Perio Flashcards
(31 cards)
These bacteria are gram positive cocci associated with periodontal health
Streptococcus Sanguinis
Streptococcus Gordonii
These are gram positive rods associated with gingivitis
Actinomyces isrealii
Actinomycels naeslundii
These are gram negative bacteria associated with tissue destruction in periodontitis
Porphyromonas Gingivalis
Tannerella Forsythia
Treponema Denticola
This is a spirochete associated with periodontal tissue destruction
It is a strict anaerobe, found in large numbers where?
Treponema Denticola
At the base of pockets (attachment loss)
This is a gram negative, anaerobic rod associated with tissue destruction in periodontitis
Healthy children and adolescents harbor none of it
Most patients have a single clone
Stronly correlated with periodontits, multiple virulence factors
Porphyromonas Gingivalis
This is a gram negative anaerobic rod strongly associated with periodontitis and possibly involved in its initiation
Tanerella Forsythia
This bacteria is a gram negative coccobacillus
What is it strongly associated with some cases of?
Some strains produce a toxin that kills neutrophils and macrophages
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
Localized Aggressive Periodontitis
This cytokine stimulates osteclast activity, resulting in bone resorption.
Also induces breakdown of collagen in gingiva, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone
Cytokine IL-1
This cytokine stimulates bone resorption and inhibits bone formation
IL-6
This cytokine stimulates connective tissue destruction and bone resportion
IL-8
So IL-1, IL-6, and IL-8 stimulate bone resoprtion, among other things
!
This cytokine stimulates bone resorption and induces the breakdown of collagen matrix in the gingiva periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone
Cytokine TNF-alpha
The molecule stimulates MMP secretion and stimulates bone resorption
Prostglanding E2 (PGE2)
These molecules induce breakdown of collagen matrix in the gingiva, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone
Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs)
This system provides a second line of defense when bacterial pathogens invade immune cells
When activated, they stimulate direct killing (lysis) of bacteria via MACs, opsonization of pathogens, and recruitment of additional cellular defenders
The complement system
Phagocytes like PMNs and later Macrophages are recruited to the periodontal lesion and part of the innate immune response
They are recruited by several means, including:
The alternate pathway of this system, molecules like C3a, C5a, vasodilation, expression of ICAM-1
These molecules on phagocytes that recognize macromolecules unique to bacteria, like LPS for gram positive and lipotechoic acid for gram positive bacteria, allowing for activation and proliferation
This molecule that is chemotactic for PMNs and macrophages
This molecule that is chemotactic for the B cell
Complement Activation
Toll Like Receptors
fMet-Leu,Phe
C5a
LPS is a TLR found where?
Gram negative bacteria
Lipoteichoic acid is a TLR found where?
Gram positive bacteria
Acute inflammation is characterized by:
PMNs
Chronic inflammation is characterized by:
Macrophages, B cells, plasma cells
Healing is characterized by:
Fibroblasts, endothelial cells, epithelial cells
If chronic inflammation is allowed to persist, you have persistance of inflammatory cells and cytokines leading to tissue destruction, termed
Friendly Fire
This is an acute phase response protein that is part of the innate immune system
C-reactive Protein
These two molecules are part of the INNATE immune system and the alternate complement pathway
C3a, C5a
