Period 2 Flashcards
(18 cards)
the belief that America has a special mission to be a beacon of democracy and liberty. First expressed in Winthrop’s “A City Upon a Hill” sermon and now an important part of America’s national identity.
American Exceptionalsim
economic philosophy that guided European powers during the 17th and 18th centuries. This policy intended to enable Britain to achieve a favorable balance of trade by exporting more than it imported.
Mercantilism
wave of religious revivals that began in New England and spread across all colonies 1730’s - 1740’s
1st Great Awakening
18th century philosophy stressing reason to improve the human condition. This was inspired by Locke, Hobbes, and Montesquieu.
Enlightenment
explored for the purpose of finding a northwest passage to Asia, settled by trappers and traders while developing a lucrative fur trade with Indian tribes, Jesuit priests spread religion, few women lived here
Characteristics of French North America
settled by a variety of migrants who sought social mobility, economic prosperity, and religious freedom; included a long but narrow line of settlements that stretched along the Atlantic coast; initial tolerance for Natives but eventual wars over land occurred
Characteristics of British North America
founded in 1607 by a joint-stock company
Jamestown
Characteristics of this Colonial Region Include: religion playing a minor role, scarcity of women, first representative legislative assembly, planting of cash crops such as tobacco, mild climate, fertile soil
Chesapeake Colonies
This rebellion exposed tensions between the former indentured servants, who were poor, and the gentry, who were rich. The new small farmers wanted Natives off their newly found land while rich planters turned towards Africans as a more reliable source of labor.
Bacon’s
These factors contributed to…planting of tobacco, need for large labor force, indentured servants were unreliable, rebellions such as Bacon’s
Causes of African Slavery
These factors contributed to…planting of tobacco, need for large labor force, indentured servants were unreliable, rebellions such as Bacon’s
Causes of African Slavery
Characteristics of this Colonial Region include…religion playing a major role, close-knit society, town hall meetings, rocky soil and mountains, cold weather, shipbuilding became part of the economy
New England Colonies
“For we must consider that we shall be a city upon a hill, the eyes of all people are upon us. So that if we shall deal falsely with our God in this work we shall have undertaken, and so cause Him to withdraw His present help from us, we shall be made a story and a by-word throughout the world.”
John Winthrop’s A Sermon Upon a Hill
banned from Puritan society due to unorthodox religious views such as challenging the roles of women in society and the role of the clergy’s interpretation of the Bible; excile led to death
Anne Hutchinson
Characteristics of this Colonial Region include…moderate winters, fertile soil, “Holy Experiment”, pacifists who refused to bear arms and supported Abolitionism
Middle Colonies
delivered sermons during the 1st Great Awakening that were emotional and warned sinners to repent; “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God”
Jonathan Edwards
A series of laws enacted by Parliament designed to implement mercantilist policies; stipulated that no ship could trade in the colonies unless it had been constructed in either England or America
This was Britain’s unspoken policy of ignoring their North American colonies due to conflicts within the nation. During this period the colonies began to grow their ideas of independence.
Salutary Neglect
