAN THE RODS ADAPT TO DARKNESS (TAKES A FEW SECONDS)
CONES
67
1. TRICHROMATIC THEORY | 2. OPPONENT-PROCESS THEORY
2 THEORIES OF PERCEPTION OF COLOR
68
THEORY PROPOSED BY THOMAS YOUNG (1802) AND MODIFIED BY HERMANN VON HELMHOLTZ (1852)
TRICHROMATIC THEORY
69
MEANS THREE COLORS
TRICHROMATIC
70
PROPOSED THREE TYPES OF CONES: RED CONES, BLUE CONES, GREEN CONES | ONE FOR EACH OF THE 3 PRIMARY COLORS
TRICHROMATIC THEORY
71
RED, BLUE, GREEN,
PRIMARY COLORS
72
OCCUR WHEN A VISUAL SENSATION PERSISTS FOR A BRIEF TIME EVEN AFTER THE ORIGINAL STIMULUS IS REMOVED
AFTERIMAGES
73
THEORY THAT EXPLAINED THE AFTERIMAGES
OPPONENT-PROCESS THEORY
74
FIRST SUGGESTED THE IDEA OF THE OPPONENT-PROCESS THEORY
EDWALD HERING (1874)
75
THERE ARE FOUR PRIMARY COLORS: RED, GREEN, BLUE, YELLOW IN THIS THEORY
OPPONENT-PROCESS THEORY
76
THE COLORS ARE ARRANGED IN PAIRS WITH EACH MEMBER OF THE PAIR AS OPPONENTS
OPPONENT-PROCESS THEORY
77
RED VS GREEN | BLUE VS YELLOW
OPPONENT-PROCESS THEORY
78
CAUSED BY DEFECTIVE CONES IN THE RETINA OF THE EYE
COLOR BLINDNESS
79
MORE GENERAL/ACCURATE TERM OF COLOR BLINDNESS, AS MOST PEOPLE WITH CB HAVE 2 TYPES OF CONES WORKING AND CAN SEE MANY COLORS
COLOR-DEFICIENT VISION
80
PEOPLE EITHER HAVE NO CONES OR HAVE CONES THAT ARE NOT WORKING AT ALL
MONOCHROME COLOR BLINDNESS
81
CAUSED BY THE SAME KIND OF PROBLEM, HAVING ONE CONE THAT DOESN'T WORK PROPERLY, EXPERIENCE THE WORLD WITH ESSENTIALLY COMBINATIONS OF TWO CONES/COLORS
DICHROMATIC VISION
