Periodic Table Flashcards
(30 cards)
What is an atom?
An atom is the basic building block of all matter.
What is an element?
An element is a pure substance made up of only one type of atom.
What is a compound?
A compound is a substance formed when two or more elements are chemically combined.
What is a molecule?
A molecule is formed when two or more atoms are chemically bonded together.
What is the key difference between a compound and a mixture?
In a compound, atoms are chemically bonded. In a mixture, substances are physically combined but not chemically bonded.
What is the Periodic Table?
The Periodic Table is a chart that organizes elements based on their properties.
What does it mean when elements are in the same group on the Periodic Table?
Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties because they have the same number of valence electrons.
Where are metals located on the Periodic Table?
Metals are found on the left side of the Periodic Table.
What are some common properties of metals?
High melting points, grey appearance, good conductors of heat and electricity.
What are the three subatomic particles that make up an atom?
Protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Where are protons and neutrons located in an atom?
In the nucleus (center) of the atom.
Where are electrons located in an atom?
In shells or energy levels surrounding the nucleus.
What are the charges of protons, neutrons, and electrons?
Protons have a positive charge, neutrons have no charge (neutral), and electrons have a negative charge.
What is the mass of each subatomic particle?
Protons and neutrons have significant mass, while electrons have negligible mass.
How are electrons arranged in an atom?
Electrons are arranged in shells or energy levels around the nucleus.
What is the maximum number of electrons in the outer shell of an atom?
8 (except for the first shell, which can hold 2).
How do you read the name of a compound from its formula?
The formula tells you which elements are present and how many atoms of each element are in the compound.
What does the principle of conservation of mass state?
In a chemical reaction, the total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products.
What does it mean to balance a chemical equation?
To balance a chemical equation means to ensure that the number of atoms of each element is the same on both the reactant and product sides of the equation.
What is a physical change?
A physical change is a change in the form or appearance of a substance, but not its chemical composition.
Give an example of a physical change.
Melting ice, boiling water, freezing water.
What is a chemical change?
A chemical change is a change in which a new substance is formed with different chemical properties.
Give an example of a chemical change.
Burning wood, rusting iron, cooking an egg.
How can you tell the difference between a physical and chemical change?
Chemical changes involve the formation of new substances with different properties, while physical changes do not.
