Periodic Table Revision

Question 1

What are 3 key physical properties of metals?

Answer 1

Shiny, conduct electricity, malleable/ductile

Question 2

What are 3 key physical properties of non-metals?

Answer 2

Dull, poor conductors (insulators), brittle

Question 3

Why do metals conduct electricity?

Answer 3

Delocalized electrons can move freely

Question 4

Why are non-metals brittle?

Answer 4

Covalent bonds are directional and break easily

Question 5

Where are metals found on the periodic table?

Answer 5

Left side and center (transition metals)

Question 6

Where are non-metals found on the periodic table?

Answer 6

Right side (Groups 14-18)

Question 7

What determines an element’s position in the periodic table?

Answer 7

Number of protons (atomic number)

Question 8

How are electrons arranged in atoms?

Answer 8

In shells/energy levels around the nucleus

Question 9

What did Mendeleev base his periodic table on?

Answer 9

Atomic mass and chemical properties

Question 10

How was Mendeleev’s table improved?

Answer 10

Arranged by atomic number instead of mass

Question 11

What causes periodic patterns in properties?

Answer 11

Repeating electron shell configurations

Question 12

Why do elements in the same group have similar properties?

Answer 12

Same number of outer shell electrons

Question 13

What is the chemical symbol for sodium?

Answer 13

Na

Question 14

What is the chemical symbol for chlorine?

Answer 14

Cl

Question 15

What is the formula for sodium chloride?

Answer 15

NaCl

Question 16

What is the formula for water?

Answer 16

H₂O

Question 17

What is the formula for carbon dioxide?

Answer 17

CO₂

Question 18

What is the formula for methane?

Answer 18

CH₄

Question 19

How do you write a balanced equation?

Answer 19

Equal atoms of each element on both sides

Question 20

What is the formula for sulfate ion?

Answer 20

SO₄²⁻

Question 21

What is the formula for nitrate ion?

Answer 21

NO₃⁻

Question 22

What is the formula for ammonium ion?

Answer 22

NH₄⁺

Question 23

What are the Group 1 elements called?

Answer 23

Alkali metals

Question 24

What are the Group 7 elements called?

Answer 24

Halogens

Question 25

What are the Group 0 elements called?

Answer 25

Noble gases

Question 26

Key property of Group 1 metals?

Answer 26

Very reactive, get more reactive down the group

Question 27

Key property of Group 7 elements?

Answer 27

Very reactive, get less reactive down the group

Question 28

Key property of Group 0 elements?

Answer 28

Unreactive/inert (full outer shells)

Question 29

Why are Group 1 metals reactive?

Answer 29

1 outer electron, easily lost

Question 30

Why are Group 7 elements reactive?

Answer 30

7 outer electrons, need 1 more

Question 31

Why are noble gases unreactive?

Answer 31

Full outer electron shells (stable)

Question 32

What happens to Group 1 reactivity down the group?

Answer 32

Increases (outer electron easier to lose)

Question 33

What happens to Group 7 reactivity down the group?

Answer 33

Decreases (harder to gain electron)

Question 34

Name 3 transition metals

Answer 34

Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn)

Question 35

Key properties of transition metals

Answer 35

Hard, strong, high melting points, colored compounds

Question 36

What do transition metals form?

Answer 36

Colored compounds and act as catalysts

Question 37

Will sodium react with water?

Answer 37

Yes, vigorously (Group 1)

Question 38

Will chlorine react with hydrogen?

Answer 38

Yes, forms HCl (Group 7)

Question 39

Will helium react with anything?

Answer 39

No, it's a noble gas

Question 40

What is conservation of mass?

Answer 40

Mass of reactants = mass of products

Question 41

In 2Mg + O₂ → 2MgO, what are the coefficients?

Answer 41

37288

Question 42

What is a half equation?

Answer 42

Shows electrons gained or lost in a reaction

Question 43

Example of oxidation half equation

Answer 43

Mg → Mg²⁺ + 2e⁻

Question 44

Example of reduction half equation

Answer 44

Cl₂ + 2e⁻ → 2Cl⁻