Period 1 and 2 Flashcards
(36 cards)
Southwest
Apache, Navajo, and Pueblo. With primarily maize agriculture. Some tribes cliff dwellings large apartment complexes out of mud bricks.
Great Basin
Washoe and Paiute tribes. In the desert climate hunting and gathering in nomadic communities was more common.
Northeast
Wampanog, Iroqois, and Powhaten. Hunting gathering with slash burn agricultral lead by three sisters farming and more settled tribes.
Great Plains
Wichita and Soix. Most affected by introduction of horses with migratory hunting practices for bison. With some small settlings in tepees.
Mississippi River Valley
Choctaw and Chickasaw. More settled farmers on the river bank also three sisters farming
Atlantic Sea Board
Used the ocean as a source of food and trade with the first contact with Europeans
Northwest/California
Pomo and Modac. Hunting and gathering life mostly sedentary lifestyle with a dependency on the ocean
Treaty of Tordesillas
Signed in 1494 splitting rights of the “new world” between Spain and portugal.
Colombian Exchange
The cultural, diseased, plants, animals, and religion between the new and old world
Patterns of Spanish colonization
Started by the conquistador under the Castillo for trade and Catholic expansion
Encomienda system
Spanish colonizers were allowed to keep native people as slaves under the idea that he would keep them safe and convert them. North American Chattel slavery first.
Pueblo Revolt/Pope’s Rebellion
1680 the native pueblo people revolt against Spanish colonizers burning churches and taking back their land.
Maize
The most important domesticated food in the Americas supporting the first settled civilizations in the Americas
Mestizos
Mixed race people who were both native and also Spanish
Joint Stock Companies
a business owned by its investors, with each investor owning a share of the company based on the amount that they’ve bought in.
Chesapeake Bay Colonies
Virginia 1614 and Maryland 1634
Heavily cash crop based economy with Tobacco. But the colonies grew slowly due to poor conditions, disease, and poverty.
Carolina’s
Settled by farmers from the west indies, growing things like rice and indigo with heavy slavery. Mostly protestant in the south and irreligious in the north home to pirates!
Southern Colonies
Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia. Economy based on cash crops like tobacco and rice, cultivated on large plantations using slave labor, with little manufacturing and heavy support from Europe and the north
West Indies
The Caribbean islands now were a strategic port between north and south america as well as between Europe and north america mostly used to cultivate cash crops using slavery
New England Colonies
Connecticut, Rhode Island, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire. Mostly used as manufacturing colonies because of their rocky terrain and dense forests established with puritans and protestants in mind and lead a strictly religious lifestyle
Middle Colonies
New York , Pennsylvania , New Jersey , and Delaware. good farming and produced grains (the bread baskets colonies) trading ships, lumber, and furs. Better relationships with Native people.
British West Indies
A British colony that was used as a strategic port for trade and slavery growing lots of sugar cane.
French Colonizers
Large colonies in the south used for trading furs and exotic produce
Dutch Colonizers
The Dutch east trading company, settled in Canada and New York
