Period 2 Test

Question 1

Why was the Renaissance developed?

Answer 1

Plague caused death and destruction and people wanted to revive classical art.

Question 2

When did the Renaissance start?

Answer 2

Mid 1300s

Question 3

Why did the Protestant Reformation take place?

Answer 3

The Catholic church was corrupt.

Question 4

How was the Church corrupt?

Answer 4

Selling indulgences, priests getting drunk, having kids, getting married

Question 5

What are the Protestant Reformation Effects?

Answer 5

The Catholic Reformation and Lutheranism.

Question 6

What are the effects of the Catholic Reformation?

Answer 6

The Church lost some of its followers but worked to fix the corruption within.

Question 7

What is Absolutism?

Answer 7

A ruler has complete power over their people.

Question 8

What is Divine Right?

Answer 8

People thought God was telling them they needed to be the next ruler.

Question 9

What monarchs used Absolutism?

Answer 9

Queen Mary, Queen Elizabeth I, Oliver Cromwell, Henry VIII, Louis XIV

Question 10

How was Louis XIV absolute?

Answer 10

He revoked the Edict of Nantes and increased taxes, bringing debt and war.

Question 11

What are effects of the Scientific Revolution?

Answer 11

The development of new medicines and people stopped relying on the Church for scientific claims.

Question 12

How were balances of power changed?

Answer 12

China went into a period of isolation, allowing Europe to conquer the Americas and gain as much power as China had.

Question 13

What were causes for exploring America?

Answer 13

Northwest Passage, gold and silver, conversion, gain territory

Question 14

Why did Europe not travel via Asia land routes?

Answer 14

The Silk Roads were not safe and they had to make it through Middle East controlled lands first.

Question 15

What are inventions that enabled exploration?

Answer 15

Compasses, lateen sails, astrolabe, cartography, wind knowledge

Question 16

Who were the Big 5 countries?

Answer 16

Spain, Portugal, England, France, Netherlands

Question 17

What are effects of the Columbian Exchange?

Answer 17

Brought animals, crops, slaves, and killed 2/3 of natives.

Question 18

What is mercantilism?

Answer 18

The belief you should export more than you import, leading to colonization

Question 19

What is Chattel Slavery?

Answer 19

Buying slaves as property and forcing them to do labor.

Question 20

What is Indentured Servitude?

Answer 20

A contract you work under until you are able to buy your freedom.

Question 21

What caused the Atlantic Slave Trade?

Answer 21

The need for slaves due to Native death and Africans already having experience in slavery.

Question 22

What are effects of the Atlantic Slave Trade?

Answer 22

Millions of Africans were traded and racism and social classes started.

Question 23

What were Boyars?

Answer 23

Privileged, rich, landowners that used serfs. They were granted ability to demand peasant labor, act as landlords, enforce taxes, and punishments.

Question 24

What are accomplishments of Peter the Great?

Answer 24

Got rid of old fashion, created navigation schools, changed the capital to St, Petersburg

Question 25

What are the accomplishments of Catherine the Great?

Answer 25

Expanded Russia's holdings, gave Boyar's power, and expanded art and education

Question 26

What were Cossacks?

Answer 26

An ethnic group of Russian horseback riders that were pioneers and adventurers. They had a focus on ag.

Question 27

Who were the gunpowder empires?

Answer 27

Ottomans, Safavids, Mughals

Question 28

What was Devishirme?

Answer 28

Young Christian boys taken, castrated, and converted to Islam. They then went to school and served in the military.

Question 29

What were janissaries?

Answer 29

Ottoman soldiers that defended Istanbul and were from Devshirme.

Question 30

What was Ottoman tax farming?

Answer 30

People auctioned to collect taxes on goods and land, but did not work for the government.

Question 31

What led to the decline of the Ottomans?

Answer 31

They expanded their territory too far and could not control it all.

Question 32

What led to the decline of the Safavids?

Answer 32

Neighboring territories nipped at pieces of their territory until they got to the capital.

Question 33

What were Mughal Zamindars?

Answer 33

Persian and Hindu nobles that collected tax on land from peasants, keeping a portion for themselves.

Question 34

What are the accomplishments of Akbar the Great?

Answer 34

Improved status of women, discouraged child marriage, and was religiously tolerant.

Question 35

What were the Mughal Maratha Wars?

Answer 35

Mughal emperor denounces the Hindus and imposes a non-Muslim tax. Hindus go to war.

Question 36

What was the Tokugawa Shoganate

Answer 36

Feudal family that unified Japan and led them into isolation. Trade banned