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Vascular Sonography > Peripheral Arterial Disease- Lecture 2 > Flashcards

Peripheral Arterial Disease- Lecture 2 Flashcards

1
Q

CW doppler has ____ crystals and angle of insonation is _____degrees

A

2, 45-60

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2
Q

-estimates the frequencies
-displayed on strip chart recorder
-not as common as spectral analysis
-zero-crossing frequency meter
can adjust the gain*

A

Analog

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3
Q
  • displays individual frequencies using FFT method

- time is on horizontal axis, velocity or frequency shifts is on vertical axis

A

spectral waveform

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4
Q

peak systolic pressure is ______ as the pulse wave progresses down the lower limb

A

amplified

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5
Q

they systolic pressure measured at the ankle is normally ______ than that in the upper arm

A

higher

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6
Q

smaller vessels = ________ in resistance and ______ in diastolic flow component

A

increase, decrease

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7
Q

most reliable pressure parameter for diagnosis of arterial narrowing

A

peak systolic pressure/velocity

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8
Q

is CW qualitative or quantitative?

A

qualitative

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9
Q

first change seen with disease is ….

A

loss of reverse component

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10
Q

Monophasic can be found ______ and _____ to an occlusion

A

proximal, distal

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11
Q

vasodilation of the distal vessels often occur with _____ obstruction, reducing the pulsatility, causing the signals to have lower resistant (steady) flow quality

A

proximal

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12
Q

analog not capable of detecting velocities less than ____cm/sec

A

6

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13
Q

doppler typically used in lower extremities

A

CW

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14
Q

what should you adjust to get rid of noise

A

increase the filter and reduce the gain

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15
Q

quantitative interpretation

A
  • pulsatility index
  • acceleration time
  • inverse damping factor
  • transit time
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16
Q

Pulsatility Index

A

peak 1 to peak 2 divided by mean frequency

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17
Q

normal CFA and pop. PI

A

75.5 and 8

18
Q

aortoiliac occlusive disease has an API of ….

A

less than 5

19
Q

time of onset of systole to point of maximum peak velocity

decrease is normal

A

acceleration time

20
Q

increased or prolonged amount of acceleration time indicates disease is present ______ to site of interrogation

A

proximal

21
Q

greater than _____ msec in CFA/EIA suggests significant iliac disease

A

133

22
Q
  • ratio of distal PI to the proximal PI of a segment in an artery
  • ratio of proximal SFA to distal
A

Inverse Damping Factor - IDF

23
Q

normal Inverse Damping Factor (IDF)

A

0.9-1.1

24
Q

Popliteal IDF of 0.9 or less suggests…

A

SFA occlusion or stenosis

25
Q
  • systole should be simultaneously evident at a specific site bilaterally
  • a delay on one side may indicate a more proximal occlusive process
A

transit time

26
Q

transit time is an ________ assessment

A

bilateral

27
Q

cuffs for ABI should have width of _____% greater or ____ diameter of the limb

A

20, 1.2

28
Q

the diastolic and mean pressure gradually ______ as the pulse wave moves distally

A

decreases

29
Q

smaller vessels = _______ in resistance and ________ in diastolic flow component

A

increase, decrease

30
Q

Obtain pressures starting at the _______, moving ____ the leg.
otherwise pressures would be falsely _______

A

ankle, up

lower

31
Q

any reduction in distal ABI pressure should be less than _____mm Hg between adjacent segments

A

20-30

32
Q

______ of thigh cuff changes interpretation

A

width

33
Q

foot and toe ulcers will fail to heal if the toe pressure is less than _____ mmHg

A

30

34
Q

concave is _______ downstroke whereas, convex is ________ downstroke

A

normal, abnormal

35
Q

for exercise testing the treadmill should be at a less than _____% elevation at _____ mph for a maximum of ____ min or until pt must stop

A

12, 1-2, 5

36
Q

what’s a common anatomical variant in the upper arm?

A

radial artery originates in the mid to upper arm

37
Q

upper extremity arterial disease accounts for only ____% of all extremity ischemia

A

5

38
Q

normal subclavian artery velocity is ….

A

80-120 cm/sec

39
Q

most likely area in the upper extremity to have PAOD…

A

subclavian and proximal axillary arteries

40
Q

a greater than ______ mmHg difference in brachial systolic pressure indicates a presence of greater than 50% diameter reduction of the subclavian artery (or under cuff artery)
a greater than _____ mmHg difference between adjacent segments indicates disease as well

A

20, 20

41
Q
  • evaluates patency of the palmer arch

- optional test that can be performed in conjunction with the upper extremity arterial doppler examination

A

Allen’s Test

Vascular Sonography (8 decks)

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