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Performance and Limitations Flashcards

(17 cards)

1
Q

What are the characteristics of air mass that affect aircraft performance?

A

Temperature, pressure, and humidity

These characteristics directly impact lift, engine power, and efficiency.

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2
Q

How does higher temperature affect air density and aircraft performance?

A

Higher temperature → Lower air density → Reduced lift and engine power

Warmer air is less dense, which negatively impacts performance.

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3
Q

What is the effect of lower pressure on engine efficiency?

A

Less oxygen for combustion → Decreased engine efficiency

Lower pressure leads to less available oxygen, affecting performance.

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4
Q

How does higher humidity impact engine power?

A

Water vapor displaces oxygen → Slight reduction in engine power

Increased humidity can lead to a minor decrease in performance.

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5
Q

What is the relationship between air density and aircraft performance?

A

Denser air improves lift and engine performance; thinner air reduces efficiency

High altitude, hot, and humid conditions lead to thinner air.

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6
Q

What factors determine density altitude?

A

Pressure altitude, temperature, and humidity

These factors can be calculated using specific tools like the National Weather Service Density Altitude Calculator.

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7
Q

What is the total distance required to clear a 50’ obstacle for a Cessna 172 at sea level with no wind?

A

1,500–2,000 feet

This distance can vary with changes in weight, wind, and density altitude.

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8
Q

How does higher density altitude affect takeoff distance?

A

Increases required distance

As density altitude rises, aircraft performance diminishes, requiring more distance to clear obstacles.

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9
Q

What are the effects of grass or sod runways on takeoff performance?

A

Longer takeoff rolls, reduced acceleration, and requires soft-field landing techniques

Grass surfaces create more drag compared to paved runways.

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10
Q

What is the maximum takeoff weight limit for the Normal Category of aircraft?

A

≤12,500 lbs

This category is limited to non-acrobatic operations.

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11
Q

What allows the Utility Category aircraft to perform that the Normal Category cannot?

A

Allows limited aerobatics such as spins and steep turns

Both categories have the same weight limit of ≤12,500 lbs.

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12
Q

What is the maximum takeoff weight for Commuter Category aircraft?

What’s the regulation?

A

Up to 19,000 lbs

14 CFR Part 23

This category is designated for multi-engine aircraft.

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13
Q

What is the maximum baggage compartment load for a Cessna 172?

A

120 lbs

This weight limit is important for ensuring safe flight operations.

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14
Q

What are the usable fuel capacities for a Cessna 172M?

A

The usable fuel capacity for a Cessna 172M is 38 gallons with standard tanks, and 48 gallons if equipped with long-range tanks

Knowing fuel capacity is critical for flight planning.

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15
Q

Can you slip with flaps extended in a Cessna 172?

A

It depends on the aircraft; prolonged slips with full flaps are advised against

This is to prevent tail blanketing and loss of pitch control.

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16
Q

What could happen during prolonged slips with full flaps in some aircraft models?

A

Potential tail blanketing, buffeting, or reduced elevator effectiveness

Always check the Pilot Operating Handbook (POH) for specific guidance.

17
Q

Are short-duration slips generally safe with flaps extended?

A

Yes, but always check the POH

Safety depends on the specific aircraft model and conditions.